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Text of the page (random words):
ipts rubblewebs php using im cli snibgo s imagemagick pages main imagemagick web site practical examples basic usage basic command and image handling image file handling reading and writing images common image formats handling gif jpeg and png images text to image handling converting text into images compound font effects font drawing styles and techniques annotating images labeling and overlaying images thumbnails and framing small reference images of large photos photo handling modifying photographs lens correction correcting photo distortions montage arrays of images image indexes and arrays layers of multiple images combining multiple images together animation basics creation and study of animations animation optimization making gif animations smaller animation modifications changing and merging animations video handling handling real life video images image comparing comparing two or more images advanced techniques complex manipulations of images background examples examples of creating random backgrounds repositories links links to other im scripts and info reference index quick index for specific options support scripts shell scripts used by examples basic techniques canvas creation creating canvas and background images color basics and channels low level color handling color modifications general color changes masking and background removal alpha channel and transparency handling color quantization and dithering reducing the number of colors cutting and bordering slicing dicing framing trimming resizing or scaling enlarging and shrinking images resampling filters controlling image resizing compositing images overlaying and merging two images drawing on images vector graphics mvg and svg images simple image warping flipping rotating twisting distorting images carnival house of mirrors image transformations drastic changes to the look of an image image mapping effects lens glass and ripple effects blurring and sharpening images blurring sharpening and shadows morphology of shapes using pixel neighbourhoods convolution of images weighted averaged neighbourhoods fourier transforms modifying images in the frequency domain anti aliasing anti aliasing effects and problems miscellaneous bits and pieces apis scripting building usage in other environments usage under windows im on windows pc development and bugs development proposals and bugs new and old legend for symbols used within example pages hint tips or extra info for more advanced users older version warnings test image storage directories small images image display photographs fancy index imagemagick examples introductory notes what is imagemagick a no holds barred summary imagemagick is designed for batch processing of images that is it allows you to combine image processing operations in a script shell dos perl php etc so the operations can be applied to many images or as a sub system of some other tool such as a web application video processing tool panorama generator etc it is not a gui image editor imagemagick is first of all an image to image converter that is what it was originally designed to do that is it will convert an image in just about any image format tell us if it can t to any other image format but it is also a library of image processing algorithms these can be access via the command line and shell dos scripts which these example pages demonstrate or via a large number of programming languages such as c c perl ruby php etc see imagemagick apis speed was never a major feature of im which places more emphasis on the quality of the images it generates that is not to say that it can t transform images in a reasonable amount of time it s just not blindingly fast because of this im can be slow to perform certain processing operations especially when attempting to compress images into image formats that have limited capabilities imagemagick concerns itself mainly with images in the form of a rectangular array of pixels commonly called a raster it will handle vector image formats like postscript or pdf but at the cost of converting those images into a raster when loading them and generating a vector image wrapper around the raster when saving it as a result vector images are often processed badly when using the default settings however specific options can be used to improve this situation see a word about vector image formats about these examples of imagemagick usage these pages were developed from and are a continuation of my collection of imagemagick hints and tips page i first started in 1993 and placed on the new fangled world wide web making its appearance around the same time information on many aspects of im and notes not included in these pages are still present in that document however while the present pages were designed for you to look at the hints and tips document was only for my own edification so it may be vague or chaotic in places you are welcome to look at it learn and make comments on it other examples were grabbed or developed from answers to users questions on he im forums or contributed to me as solutions to various problems i look forward to suggestions and e mail from other im users such e mail generally results in improvements and expansions to these example pages command line environments all examples are written for use on unix and specifically gnu linux systems using bash scripting as a consequence some examples use shell for do loops most examples use a backslash at the end of a line to continue that command on the next line the longer commands are broken into separate lines to try to further highlight the steps being applied however you can still use these examples from pc windows batch scripts with some changes to the handling of certain characters with some slight adaptation the examples can also be run directly from system calls in php scripts see windows usage and apis and scripting for more information on using the imagemagick commands in these alternative environments contributions and test examples are welcome perlmagick and other apis it should also be possible to adapt any of these examples to use the im api from languages such as perl c c ruby php and so on i recommend trying things out on the command line first until you get them right and then converting the operations to the specific api you are using although the situation has improved enormously with im version 6 the command line really only deals with a single image sequence at any one time however apis do not have this limitation and allow you to manipulate multiple image sequences separately or together to perform more complex operations this ability makes it simpler to implement these examples using the im api and removes the need to save images as temporary files as many of the command line examples require when using an api only permanent and semi permanent images need be saved to disk basically let the example pages give you a start to let you see what is possible with imagemagick then formulate what you want to do on the command line before coding the operations in scripts and api code where it is harder to make extensive changes i also recommend that you comment your api code heavily adding the command line equivalents to what you are trying to do if possible that way you can check and compare the results against those using the command line this lets you debug problems that you may come across later especially as improvements are made to image processing in the core imagemagick library downloading input images and results as much as possible i try to use images built into im such as logo or rose as input images for im example commands or to generate input images using im commands i also often re use the output of previous commands in later examples because of this you usually don t need to download any test images in order to try out the examples yourself however such generated or built in images are not always convenient so when i do use an external image i tend to re use that input image or the results of previous examples for later examples in that section sometimes the original source image will be displayed or for larger images a link to the source image is provided more commonly only the final resulting image will be shown as the input is well known or obvious almost all the im example commands shown are executed in the same web directory in which they appear that is the command you see is the command that was actually used to generate the image because of this you can modify the page s url to download or view the input image s used by an example extra copies of the external source images have also been placed in the images and img_photos sub directories see also the example of a fancy photo index of those images if text output or image information is produced by an example it is saved to a text file and an image of it is generated for display on the web page selecting the text output image will link you to a copy of the actual text output by the command in all these examples selecting the output image should let you download the image which was actually created by the example command but be warned not all browsers understand all image formats used external image sources by the way most of the source images used in these examples come from anthony s icon library particularly the background tiles large clip art and dragons sections of the library i like dragons aside these pages may be offline as the web site slowly moves to a new server this library actually predates the www i created it in 1991 due to the lack of good clean iconic images for use on the x window system the advent of the www has of course changed this but my original library still exists and remains available as a source of images even though it is not actively growing some specific images and larger images are contributed by the authors of specific examples the authors of such examples are listed in the contributed section or at the bottom of the page if you are looking for a specific image i recommend using google image search or similar to find something appropriate you can of course convert or resize such images using im for your own purposes however you should be careful about copyright if you plan to use such images commercially png images on web pages in many examples i use an image in png format such as that shown to the right of this text the png image format supports images with semi transparent pixels a feature few other image formats provide it is also a very well understood image format and as such is usable by most of today s image programs and web browsers some web browsers however do not handle transparent png images correctly most notably microsoft internet explorer v6 because of this i generally use the jpeg and gif formats for images on the web and only use the png format when generating images with semi transparent pixels or when exact colors are needed for later examples to allow ie v6 browsers to display png images i use a special style sheet using complex javascript for information on this see png with transparency for ie technically this is only problem with ie not imagemagick displaying images on your screen display problems can also occur when displaying images on screen because of this i recommend using a command like the following to tile a checkerboard pattern underneath the image to highlight any transparent or semi transparent pixels in it magick composite compose dst_over tile pattern checkerboard image png x the image displayed in the above example is a special png format test image which was generated using a shell script normally the command would output the results to your display not onto a web page like this if you look carefully you can see the checkerboard pattern though the semi transparent colors however the image as a whole is fully opaque so this technique should work on all displays web browsers and image viewers as of im v6 0 2 the magick display program performs something like this automatically however it does not seem to handle images using color tables i e gif in this way using the x output image format as above causes an image to be displayed directly to the screen without having to save it see show output display for more information font usage the fonts i use in these examples are from a small collection of truetype fonts i have found over the years and saved for my own use some of these are under copyright so i cannot publish them online you are however welcome to substitute other fonts that you have available the examples should work perhaps with some changes to image size with any appropriate font you have available on your system microsoft arial font or even times bolditalic should work on most systems to see what fonts are currently available to your version of im run the following command magick list font warning if the font requested is not found imagemagick used to silently substitute a default font typically arial or times it still does this but a warning is now given so test the font beforehand to make sure that it is the one you want and not the default font on my linux system i use a special perl script imagick_type_gen to generate a file type xml saved in the magick sub directory of my home directory imagemagick uses that file which contains a font list in xml format to find fonts the script locate s run updatedb first if you have just added new fonts and describes all the fonts available on my system with this setup i only need to specify the name of the font i want to use and not the full path to a specific font file for example instead of using the command magick font home lib font truetype favorite candice ttf pointsize 72 label anthony anthony gif i can use the simpler font label magick font candice pointsize 72 label anthony anthony gif before im v6 1 2 3 the type xml file was named type mgk if you are using an earlier version of im the fonts used in these im examples are listed in a montage of example fonts example my personal favorite is candice so it gets used quite a bit if you also like the candice font or any of the other fonts i use grab them from free fonts or 1001 fonts com example page updates these example pages are in an on going cycle of improvement generally i find i stop adding to these pages for long periods of time when my interests become focused on other things often these examples are re built using the latest beta release of im allowing me to see changes and bugs that may appear in each version of im before it is generally released however the example images shown are what the given im command produces on my system if you get something different your im is probably a much older version with old bugs or is not correctly installed note that e mailing me or discussing some aspect of imagemagick on the discussions forum will generally result in new examples or whole new sections being added to these examples the more discussion there is the better the examples become if you are ...