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remote services ssh sub technique t1021 004 enterprise mitre att ck matrices enterprise mobile ics tactics enterprise mobile ics techniques enterprise mobile ics defenses mitigations enterprise mobile ics assets detections detection strategies analytics data components cti groups software campaigns resources get started learn more about att ck att ck advisory council att ckcon att ck data tools faq engage with att ck version history updates legal branding benefactors contribute blog search att ckcon 7 0 in person tickets are open join us october 27 28 2026 in mclean va register here for in person tickets hotel and location details can be found in the faq home techniques enterprise remote services ssh remote services ssh other sub techniques of remote services 8 id name t1021 001 remote desktop protocol t1021 002 smb windows admin shares t1021 003 distributed component object model t1021 004 ssh t1021 005 vnc t1021 006 windows remote management t1021 007 cloud services t1021 008 direct cloud vm connections adversaries may use valid accounts to log into remote machines using secure shell ssh the adversary may then perform actions as the logged on user ssh is a protocol that allows authorized users to open remote shells on other computers many linux and macos versions come with ssh installed by default although typically disabled until the user enables it on esxi ssh can be enabled either directly on the host e g via vim cmd hostsvc enable_ssh or via vcenter 1 2 3 the ssh server can be configured to use standard password authentication or public private keypairs in lieu of or in addition to a password in this authentication scenario the user s public key must be in a special file on the computer running the server that lists which keypairs are allowed to login as that user i e ssh authorized keys id t1021 004 sub technique of t1021 ⓘ tactic lateral movement ⓘ platforms esxi linux macos contributors janantha marasinghe version 1 3 created 11 february 2020 last modified 12 may 2026 version permalink live version procedure examples id name description g0087 apt39 apt39 used secure shell ssh to move laterally among their targets 4 g1023 apt5 apt5 has used ssh for lateral movement in compromised environments including for enabling access to esxi host servers 5 g0143 aquatic panda aquatic panda used ssh with captured user credentials to move laterally in victim environments 6 g0098 blacktech blacktech has used putty for remote access 7 c0032 c0032 during the c0032 campaign temp veles relied on encrypted ssh based tunnels to transfer tools and for remote command program execution 8 s0154 cobalt strike cobalt strike can ssh to a remote service 9 10 c0029 cutting edge during cutting edge threat actors used ssh for lateral movement 11 s0363 empire empire contains modules for executing commands over ssh as well as in memory vnc agent injection 12 g1016 fin13 fin13 has remotely accessed compromised environments via secure shell ssh for lateral movement 13 g0046 fin7 fin7 has used ssh to move laterally through victim environments 14 g0117 fox kitten fox kitten has used the putty and plink tools for lateral movement 15 g0036 gcman gcman uses putty for lateral movement 16 g0119 indrik spider indrik spider has used ssh for lateral movement 17 s0599 kinsing kinsing has used ssh for lateral movement 18 g0032 lazarus group lazarus group used ssh and the putty pscp utility to gain access to a restricted segment of a compromised network 19 g0065 leviathan leviathan used ssh for internal reconnaissance 20 c0049 leviathan australian intrusions leviathan used ssh brute force techniques to move laterally within victim environments during leviathan australian intrusions 21 g0045 menupass menupass has used putty secure copy client pscp to transfer data 22 g0049 oilrig oilrig has used putty to access compromised systems 23 s1242 qilin qilin can enable ssh access on esxi hosts 24 s1187 regeorg regeorg can communicate using ssh through an http tunnel 25 g0106 rocke rocke has spread its coinminer via ssh 26 g1045 salt typhoon salt typhoon has modified the loopback address on compromised switches and used them as the source of ssh connections to additional devices within the target environment allowing them to bypass access control lists acls 27 g1015 scattered spider scattered spider has used ssh to move laterally in victim environments and to access the vsphere vcenter server gui 28 29 g1046 storm 1811 storm 1811 has used openssh to establish an ssh tunnel to victims for persistent access 30 g0139 teamtnt teamtnt has used ssh to connect back to victim machines 31 teamtnt has also used ssh to transfer tools and payloads onto victim hosts and execute them 32 g1048 unc3886 unc3886 has established remote ssh access to targeted esxi hosts 33 34 mitigations id mitigation description m1042 disable or remove feature or program disable the ssh daemon on systems that do not require it especially esxi servers for macos ensure remote login is disabled under sharing preferences 35 m1032 multi factor authentication require multi factor authentication for ssh connections wherever possible such as password protected ssh keys m1018 user account management limit which user accounts are allowed to login via ssh detection strategy id name analytic id analytic description det0596 behavioral detection of remote ssh logins followed by post login execution an1638 ssh login from a remote system via sshd followed by user context execution of suspicious binaries or privilege escalation behavior an1639 ssh login detected via unified logs followed by unusual process execution especially outside normal user behavior patterns an1640 ssh login via hostd or var log auth log followed by cli access to host shell or file manipulation in restricted areas references zhongyuan hau aaron ren jie yow and yoav mazor 2025 january 21 esxi ransomware attacks stealthy persistence through retrieved march 27 2025 junestherry dela cruz 2022 january 24 analysis and impact of lockbit ransomware s first linux and vmware esxi variant retrieved march 26 2025 abigail see zhongyuan aaron hau ren jie yow yoav mazor omer kidron and oren biderman 2025 february 4 the anatomy of abyss locker ransomware attack retrieved april 4 2025 hawley et al 2019 january 29 apt39 an iranian cyber espionage group focused on personal information retrieved february 19 2019 perez d et al 2021 may 27 re checking your pulse updates on chinese apt actors compromising pulse secure vpn devices retrieved february 5 2024 crowdstrike 2023 2022 falcon overwatch threat hunting report retrieved may 20 2024 threat intelligence 2020 september 29 palmerworm espionage gang targets the media finance and other sectors retrieved march 25 2022 miller s et al 2019 april 10 triton actor ttp profile custom attack tools detections and att ck mapping retrieved april 16 2019 cobalt strike 2017 december 8 tactics techniques and procedures retrieved november 17 2024 strategic cyber llc 2020 november 5 cobalt strike advanced threat tactics for penetration testers retrieved april 13 2021 meltzer m et al 2024 january 10 active exploitation of two zero day vulnerabilities in ivanti connect secure vpn retrieved february 27 2024 schroeder w warner j nelson m n d github powershellempire retrieved april 28 2016 ta v et al 2022 august 8 fin13 a cybercriminal threat actor focused on mexico retrieved february 9 2023 loui e and reynolds j 2021 august 30 carbon spider embraces big game hunting part 1 retrieved september 20 2021 cisa 2020 september 15 iran based threat actor exploits vpn vulnerabilities retrieved december 21 2020 kaspersky lab s global research analysis team 2016 february 8 apt style bank robberies increase with metel gcman and carbanak 2 0 attacks retrieved april 20 2016 mandiant intelligence 2022 june 2 to hades and back unc2165 shifts to lockbit to evade sanctions retrieved july 29 2024 singer g 2020 april 3 threat alert kinsing malware attacks targeting container environments retrieved april 1 2021 vyacheslav kopeytsev and seongsu park 2021 february 25 lazarus targets defense industry with threatneedle retrieved october 27 2021 plan f et al 2019 march 4 apt40 examining a china nexus espionage actor retrieved march 18 2019 cisa et al 2024 july 8 people s republic of china prc ministry of state security apt40 tradecraft in action retrieved february 3 2025 pwc and bae systems 2017 april operation cloud hopper retrieved april 5 2017 unit42 2016 may 1 evasive serpens unit 42 playbook viewer retrieved february 6 2023 takeda t et al 2025 october 26 uncovering qilin attack methods exposed through multiple cases retrieved march 26 2026 fortigard labs 2019 march 12 regeorg http tunnel retrieved december 3 2024 anomali labs 2019 march 15 rocke evolves its arsenal with a new malware family written in golang retrieved april 24 2019 cisco talos 2025 february 20 weathering the storm in the midst of a typhoon retrieved february 24 2025 mandiant incident response 2025 may 6 defending against unc3944 cybercrime hardening guidance from the frontlines retrieved october 13 2025 mandiant incident response 2025 july 23 from help desk to hypervisor defending your vmware vsphere estate from unc3944 retrieved october 13 2025 microsoft threat intelligence 2024 may 15 threat actors misusing quick assist in social engineering attacks leading to ransomware retrieved march 14 2025 fishbein n 2020 september 8 attackers abusing legitimate cloud monitoring tools to conduct cyber attacks retrieved september 22 2021 darin smith 2022 april 21 teamtnt targeting aws alibaba retrieved august 4 2022 alexander marvi brad slaybaugh ron craft and rufus brown 2023 june 13 vmware esxi zero day used by chinese espionage actor to perform privileged guest operations on compromised hypervisors retrieved march 26 2025 marvi a et al 2023 march 16 fortinet zero day and custom malware used by suspected chinese actor in espionage operation retrieved march 22 2023 sarah edwards 2020 april 30 analysis of apple unified logs quarantine edition entry 6 working from home remote logins retrieved august 19 2021 core objects all core att ck objects all none matrices tactics techniques sub techniques defenses all defenses all none mitigations assets detection strategies analytics data components cti all cti all none groups software campaigns reference all reference all none resources domains all domains all none enterprise mobile ics reset filters contact us terms of use privacy policy website changelog cookie preferences 2015 2026 the mitre corporation mitre att ck and att ck are registered trademarks of the mitre corporation