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ticular image then the conversion can be lossless vector display hardware edit main article vector monitor a free software asteroids like video game played on a vector monitor vector based devices such as the vector crt and the pen plotter directly control a drawing mechanism to produce geometric shapes since vector display devices can define a line by dealing with just two points that is the coordinates of each end of the line the device can reduce the total amount of data it must deal with by organizing the image in terms of pairs of points 6 vector graphic displays were first used in 1958 by the us sage air defense system 7 vector graphics systems were retired from the u s en route air traffic control in 1999 citation needed vector graphics were also used on the tx 2 at the massachusetts institute of technology lincoln laboratory by computer graphics pioneer ivan sutherland to run his program sketchpad in 1963 8 subsequent vector graphics systems most of which iterated through dynamically modifiable stored lists of drawing instructions include the ibm 2250 imlac pds 1 and dec gt40 there was a video game console that used vector graphics called vectrex as well as various arcade games like asteroids space wars tempest and many cinematronics titles such as rip off and tail gunner using vector monitors 9 storage scope displays such as the tektronix 4014 could display vector images but not modify them without first erasing the display however these were never as widely used as the raster based scanning displays used for television and had largely disappeared by the mid 1980s except for specialized applications plotters used in technical drawing still draw vectors directly to paper by moving a pen as directed through the two dimensional space of the paper however as with monitors these have largely been replaced by the wide format printer that prints a raster image which may be rendered from vector data software edit because this model is useful in a variety of application domains many different software programs have been created for drawing manipulating and visualizing vector graphics while these are all based on the same basic vector data model they can interpret and structure shapes very differently using very different file formats graphic design and illustration using a vector graphics editor or graphic art software such as adobe illustrator see comparison of vector graphics editors for capabilities geographic information systems gis which can represent a geographic feature by a combination of a vector shape and a set of attributes 10 gis includes vector editing mapping and vector spatial analysis capabilities computer aided design cad used in engineering architecture and surveying building information modeling bim models add attributes to each shape similar to a gis 3d computer graphics software including computer animation file formats edit vector graphics are commonly found today in the svg wmf eps pdf cdr or ai types of graphic file formats and are intrinsically different from the more common raster graphics file formats such as jpeg png apng gif webp bmp and mpeg4 the world wide web consortium w3c standard for vector graphics is scalable vector graphics svg the standard is complex and has been relatively slow to be established at least in part owing to commercial interests many web browsers now have some support for rendering svg data but full implementations of the standard are still comparatively rare in recent years svg has become a significant format that is completely independent of the resolution of the rendering device typically a printer or display monitor svg files are essentially printable text that describes both straight and curved paths as well as other attributes wikipedia prefers svg for images such as simple maps line illustrations coats of arms and flags which generally are not like photographs or other continuous tone images citation needed rendering svg requires conversion to a raster format at a resolution appropriate for the current task svg is also a format for animated graphics there is also a version of svg for mobile phones called svgt svg tiny version these images can count links and also exploit anti aliasing they can also be displayed as wallpaper cad software uses its own vector data formats usually proprietary formats created by software vendors such as autodesk s dwg and public exchange formats such as dxf hundreds of distinct vector file formats have been created for gis data over its history including proprietary formats like the esri file geodatabase proprietary but public formats like the shapefile and the original kml open source formats like geojson and formats created by standards bodies like simple features and gml from the open geospatial consortium conversion edit the list of image file formats covers proprietary and public vector formats original reference photo before vectorization detail can be added to or removed from vector art to raster edit main articles rasterisation raster image processor and render output unit modern displays and printers are raster devices vector formats have to be converted to a raster format bitmaps pixel arrays before they can be rendered displayed or printed 11 the size of the bitmap raster format file generated by the conversion will depend on the resolution required but the size of the vector file generating the bitmap raster file will always remain the same thus it is easy to convert from a vector file to a range of bitmap raster file formats but it is much more difficult to go in the opposite direction especially if subsequent editing of the vector picture is required it might be an advantage to save an image created from a vector source file as a bitmap raster format because different systems have different and incompatible vector formats and some might not support vector graphics at all however once a file is converted from the vector format it is likely to be bigger and it loses the advantage of scalability without loss of resolution it will also no longer be possible to edit individual parts of the image as discrete objects the file size of a vector graphic image depends on the number of graphic elements it contains it is a list of descriptions from raster edit main articles vectorization image tracing and comparison of raster to vector conversion software this section is empty you can help by adding to it june 2018 printing edit vector art is ideal for printing since the art is made from a series of mathematical curves it will print very crisply even when resized 12 for instance one can print a vector logo on a small sheet of copy paper and then enlarge the same vector logo to billboard size and keep the same crisp quality a low resolution raster graphic would blur or pixelate excessively if it were enlarged from business card size to billboard size the precise resolution of a raster graphic necessary for high quality results depends on the viewing distance e g a billboard may still appear to be of high quality even at low resolution if the viewing distance is great enough 13 new archival link needed if we regard typographic characters as images then the same considerations that we have made for graphics apply even to the composition of written text for printing typesetting older character sets were stored as bitmaps therefore to achieve maximum print quality they had to be used at a given resolution only these font formats are said to be non scalable high quality typography is nowadays based on character drawings fonts which are typically stored as vector graphics and as such are scalable to any size examples of these vector formats for characters are postscript fonts and truetype fonts operation edit advantages of this style of drawing over raster graphics because vector graphics consist of coordinates with lines curves between them the size of the representation does not depend on the dimensions of the object this minimal amount of information translates to a much smaller 14 file size compared to large raster images which are defined pixel by pixel this said a vector graphic with a small file size is often said to lack detail compared with a real world photo correspondingly one can infinitely zoom in on e g a circle arc and it remains smooth on the other hand a polygon representing a curve will reveal being not really curved on zooming in lines and curves need not get wider proportionally often the width is either not increased or less than proportional on the other hand irregular curves represented by simple geometric shapes may be made proportionally wider when zooming in to keep them looking smooth and not like these geometric shapes the parameters of objects are stored and can be later modified this means that moving scaling rotating filling etc does not degrade the quality of a drawing moreover it is usual to specify the dimensions in device independent units which results in the best possible rasterization on raster devices from a 3 d perspective rendering shadows is also much more realistic with vector graphics as shadows can be abstracted into the rays of light from which they are formed this allows for photorealistic images and renderings for example consider a circle of radius r 15 the main pieces of information a program needs in order to draw this circle are an indication that what is to be drawn is a circle the radius r the location of the center point of the circle stroke line style and color possibly transparent fill style and color possibly transparent vector formats are not always appropriate in graphics work and also have numerous disadvantages 16 for example devices such as cameras and scanners produce essentially continuous tone raster graphics that are impractical to convert into vectors and so for this type of work an image editor will operate on the pixels rather than on drawing objects defined by mathematical expressions comprehensive graphics tools will combine images from vector and raster sources and may provide editing tools for both since some parts of an image could come from a camera source and others could have been drawn using vector tools some authors have criticized the term vector graphics as being confusing 17 18 in particular vector graphics does not simply refer to graphics described by euclidean vectors 19 some authors have proposed to use object oriented graphics instead 17 20 21 however this term can also be confusing as it can be read as any kind of graphics implemented using object oriented programming 17 vector operations edit vector graphics editors typically allow translation rotation mirroring stretching skewing affine transformations changing of z order loosely what s in front of what and combination of primitives into more complex objects 17 more sophisticated transformations include set operations on closed shapes union difference intersection etc 22 in svg the composition operations are based on alpha composition 23 vector graphics are ideal for simple or composite drawings that need to be device independent 24 or do not need to achieve photo realism for example the postscript and pdf page description languages use a vector graphics model vector image repositories edit many stock photo websites provide vectorized versions of hosted images while specific repositories specialize in vector images given their growing popularity among graphic designers 25 list of vector image repositories 26 repo company license vexels proprietary vectorstock proprietary vecteezy freemium freepik proprietary envato elements proprietary depositphotos proprietary see also edit animation anti grain geometry cairo graphics comparison of vector graphics editors comparison of graphics file formats computer aided design direct2d illustration javascript graphics library raster to vector raster graphics resolution independence thorvg turtle graphics vector game vector graphics file formats vector monitor vector network vector packs vexel wire frame model 3d modeling notes edit chapman nigel chapman jenny 2002 2000 digital multimedia wiley p 86 isbn 0 471 98386 1 kaufman arie 1993 rendering visualization and rasterization hardware springer science business media pp 86 87 isbn 978 3 540 56787 5 vector art files pastorhome retrieved march 1 2025 vector data models archived april 11 2022 at the wayback machine essentials of geographic information systems saylor academy 2012 bolstad paul 2008 gis fundamentals a first text on geographic information systems 3rd ed eider press p 37 murray 2002 pp 81 83 holzer derek april 2019 vector synthesis a media archaeological investigation into sound modulated light pdf thesis aalto university urn urn nbn fi aalto 201905193156 archived pdf from the original on april 18 2021 retrieved july 31 2020 kassem dalal october 15 2014 the sketchpad window thesis virginia polytechnic institute and state university hdl 10919 63920 retrieved september 18 2020 wolf mark j p 2008 the video game explosion a history from pong to playstation and beyond abc clio pp 67 71 isbn 978 0 313 33868 7 retrieved july 31 2020 peuquet donna j 1984 a conceptual framework and comparison of spatial data models cartographica 21 4 66 113 doi 10 3138 d794 n214 221r 23r5 archived october 24 2021 at the wayback machine gharachorloo et al 1989 p 355 vector raster graphics in offset printing olympus press december 6 2013 archived from the original on february 12 2014 retrieved june 16 2014 printing and exporting graphics coe unix network june 18 2002 retrieved june 16 2014 png vs svg what are the differences adobe retrieved december 12 2023 asciisvg easy mathematical vector graphics peter jipsen chapman university archived from the original on september 16 2013 retrieved june 16 2014 harris andy vector graphics welcome to wally archived from the original on may 18 2012 retrieved june 16 2014 1 2 3 4 chapman nigel chapman jenny 2002 2000 digital multimedia wiley p 70 isbn 0 471 98386 1 cs 354 vector graphics path rendering archived april 18 2020 at the wayback machine slide 7 by mark kilgard april 10 2012 university of texas at austin van der spuy rex 2010 advanced game design with flash apress p 306 isbn 978 1 4302 2739 7 landau ted 2000 sad macs bombs and other disasters 4th ed peachpit press p 409 isbn 978 0 201 69963 0 arntson amy 2011 graphic design basics 6th ed cengage learning p 194 isbn 978 1 133 41950 1 barr 1984 p 21 svg working group march 15 2011 svg compositing specification w3 archived from the original on august 7 2022 retrieved august 8 2022 qin zheng january 27 2009 vector graphics for real time 3d rendering pdf thesis university of waterloo p 1 hdl 10012 4262 archived pdf from the original on july 28 2020 retrieved july 28 2020 stock photos websites market report global forecast from 2023 to 2032 datasetsearch research google com april 2023 retrieved august 25 2024 says studyessay org march 21 2022 7 of the best vector sites for graphic designers spoon graphics retrieved august 25 2024 ref...