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atmospheric phenomena skip to main skip to sidebar atmospheric phenomena of recently observed interesting atmospheric phenomena around the world sunday may 15 2011 new adress the blog is moved the new adress is http blog meteoros de posted by claudia hinz at 6 47 pm no comments thursday april 21 2011 high order bows a rainbow is a product of millions of falling raindrops interacting with sunlight a single reflection form the primary bow a double reflection forms the secondary bow however under ideal conditions there can be many more orders of reflection as shown above five six and even ten internal reflections can be observed moreover it s theoretically possible to detect twenty internal reflections but the problem is to produce a perfectly spherical water droplet the drops i used for this experiment were formed artificially the light source is a 5 mw green laser pointer note that the bright spot at left center is the laser illuminated water drop the third and fourth order reflections aren t shown here because they along with the seventh and eighth order reflections are positioned on the other side of the picture in the direction of the light source the primary and secondary bows will be viewed in the direction you re facing opposite the sun the fifth sixth ninth and tenth order reflections are also in this direction however the third and fourth as well as the seventh and eighth order reflections can t be seen because they re behind you under exceptional atmospheric conditions it may be feasible to see the third and fourth order bows if you re facing the sun but they re quite faint a third order bow for instance is one quarter as bright as a primary bow a fifth order rainbow is only about one tenth as intense as the primary bow if you need more information about the experiments with high order bows you can read this pdf nikon d40x focal length 18mm 100 iso 2 5 sec at f 6 3 author michael großmann kämpfelbach germany posted by michael großmann at 9 24 pm no comments tuesday november 23 2010 rays across the sky the photo features an array of anticrepuscular rays as observed in kämpfelbach near karsruhe germany on july 31 2010 i will never forget this sight sunset was fast approaching and i first noticed faint crepuscular rays above the western horizon just after sundown the rays could be seen stretching across the sky from west to east on this photo montage east is at left center and west at far right this display lasted for about ten minutes to add to the show the rosy glow of earth s rising shadow belt of venus and the shadow band itself were visible just above the eastern horizon left center these anticrepuscular and crepuscular rays were cast by clouds below the western horizon viewing perspective makes the rays seem to converge toward the horizon though they re actually parallel photo details nikon d40x camera 16 pictures in vertical order focus length 18 mm f 3 5 1 60 second exposure time iso 100 posted by michael großmann at 8 28 pm no comments lightning the photo showing a classic cloud to ground lightning strike and a cloud to cloud bolt as well was taken at kämpfelbach near karlsruhe southwest of germany on august 22 2010 temperatures reached the mid 80s f 25 28 c here by late afternoon shortly before a weather front and accompanying thunderstorm blasted through the lightning was quite intense with this storm i estimated 10 15 flashes per minute cloud to ground electrical discharges are typically observed when the base of the cloud is negatively charged and the ground is positively charged on the other hand cloud to cloud inter cloud and intra cloud lightning occurs most often when the top of the cloud is positively charged and the base negatively charged photo details nikon d40x camera f 9 1 6 second exposure time 18mm focus length 100 iso posted by michael großmann at 7 10 pm no comments dew bow the photo above showing a sprightly dew bow was captured in a moist field crop at kämpfelbach germany on the night october 22 2010 since the photo was taken at night the illuminating source is the almost full moon which is directly opposite of the dew bow at the anti lunar point the mechanics of a dew bow are similar to that of a rainbow moonlight is refracted and reflected within the dew drops the city lights in the background are karlsruhe photo details canon eos 450d camera f 4 focal length 8 mm iso 100 exposure time 30 seconds 3 photos stitched together posted by michael großmann at 7 02 pm no comments saturday july 10 2010 discontinuous rainbow this is an older observation from last year i made it at the langmuir laboratory for atmospheric research on a mountaintop in central new mexico usa at about 10 500 feet altitude above msl the photos look to the east northeast the rainbow occurs in a storm that is receding and drifting to the east and has just passed sawmill canyon in the foreground the mountain ridge on the photo is called timber ridge and most of the heavier rainfall is on the other side of that the much finer mist like droplets near the trailing end of the storm are still falling in the canyon and create a rainbow that has a smaller radius and is a little wider than an ordinary bow that occurs in larger raindrops the effect is very obvious but requires a fairly specific landscape setting to be seen the photos were taken on july 27 2009 using a nikon d700 camera times below are local time mdt photo 1 the effect is just beginning to occur 18 37 50 pm 36 mm focal length iso 800 1 160 sec at f 6 3 photo 2 effect strongest 18 43 17 pm 38 mm focal length 800 iso 1 250 sec at f 8 photo 3 the rainbow in canyon is disappearing and still shows a discontinuity also note that the foot of the rainbow beyond the canyon is not following the circle but appears to kink i e the radius is getting larger at lower altitude maybe due to drops coalescing and increasing in size as they fall 18 45 11 pm 48 mm focal length 200 iso 1 125 sec at f 5 6 all three photos have not been cropped modified or enhanced in any way posted by harald edens at 5 18 pm 1 comment wednesday may 19 2010 bird feather iridescence while taking a walk through the surroundings of my home on february 20 2010 i took the most of the nice weather by taking some last winter photographs at 10 09 27 cet a small covey of about 15 siskins carduelis spinus flew off an alder in front of me and passed me to the right seen from my position they directly passed in front of the sun i took some photographs with my sony dslr a 700 and a minolta lens 4 300 mm the exposure time was 1 8000 second at an aperture of 32 and iso 200 further settings of the camera were programme serial photographs automatic white balancing and integral measurement stressed on the centre of the picture in the original photograph the sun is almost at the centre of the photograph the precedent image of the series was exposed for about 1 4000 second at an aperture of 16 that picture is brighter a small part of the sun can be seen at the right rim of the photograph and the iridescence in the feathers looks rather faint author rene winter eschenbergen germany posted by claudia hinz at 5 04 pm 3 comments monday april 19 2010 influences of the mt eyjafjallajökull eruption on the atmosphere in the morning of april 11 mt eyjafjallajökull a volcano which is covered by a glacier erupted in the southwest of iceland its cloud of ashes rises up to altitudes of 10 12 kms and has been shifted towards central europe by a northerly airstream since thursday animation the ash particles are slowly sinking downwards in the air obstructing aviation in many places in the atmosphere they dim the light photos c hinz 1 2 3 and make bishop s ring visible photo p krämer which is caused by light refraction on the aerosoles in high levels of the atmosphere the particles act as additional nuclei for condensation on which humidity which under normal circumstances is not sufficient for cloud formation freezes and forms ice crystals generating so called invisible cirrus clouds size and or density of the ice crystals is in most cases not high enough to make the clouds visible but their existence can be proved by the formation of faint halos such as sun pillars photo ina rendtel sundogs photo reinhard nitze or the 22 halo photo brigitte rauch there are still doubts regarding the appearance of the colourful twilight effects known from the eruption of mt sarychev measurements with a lidar effected by the hohenpeissenberg meteorological observatory have shown that most of the aerosoles are at altitudes between 3 000 and 7 000 meters a heavy rainshower should be enough to wash them out of the atmosphere and make the air clean again an elevated concentration of sulphuric acid which after the eruption of mt sarychev formed several layers at different altitudes and caused beautiful purple light and afterglow effects has not been measured at all probably the so2 ejected by mt eyjafjallajökull is chemically combined to water at the moment when the ash cloud is formed the explosions however are generated by the contact of lava with ice and every time a part of the glacier falls into the lava there is plenty of water provided for such a reaction authors claudia hinz peter krämer and wolfgang hamburg posted by claudia hinz at 1 29 pm 2 comments friday april 16 2010 double rainbow and reflected rainbow when i wanted to go to work in the morning of february 24 2010 i noticed a colourful rainbow forming during a short local rainshower at first the weather had been fine that morning and ist was almost calm but then some rain clouds came up from the southwest and started to cover the sky the sun was shining brightly at that hour about one hour after sunrise and made the rainbow shine in especially bright colours so i hurried to get my camera and started to make some photographs while i was taking pictures i was astonished to see a third bow forming which intersected with the secondary bow at the first moment i thought that there was something wrong with my eyes but i could see it also when i looked at the pictures already taken on the camera display i was excited although i could not make head or tail of it i had never seen such a thing before later as i searched the world wide web for an explanation i learned that the phenomenon must have been caused by a reflection but the reason for the phenomenon was still not clear as there was nothing between me and the rainbow that could have reflected any light only much later i could solve the mystery the reflection was caused by the hallwilersee lake hallwil which was at about 3 kms behind the position where i had taken the pictures that day the lake cannot be seen from the place where i saw the rainbow as there is a hill between the lake and that place so i did not take this possibility into consideration at first the position and elevation of the sun my position towards the lake and the distance from the lake fitted perfectly that morning to form this rare phenomenon for a few moments author matthias frei dürrenäsch canton aargau switzerland posted by claudia hinz at 7 34 pm 1 comment friday april 02 2010 bishop s ring last sunday march 28 i went up on the magdalena mountains in central new mexico to pick up two instruments from the laboratory there and saw what would qualify as bishop s ring around the sun for most part of the day the mountain ridge lies at an altitude of about 10 500 feet above sea level the sky was very clear and dry and there was light wind at the time one of the photos i took is shown to the right it was taken with a nikon d700 with a 24 70 2 8 af s lens set at 24mm focal length and f 13 aperture to the eye the ring had a pronounced blue aureole with brown outer ring i think the altitude of the observation rules out low altitude aerosols being responsible the central blueish aureole was relatively small it was only a couple degrees in diameter i estimate the radius of the outer brown ring to have been about 10 to 15 degrees although the atmosphere was stable and quiet at the time i saw the ring the southwest of the usa including new mexico has had very strong winds and dust storms over the past week in general the spring months see many strong windstorms in this area i believe the ring was caused by fine dust in the upper atmosphere and not from volcanic activity somewhere posted by harald edens at 7 36 pm 1 comment older posts home subscribe to posts atom your observation if you have observed one of the atmospheric phenomena listed up here you can write to this address or contact one of the blog contributors blog archive 2011 2 may 1 new adress april 1 2010 15 november 3 july 1 may 1 april 3 march 2 february 3 january 2 2009 20 november 3 september 2 august 3 july 4 june 1 april 1 february 2 january 4 2008 22 october 1 september 1 august 5 june 1 may 2 april 2 march 1 february 7 january 2 2007 34 december 3 november 5 october 2 september 12 august 2 april 4 march 2 february 3 january 1 2006 46 december 1 november 2 october 9 september 7 august 1 july 1 june 5 may 19 april 1 reference pages arbeitskreis meteore e v germany atmospheric optical phenomena section finland atmospheric optics by les cowley optics of the atmosphere czech halo reports