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wordpress start learning plugin development theme development all wordpress mobile development start learning ios development ios templates android development android templates react native development react native templates ionic development ionic templates corona firebase kotlin all mobile development javascript start learning react vue js node jquery angular web apis all javascript php start learning laravel php scripts codeigniter yii all php coding fundamentals start learning oop functional programming databases sql security testing workflow design patterns rest api machine learning authentication version control git performance xml ajax regular expressions tools terminal and cli all coding fundamentals python start learning django all python ruby start learning ruby on rails all ruby game development cloud hosting start learning aws web servers hosting scaling all cloud hosting music get unlimited creative assets home code javascript node learning server side javascript with node js node js makes it easy to create high performance real time web applications it allows javascript to be used end to end both on the server and on the client this tutorial will walk you through the installation of node and show you how to write your first hello world program by the end you ll go on to build a weather api with node js and express scroll to top devon govett jun 20 2022 10 min read english english deutsch español copied to clipboard javascript node node js is a major framework for modern web development and makes it easy to create high performance real time web applications it allows javascript to be used end to end both on the server and on the client this tutorial will walk you through the installation of node and show you how to write your first hello world program by the end you ll go on to build a weather api with node js and express what is node js javascript has traditionally only run in the web browser but after considerable interest in bringing it to the server side as well node js was created node js is a bit different from other server technologies because it is event based rather than thread based web servers like apache that are used to serve php and other cgi scripts are thread based because they spawn a system thread for every incoming request while this is fine for many applications the thread based model does not scale well with many long lived connections like you would need in order to serve real time applications like instant messaging apps every i o operation in node js is asynchronous node js uses an event loop instead of threads and is able to scale to millions of concurrent connections it takes advantage of the fact that servers spend most of their time waiting for i o operations like reading a file from a hard drive accessing an external web service or waiting for a file to finish being uploaded because these operations are much slower than in memory operations every i o operation in node js is asynchronous meaning that the server can continue to process incoming requests while the i o operation is taking place javascript is extremely well suited to event based programming because it has anonymous functions and closures which make defining inline callbacks a cinch and javascript developers already know how to program in this way this event based model makes node js very fast and makes scaling real time applications very easy 1 installation node js is officially supported on linux macos microsoft windows smartos and freebsd to install a recent version of node js on windows v16 and upwards your computer must be running on windows 8 1 10 or 11 node js comes built in with its own package manager called the node package manager or npm for short which allows you to install 3rd party modules from the npm registry download the latest release of node js from nodejs org the latest version at the time of this writing is 17 9 0 and the latest lts version is 16 14 2 this should download the msi file on your computer run the file and go over the setup wizard most options are optional you don t need to change the program path unless you have a good reason to you can choose to install chocolatey a windows package manager or skip the step once the wizard is completed and node has been installed successfully open the terminal and run node v to see the installed node version run npm v to see the npm version also if you search node in your programs you should find the node js command prompt the command prompt provides a repl read eval print loop where you can type in javascript node js code and have the code immediately evaluated and the results outputted you can also load javascript from an external file into the repl session etc 2 hello world learning any new technology begins with a hello world tutorial so we will create a simple http server that serves up that message first we ll create a fresh node js project to create one open your terminal change to the directory that you want your project in and run the following command 1 npm init you ll be prompted to provide some information about your library including the library name author entry file licence and version and when done a package json file will be created using the information provided to skip this step attach the y flag to the above command and node js will generate a package json file with some default values then create an empty javascript file and name it test js for the next step you have to understand the node js module system in node functionality is encapsulated in modules which must be loaded in order to be used there are many modules listed in the node js documentation you load these modules by using the require function like so inside test js 1 var util require util this loads the util module which contains utility functions for dealing with system level tasks like printing output to the terminal to use a function in a module you call it on the variable in which you stored the module in our case util 1 util log hello world to run this script just run the node command with the filename of the javascript file as an argument 1 node test js this will output hello world to the command line when run to create an http server you must require the http module 1 var util require util 2 var http require http 3 4 http createserver function req res 5 res writehead 200 content type text html 6 res write hello world 7 res end 8 listen 8080 9 10 util log server running at https localhost 8080 this script imports the util and http modules and creates an http server the anonymous function that is passed into http createserver will be called whenever a request comes in to the server once the server is created it is told to listen on port 8080 when a request to the server comes in we first send http headers with the content type and status code of 200 successful then we send hello world and close the connection you might notice that we have to explicitly close the connection this will make it very easy to stream data to the client without closing the connection if you run this script and go to http localhost 8080 in your browser you will see hello world 3 a simple static file server ok so we have built an http server but it doesn t send anything except for hello world no matter what url you go to any http server must be able to send static files such as html files images and other files the following code does just that 1 var util require util 2 http require http 3 url require url 4 path require path 5 fs require fs 6 7 http createserver function request response 8 var uri path parse request url base 9 var filename path join process cwd uri 10 fs access filename fs constants f_ok function err 11 if err 12 response writehead 404 content type text plain 13 response write 404 not found n 14 response end 15 return 16 17 18 fs readfile filename binary function err file 19 if err 20 response writehead 500 content type text plain 21 response write err n 22 response end 23 return 24 25 26 response writehead 200 27 response write file binary 28 response end 29 30 31 listen 8080 32 33 util log server running at http localhost 8080 we start by requiring all of the modules that we will need in our code this includes the sys http url path and fs or filesystem modules next we create an http server as we did before this time we will use the url module to parse the incoming url of the request and find the pathname of the file being accessed we find the actual filename on the server s hard drive by using path join which joins process cwd or the current working directory with the path to the file being requested next we check if the file exists which is an asynchronous operation and thus requires a callback if the file does not exist a 404 not found message is sent to the user and the function returns otherwise we read the file using the fs module using the binary encoding and send the file to the user if there is an error reading the file we present the error message to the user and close the connection because all of this is asynchronous the server is able to serve other requests while reading the file from the disk no matter how large it is if you run this example and navigate to http localhost 8080 path to file that file will be shown in your browser static site 4 build a weather api in node js with express building on our static file server we will build a server in node js that fetches and shows the expected weather condition of a given city to start we will need two extra third party modules in this example the express module and the axios module express is a web framework used to build restful apis in node js applications we ll be using the express module to build a single api endpoint that will take the city from each request and respond with an html body containing the forecasted weather condition for the city the weather information will come from an external api so we ll use the axios client to make an api request first we ll install both the express and axios modules at the same time using the following command 1 npm i express axios this will install both modules from the npm registry the dependencies field will be added to the json object inside your package json and you should see the installed version of each dependency the node_modules folder will also be generated to track all the modules that express and axios use now that we have installed express we ll be creating our express app inside test js 1 const express require express 2 3 create our express app 4 const app express 5 6 create get route on on express server api 7 app get req res 8 res send hello this is our first project 9 10 11 12 listen on port 3000 13 app listen 3000 console log server running on port 3000 here we first import express and axios then we set up a get route on the index path responding with a simple string finally we serve the express application on localhost 3000 output go to open weather api and subscribe to current weather and forecasts collection for free to get your api key you ll be prompted to sign up and get your key from the api key section with your api key secured it s time to build the code that will fetch and return the forecasted weather condition for a provided location in our get route at the start of the test js file below the imports copy your api key from open weather api and store the value to a variable 1 let apikey your api key now replace your app get code with the following 1 app get req res 2 let city req query city 3 4 axios get https api openweathermap org data 2 5 forecast q city appid apikey 5 then response 6 if response status 200 7 res send the weather in your city city is 8 response data list 0 weather 0 description 9 10 11 catch err 12 console log err 13 14 the first thing we do is retrieve the query string city from the query property then we make a get request to the weather forecast api using axios the url will need two variables the city we want to get a forecast for and the unique api key provided in your open weather api dashboard we set up a then function to handle the response if the response status is 200 meaning ok we send back the weather description for the city provided in the returned data we send this back to the browser as a response using the res send method on error we simply log the error data to the console via catch save your test js file run node test js on your command line and type the following url in your browser 1 http localhost 3000 city nairobi note that nairobi can be replaced with any city of your choice here are the results you should get weather forecast for nairobi next steps node js is a very exciting technology that makes it easy to create high performance real time applications i hope you can see its benefits and can use it in some of your own applications because of node s great module system it is easy to use open source third party libraries in your application and there are modules available for just about everything including database connection layers templating engines mail clients and even entire frameworks connecting all of these things together happy noding this post has been updated with contributions from kingsley ubah kingsley is passionate about creating content that educates and inspires readers hobbies include reading football and cycling javascript node by devon govett like download attachment your all in one creative asset toolkit start now unlimited downloads from 16 50 month get access to over one million creative assets on envato over 9 million digital assets everything you need for your next creative project create beautiful logos designs mockups in seconds design like a professional without photoshop join the community share ideas host meetups lead discussions collaborate discover about envato our pricing plans stock video video templates royalty free music stock photos fonts popular searches license user terms license terms terms conditions privacy policy acceptable use policy 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