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lingthusiasm lingthusiasm episode 69 what we can must and toggle navigation home episodes about community merch search lingthusiasm episode 69 what we can must and should say about modals sometimes we use language to make definite statements about how the world is other times we get more hypothetical and talk about how things could be what can happen what may occur what might be the case what will happen or would if only we should have known what we must and shall end up with in other words we use a part of language known as modals and modality in this episode your hosts lauren gawne and gretchen mcculloch get enthusiastic about modals we talk about the nine common modals in english the gloriously named quasimodals no relation to the bellringer but i would absolutely read the quasimodo quasimodal crossover i m just saying and how people use the ambiguity between permission and believability in english modals for comic effect we also talk about neat things modals do in various languages in nsyilxcen the modal is a separate word whereas in nez perce it s an affix on the verb and in german there are also modal adverbs in italian sign language and american sign language the forcefulness of the modal such as the difference between should and must is indicated through having modals that are performed faster or larger or have a more intensive expression in how they re signed click here for a link to this episode in your podcast player of choice or read the transcript here announcements in this month s bonus episode we get enthusiastic about the word like we talk about why like falls prey to the frequency and recency illusions why linguists get excited about like and other function words and other important dispatches from the world of like apparently people who use like are perceived as more attractive join us on patreon to listen to this and 60 other bonus episodes you ll also get access to the lingthusiasm discord server where you can chat with other language nerds here are the links mentioned in this episode all things linguistic post about modals etymonline entry for could etymonline entry for must can we talk illustration of the ambiguity of modals all things linguistic post vexations of the can may distinction guinness world records post on the records it no longer monitors the malay modal mesti kroeger 2020 the german modal sollen herrmann 2013 semantics in indigenous american languages 1917 2017 and beyond by lisa matthewson on modality in georgian sign language gesl by tamar makharoblidze etymonline entry for mode lingthusiasm episode listen to the imperative episode which at a meta level is about mood which unfortunately isn t the same as mode we re very sorry about that blame the romans german modal particles and the common ground by fabian bross yale grammatical diversity project english in north america entry for multiple modals quasimodals all things linguistic post on double modals totem field storyboards superlinguo post on elicitation methods max planck institute for evolutionary anthropology department of linguistics modal questionnaire for cross linguistic use you can listen to this episode via lingthusiasm com soundcloud rss apple podcasts itunes spotify youtube or wherever you get your podcasts you can also download an mp3 via the soundcloud page for offline listening to receive an email whenever a new episode drops sign up for the lingthusiasm mailing list you can help keep lingthusiasm advertising free by supporting our patreon being a patron gives you access to bonus content our discord server and other perks lingthusiasm is on facebook tumblr instagram pinterest and twitter email us at contact at lingthusiasm dot com gretchen is on twitter as gretchenamcc and blogs at all things linguistic lauren is on twitter as superlinguo and blogs at superlinguo lingthusiasm is created by gretchen mcculloch and lauren gawne our senior producer is claire gawne our production editor is sarah dopierala our production assistant is martha tsutsui billins and our production manager is liz mccullough our music is ancient city by the triangles this episode of lingthusiasm is made available under a creative commons attribution non commercial share alike license cc 4 0 by nc sa 4 years ago 43 notes source soundcloud lingthusiasm share on facebook share on twitter share on pinterest share on google language linguistics lingthusiasm episodes episode 69 main episodes modals grammar verbs words modality morphosyntax parts of speech morphology syntax semantics nsyilxcen nez perce italian sign language american sign language german shatar aethelwynn reblogged this from lingthusiasm magichaddock liked this greentigerr liked this campoverdelima liked this wistfulcynic reblogged this from superlinguo wistfulcynic liked this thelittlestprincess7 liked this voicelessalveolartrill liked this inchoative weirdo liked this the mousy spell checker liked this imall4frogs liked this maris sol liked this superlinguo reblogged this from lingthusiasm daelenn liked this dangerousyako reblogged this from allthingslinguistic chernobyl liked this purple is great liked this maxwellshimbo liked this banatasu99 liked this the dasha liked this sonderous opia liked this causas memora liked this galacticmermaid liked this lettertoelise liked this glassheadphones liked this jellythefishhhh liked this pandaemoniumpancakes liked this tasyfa reblogged this from allthingslinguistic tasyfa liked this betterwithoutsense reblogged this from lingthusiasm areweperfectlywhelmedyet liked this 22yearstogether liked this betterwithoutsense liked this sjstone author reblogged this from allthingslinguistic verfound liked this francesca feasts reblogged this from allthingslinguistic francesca feasts liked this linlzs liked this kitewithfish liked this vroomiann liked this 29071830 liked this allthingslinguistic reblogged this from lingthusiasm peachycanton liked this lingthusiasm posted this previous post next post about lingthusiasm a podcast that s enthusiastic about linguistics by gretchen mcculloch and lauren gawne weird and deep conversations about the hidden language patterns that you didn t realize you were already making new episodes free the third thursday of the month 2016 2026 lingthusiasm search anything