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Text of the page (random words):
ues and principles much of the discussion around agile has to do with following different practices using various methodologies and even developing with specific tools for example while a team may find that having a daily standup is helpful the standup is only agile to the extent that it is the result of a team following the agile principles and values when you understand this it is easy to see that agile is really a collection of beliefs that teams can use for making decisions about how to do the work of developing software while this means the term agile gets subjected to a great deal of abuse when people claim that this or that is the way to be agile it also means that if you truly understand what agile is it is surprisingly flexible agile doesn t make decisions for you instead it gives a foundation for teams to make decisions that result in better software development agile manifesto the agile manifesto is only 68 words and very simply says that the signers have found that they can develop software better by valuing the items on the left side of the list more than the items on the right side below is the agile manifesto we are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it through this work we have come to value individuals and interactions over processes and tools working software over comprehensive documentation customer collaboration over contract negotiation responding to change over following a plan that is while there is value in the items on the right we value the items on the left more agile principles in addition to the values of the manifesto there are 12 principles that support the values once again the principles are very general and are less about telling you what to do than they are about giving you the ability to make a good decision in a particular situation the principles are our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software welcome changing requirements even late in development agile processes harness change for the customer s competitive advantage deliver working software frequently from a couple of weeks to a couple of months with a preference to the shorter timescale business people and developers must work together daily throughout the project build projects around motivated individuals give them the environment and support they need and trust them to get the job done the most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is face to face conversation working software is the primary measure of progress agile processes promote sustainable development the sponsors developers and users should be able to maintain a constant pace indefinitely continuous attention to technical excellence and good design enhances agility simplicity the art of maximizing the amount of work not done is essential the best architectures requirements and designs emerge from self organizing teams at regular intervals the team reflects on how to become more effective then tunes and adjusts its behavior accordingly agile decisions since agile is a collection of values and principles its real worth is in giving people a common foundation for making decisions about the best way to develop software for example consider a new project that is in discussions on how to get the requirements from the business owner the suggested approach is to require that the business owner write down all the requirements and sign off on them before beginning the work a team that is following agile would say while that might work isn t that inconsistent with our belief that we should value customer collaboration over contract negotiation and doesn t it violate our principle that says the developers should be working with the business owners every day how can we make this decision in a way that is consistent with our values and the principles we follow or consider a developer who is working on implementing a feature for the business owner the developer realizes he needs a database to make the feature work the first idea that comes to mind is to stop work on the feature and build out a robust database layer that will handle the needs of the feature and provide support for other development that will be needed later if the developer believes in the agile values and is trying to follow agile principles they would think but building out this layer means i will have to delay delivering what the customer can see as valuable software they can use if i can find a way to build just what is necessary to deliver this feature it will better align with my principles when you have a team that is following agile they will be making hundreds of decisions each week in the way described above that is what it means to be agile making each decision based on the principles and values that the team has decided to follow being agile the decision making process matters you can t try to short circuit things by taking decisions made by another team and just blindly doing what they decided to do another team may make decisions based on the agile principles and values and end up with a particular way of doing their work simply trying to mimic another team s actions and practices won t make your team agile after world war ii melanesian islanders were observed trying to bring cargo planes and their supplies from the sky by mimicking the practices they had seen performed during the war this included clearing the forest to make a landing strip complete with full size planes made out of straw they also created structures that mimicked a control tower out of bamboo and had someone sit in it wearing headphones fashioned from coconuts it is easy to fall into a similar type of cargo cult mentality when it comes to agile the things that are easy to notice in a highly functional agile team are the practices they are using but the practices a team uses is the result of following agile principles and values it is less important what practice a team happens to be using than why they are using it in fact as time goes by a good agile team is probably going to change and refine what practices they use a team might start with scrum and later find that kanban is a better fit for delivering value to their customers a team might begin standing up in a daily meeting and later decide it works better for everyone to stay sitting down another team might start out using planning poker to estimate story size and later do away with story points and simply split stories to where they are somewhere in the same range that isn t to say it is useless to look at practices being used by teams that are performing well but you can t go looking for practices to make you agile your principles and values are what will make you agile you have to look for practices that support your principles and values the way you select your practices is what determines whether you are being agile or not if a practice is being selected because it looks like a good way to follow agile principles it is probably a good place to start the same practice can work poorly for a team if it is selected for the wrong reason so what is agile agile is a set of values and principles how does a team become agile they make their decisions based on agile values and principles the decision making process is how a team becomes agile the values and principles have enough flexibility to allow teams in a wide variety of organizations to develop software in the ways that work best for their particular situation while providing enough direction to help a team continually move toward their full potential posted on why single claps in medium medium has an interesting way of voting for content that you like you can clap for content you can clap once or up to 50 times if you hold down on the clap icon it will count its way up to 50 this is an interesting approach to interaction and provides much more data on the back end as to how well people liked a particular piece of content of course now there is the issue of authors asking did you not like my content because you only gave me a single clap i m not sure what medium is doing in the background but i noticed that they do keep track of the number of unique people who clap for something between those two metrics they should have the ability to identify how well liked something is if someone s personal statistics show that they usually give 50 claps to a piece of content that they like it would make sense to weight a single clap from them as worth less than someone who only gives a single clap to any piece of content basically this is what the partner s program is doing with payments every paying member has a certain amount of credit to be distributed if you only clap for one piece of content then it gets all the credit if you clap twice for one piece of content and once for 3 other pieces of content the piece you clapped twice 40 of the credit while each of the others only get 20 there may be some more nuances but that appears to be the basic idea if this same approach is used to weight how well people like content paying or not then it doesn t really matter how many times you clap as long as you make it reflect your own personal relative value for a particular piece of content one last thing of note is that there appears to be a problem with clapping for content that is on a custom domain if you are using a browser that tries to avoid letting other sites track you you may run into some interesting issues for example https medium freecodecamp org if your browser is trying to block external tracking and you go to a post on that domain like this and try to click on the clap button it reloads the page on the first click after that you can click and hold but the refresh takes me back to the top of the page this probably depends on how your browser is configured but it explains why some people don t know that you can clap more than once the ui on custom domains may not be working in a way that makes it easy to understand my guess is that this is one of the reasons that medium decided to stop allowing custom domains and it will be interesting to see how it is handled going forward posted on state machines basics of computer science if you like this you should check out my cartoons on youtube and my mailing list computer science is what enables programming but it is possible to do a lot of programming without understanding the computer science concepts underlying the process of computation this isn t always a bad thing when we program we work at a much higher level of abstraction when we drive a car we only concern ourselves with two or three pedals a gearshift and a steering wheel you can safely operate a car without having any clear idea of how it works however if you want to operate a car at the very limits of its capabilities you need to know a lot more about automobiles than just the three pedals gearshift and steering wheel the same is true of programming much mundane everyday work that can be accomplished with little or no understanding of computer science you don t need to understand computational theory to build a contact us form in php however if you plan to write code that requires serious computation you are going to need to understand a bit more about how computation works under the hood the purpose of this article is to provide some fundamental background for computation if there is interest i may follow up with some more advanced topics but right now i want to look at the logic behind one of the simplest abstract computational devices a finite state machine finite state machine a finite state machine is a mathematical abstraction used to design algorithms in simple terms a state machine will read a series of inputs when it reads an input it will switch to a different state each state specifies which state to switch for a given input this sounds complicated but it is really quite simple imagine a device that reads a long piece of paper for every inch of paper there is a single letter printed on it either the letter a or the letter b as the state machine reads each letter it changes state here is a very simple state machine the circles are states that the machine can be in the arrows are the transitions so if you are in state s and read an a you ll transition to state q if you read a b you ll stay in state s so if we start on s and read the paper tape above from left to right we will read the a and move to state q then we ll read a b and move back another b will keep us on s followed by an a which moves us back to the q state simple enough but whats the point well it turns out that you can run a tape through the state machine and once it is done tell something about the sequence of letters by examining the state you end up on in our simple state machine above if we end on s the tape ends with the letter b if we end on q the tape ends with the letter a this may sound pointless but there are an awful lot of problems that can be solved with this type of approach a very simple example would be to determine if a page of html contains these tags in this order html head head body body html the state machine can move to state that shows it has read the html tag loop until it gets to the head tag loop until it gets to the head close tag etc if it successfully makes it to the final state then you have those particular tags in the right order finite state machines can also be used to represent the mechanics of a parking meter pop machine automated gas pump and all kinds of other things deterministic finite state machine the state machines we ve looked at so far are all deterministic state machines from any state there is only one transition for any allowed input in other words there aren t two paths leading out of a state when you read the letter a at first this sounds silly to even make this distinction what good is a set of decisions if the same input can result in moving to more than one state you can t tell a computer if x true then execute dosomethingbig or execute dosomethingsmall can you well you kind of can with a state machine the output of a state machine is its final state it goes through all its processing and then the final state is read and then an action is taken a state machine doesn t do anything as it moves from state to state it processes and then when it gets to the end the state is read and something external triggers the desired action dispenses a soda can etc this is an important concept when it comes to non deterministic finite state machines non deterministic finite state machine non deterministic finite state machines are finite state machines where a given input from a particular state can lead to more than one different state for example lets say we want to build a finite state machine that can recognize strings of letters that start with a and are then followed by zero or more occurrences of the letter b or zero or more occurrences of the letter c ...