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r last n editor first n aliases editor n last editor surname n or editor n surname editor n first editor given n or editor n given editor n for an individual editor plus an institutional editor you can use editor first1 editor last1 editor2 editor link title of existing wikipedia article about the editor not the editor s website do not wikilink aliases editor link1 or for multiple editors use editor link1 through editor link n alias editor n link name list style accepts a limited list of keywords as value when set to amp ampersand or inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list when set to and inserts the conjunction and between the last two names of a name list when set to vanc displays name lists in vancouver style when the lists use the last first forms of name parameters veditors comma separated list of editor names in vancouver style enclose corporate or institutional names in doubled parentheses end with etal if appropriate veditors smythe jb megabux corp etal editor link n and editor mask n may be used for the individual names in veditors as described above display use display editors to control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when et al is included if authors authors are first followed by the included work then in and the editors then the main work if no authors editors appear before the included work a single editor is followed by ed multiple editors are followed by eds lay summary these parameters are deprecated if the source that they name is important to the wikipedia article create a separate cs1 2 template for that source lay url deprecated url link to a non technical summary or review of the source the url title is set to lay summary lay source deprecated name of the source of the lay summary displays in italics and preceded by a spaced endash lay date deprecated date of the lay summary displays in parentheses lay format deprecated file format of the work referred to by lay url for example pdf doc or xls displayed in parentheses after lay summary html is implied and should not be specified file format annotation is automatically rendered when a pdf icon is displayed does not change the external link icon note external link icons do not include alt text thus they do not add file format information for the visually impaired see using format display options mode sets element separator default terminal punctuation and certain capitalization according to the value provided for mode cs1 element separator and terminal punctuation is a period where appropriate initial letters of certain words are capitalized retrieved for mode cs2 element separator is a comma terminal punctuation is omitted where appropriate initial letters of certain words are not capitalized retrieved to override default terminal punctuation use postscript author mask contributor mask editor mask interviewer mask subject mask translator mask replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text set name mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide set name mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator for example with the numeric value 0 is a special case to be used in conjunction with name link in this case the value of name link will be used as linked text in either case you must still include the values for all names for metadata purposes primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as shortened footnotes do not use in a list generated by reflist references or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter e g author n mask to apply the mask to a specific name display authors display contributors display editors display interviewers display subjects display translators controls the number of author or editor names that are displayed when a citation is published to change the displayed number of names set display authors and or display editors to the desired number for example display authors 2 will display only the first two authors in a citation and not affect the display of editors likewise display editors 2 will display only the first two editors and all authors display authors 0 and display editors 0 are special cases suppressing the display of all authors or editors including the et al by default all authors and editors are displayed display authors etal displays all authors in the list followed by et al aliases none postscript controls the closing punctuation for a citation defaults to a period for no terminating punctuation specify postscript none leaving postscript empty is the same as omitting it but is ambiguous additional text or templates that render more than a single terminating punctuation character will generate a maintenance message postscript is ignored if quote is defined subscription or registration required citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in wikipedia as documented in verifiability access to sources as a courtesy to readers and other editors editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation these levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse or the copyright status of the material since that status is not relevant to verifying claims in articles four access levels can be used access indicator for named identifiers free the source is free to read for anyone from the viewpoint of the provider of the source could still be blocked by client side filtering or safeguarding or distributor based geoblocking access indicators for url holding parameters registration a free registration with the provider of the source is required to access the source even if a limited preview abstract or review may still be available without registration limited there are other constraints such as a cap on daily views a restriction to certain day or night times or providing the contents only to certain ip ranges locales on behalf of the provider of the source to freely access this source as a whole subscription the source as a whole is only accessible via a paid subscription with the provider of the source paywall even if a limited preview abstract or review may still be available without subscription as there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation each value is attributed to a specific external link access indicators for url holding parameters online sources linked by url article url chapter url contribution url entry url map url and section url are presumed to be free to read when they are not free to read editors should mark those sources with the matching access indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation because the sources linked by these url holding parameters are presumed to be free to read they may not be marked as free url holding and access indicator parameters url access allowed keywords url url access registration limited subscription article url article url access chapter url chapter url access contribution url contribution url access entry url entry url access map url map url access section url section url access for example this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription cite web url https example com nifty_data php url access registration date 2021 04 15 title nifty example data which renders as nifty example data 2021 04 15 access indicator for named identifiers links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier exceptions listed below when they are free to read editors should mark those sources with the matching access indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation when the sources linked by these named identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free to read full text for instance because they re just abstracting services they may not be marked as limited registration or subscription named identifier and access indicator parameters identifier access allowed keywords bibcode bibcode access free doi doi access hdl hdl access jstor jstor access ol ol access osti osti access s2cid s2cid access some named identifiers are always free to read for those named identifiers there are no access indicator parameters the access level is automatically indicated by the template these named identifiers are arxiv biorxiv citeseerx pmc rfc ssrn for embargoed pmc that will become available in the future see pmc embargo date templatedata see template cite book templatedata citation tools main page help citation tools citer a web tool that converts a doi isbn pmid pmcid oclc or google books url into a citation and shortened footnote doi and google books citation maker a web tool for generating filled citation templates via dois and google books urls v t e citation style 1 general templates cite book books cite conference conference papers cite encyclopedia edited collections cite interview interviews cite journal academic journals cite magazine magazines cite mailing list public mailing lists cite map maps cite news news articles cite newsgroup online newsgroups cite press release press releases cite report unpublished reports cite sign signs plaques cite speech speeches cite techreport technical reports cite thesis theses cite web web sources preprint templates cite arxiv cite biorxiv cite citeseerx cite ssrn audiovisual related cite av media cite av media notes cite episode cite podcast cite serial categories citation style 1 templates citation style 1 specific source templates documentation citation style documentation citation style 1 noticeboard v t e wikipedia referencing policies and guidelines verifiability no original research biographies of living persons reliable sources medicine citing sources scientific citations general advice citation needed find sources combining sources offline sources referencing styles citing sources citation style 1 citation style 2 citation style vancouver lsa comics citation templates reflist template inline citations footnotes punctuation and footnotes shortened footnotes nesting footnotes help for beginners reference tags citations quick reference introduction to referencing referencing with citation templates referencing without using templates referencing dos and don ts citing wikipedia advanced help cite link labels citation tools cite errors cite messages converting between references formats reference display customization references and page numbers guidance on source reviewing at fac template documentation edit refs refref refref2 refstart tools wikipedia library deprecated parenthetical referencing this template produces coins metadata see coins in wikipedia for background information the above documentation is transcluded from template cite book doc edit history editors can experiment in this template s sandbox edit diff and testcases edit pages add categories to the doc subpage subpages of this template templatedata this is the templatedata for this template used by templatewizard visualeditor and other tools click here to see a monthly parameter usage report for this template based on this templatedata templatedata for cite book this template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information such as author and title as well as various formatting options template parameters this template has custom formatting parameter description type status last name last last1 author author1 author1 last author last surname1 author last1 subject1 surname author last subject the surname of the author don t wikilink use author link instead can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors string suggested first name first given author first first1 given1 author first1 author1 first given or first name middle names or initials of the author don t wikilink use author link instead can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors string suggested url url url the url of the online location where the text of the publication can be found requires schemes of the type http or maybe even the protocol relative scheme example https books google com books id url optional title title the title of the book displays in italics string required title link title link title of existing wikipedia article about the source named in title do not use a web address do not wikilink page name optional vancouver style author list vauthors if using vancouver style comma separated list of author names enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses example smythe jb megabux corporation string optional last name 2 last2 author2 surname2 author last2 author2 last subject2 the surname of the second author don t wikilink use author link2 instead can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors string optional first name 2 first2 given2 author first2 author2 first given or first name middle names or initials of the second author don t wikilink use author link2 instead can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors string optional last name 3 last3 author3 surname3 author last3 author3 last subject3 the surname of the third author don t wikilink use author link3 instead string optional first name 3 first3 given3 author first3 author3 first given or first name middle names or initials of the third author don t wikilink string optional last name 4 last4 author4 surname4 author last4 author4 last subject4 the surname of the fourth author don t wikilink use author link4 instead string optional first name 4 first4 given4 author first4 author4 first given or first name middle names or initials of the fourth author don t wikilink string optional last name 5 last5 author5 surname5 author last5 author5 last subject5 the surname of the fifth author don t wikilink use author link5 instead string optional first name 5 first5 given5 author first5 author5 first given or first name middle names or initials of the fifth author don t wikilink string optional last name 6 last6 author6 surname6 author last6 author6 last subject6 the surname of the sixth author don t wikilink use author link6 instead string optional first name 6 first6 given6 author first6 author6 first given or first name middle names or initials of the sixth author don t wikilink string optional last name 7 last7 author7 surname7 author last7 author7 last subject7 the surname of the seventh author don t wikilink use author link7 instead string optional first name 7 first7 given7 author first7 author7 first given or first name middle names or initials of the seventh author don t wikilink string optional last name 8 last8 author8 surname8 author last8 author8 last subject8 the surname of the eighth author don t wikilink use author link8 ins...