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description=Learn about Google Compute Engine SQL Server virtual machine (VM) instances;

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console viewing serial port output troubleshoot instance groups troubleshoot managed instance groups migs troubleshoot os management troubleshoot licenses troubleshoot image import and export troubleshooting sles pay as you go registration troubleshooting ubuntu pro registration troubleshoot metadata server troubleshoot metadata server troubleshoot networking issues troubleshoot common networking issues troubleshoot network drivers troubleshoot vm performance issues troubleshoot storage troubleshoot disk creation troubleshoot full disks and disk resizing troubleshoot disk encryption troubleshoot nvme disks troubleshoot instant snapshots troubleshoot standard snapshots troubleshoot reservations and commitments troubleshoot reservation creation troubleshoot reservation consumption troubleshooting reservation monitoring troubleshoot reservation updates troubleshoot future reservation creation and updates troubleshoot automatic commitment renewal troubleshoot quota errors troubleshoot concurrent operation quota errors troubleshoot workload authentication troubleshoot default service accounts troubleshoot workload to workload authentication ai and ml application development application hosting compute data analytics and pipelines databases distributed hybrid and multicloud industry solutions migration networking observability and monitoring security storage access and resources management costs and usage management infrastructure as code sdk languages frameworks and tools home documentation compute compute engine guides send feedback create sql server vm instances stay organized with collections save and categorize content based on your preferences microsoft sql server is a database system that runs on windows server and some linux distributions you can use sql server on compute engine as part of the backend for your applications as a flexible development and test environment or in addition to your on premises systems for backup and disaster recovery compute engine provides images with microsoft sql server preinstalled on windows server for these sql server images compute engine manages the license for both windows server and sql server and includes the cost in your monthly bill create virtual machine vm instances with sql server and scale out to large multi node configurations when you need them compute engine stores your data on durable block storage disks with automatic redundancy and automatic encryption at rest use these disks to store your sql server data and you don t need to worry about the durability or security of your data for additional performance create your vm instances with a local ssd as a cache that provides additional iops and performance for sql server queries you can create compute engine vm instances that run sql server in the following ways create a vm instance using a sql server image these images include one of several sql server editions that run on windows server you can use these images to run sql server on compute engine and you don t need to obtain your own separate license from microsoft migrate your existing sql server licenses to a windows server vm instance on compute engine and manage those licenses yourself install sql server on a compute engine linux vm for a full list of the available images that include sql server preinstalled see operating system details machine type requirements for sql server images the best machine type for sql server depends on the edition of sql server that you run sql server standard you can run sql server standard on vm instances created with any machine type but shared core machine types don t provide optimal performance google recommends that you use vm instances with at least one vcpu to run sql server standard sql server enterprise vm instances that run sql server enterprise must have at least 4 vcpus for optimal performance google recommends that you run sql server enterprise on vm instances with larger memory capacities depending on your workload you should use highmem predefined machine types with 8 vcpus or more such as for n2 the highmem predefined machine types maximize the ratio of memory to each vcpu that is available on compute engine which is optimal for sql server enterprise vms you can use sql server enterprise on compute engine to create sql server availability groups default components sql server images include several components by default the default components depend on the edition of sql server that you selected for information about the default components included with your version of sql server see editions and supported features of sql server 2019 for information about modifying the sql server components see add features to an instance of sql server before you begin if you haven t already set up authentication authentication verifies your identity for access to google cloud services and apis to run code or samples from a local development environment you can authenticate to compute engine by selecting one of the following options select the tab for how you plan to use the samples on this page console when you use the google cloud console to access google cloud services and apis you don t need to set up authentication gcloud install the google cloud cli after installation initialize the google cloud cli by running the following command gcloud init if you re using an external identity provider idp you must first sign in to the gcloud cli with your federated identity note if you installed the gcloud cli previously make sure you have the latest version by running gcloud components update set a default region and zone terraform to use the terraform samples on this page in a local development environment install and initialize the gcloud cli and then set up application default credentials with your user credentials install the google cloud cli if you re using an external identity provider idp you must first sign in to the gcloud cli with your federated identity if you re using a local shell then create local authentication credentials for your user account gcloud auth application default login you don t need to do this if you re using cloud shell if an authentication error is returned and you are using an external identity provider idp confirm that you have signed in to the gcloud cli with your federated identity for more information see set up authentication for a local development environment rest to use the rest api samples on this page in a local development environment you use the credentials you provide to the gcloud cli install the google cloud cli if you re using an external identity provider idp you must first sign in to the gcloud cli with your federated identity for more information see authenticate for using rest in the google cloud authentication documentation create a sql server instance to create a sql server instance specify the image family for the specific version of sql server that you need for a list of the sql server image families see operating system details note if you create a sql server instance from a google provided public image then the sql server instance name returned by select servername is preset within the image this preset name doesn t match the hostname of your vm instance to ensure that the sql server instance name matches the hostname of your vm instance update the name after you create the instance for instructions see update sql server instance names for optimal performance database server platforms require machine types with more virtual cpus and larger amounts of memory google recommends that you use machine types with at least 2 vcpus and at least 4 gb of memory when you run sql server instances you can use custom machine types to configure sql server instances to match the performance requirements for your workload you can use larger disks or faster disk types to improve the performance of your applications you must set specific firewall rules to allow sql server traffic on the vpc network or subnet that your vm instance is a part of for more information see best practices for sql server console to create a sql server instance follow these steps in the google cloud console go to the create an instance page go to create an instance specify the vm instance details click the os and storage vertical tab click change and then do the following on the public images tab click the operating system list and then select sql server on windows server in the version list select a version in the boot disk type list select a boot disk type in the size gb field set the boot disk size optional to modify the advanced configuration for the boot disk click show advanced configuration and then specify your settings to save the boot disk configuration click select in the create an instance window click create after you create the vm instance create a firewall rule to allow access to sql server on your instance the default sql server port is 1433 in the google cloud console go to the firewall rules page go to firewall rules at the top of the page click create firewall rule specify the details for this firewall rule in the name field specify a name for the firewall rule in the network field select the vpc network where your sql server instance is located for the direction of traffic select ingress in the targets field choose the targets for the firewall rule which can be all instances or specified target tags or service accounts for example you can select the option all instances in the network if you configured a tag or service account for your sql server instance then you can limit the firewall rule to the specific tag or service account in source filter field select the range of ips that you want to allow access on this port for an ingress rule you can select source ipv4 ranges source ipv6 ranges source tags or service accounts use the fields after source filter to supply additional information about your choice in the protocols and ports section choose specified protocols and ports and enter the port that sql server uses for this example choose tcp and enter 1433 which is the default port click create to create this firewall rule and allow access to your sql server instance over the specified port if you need to add additional firewall rules to your vm instance see the firewall rules documentation gcloud use the compute images list command to see a list of available sql server images gcloud compute images list project windows sql cloud no standard images use the compute instances create command to create a new vm and specify the image family for one of the windows server or sql server public images gcloud compute instances create vm_name image project windows sql cloud image family image_family machine type machine_type boot disk size boot_disk_size boot disk type boot_disk_type replace the following vm_name the name for the new instance image_family one of the public image families for windows server or sql server images machine_type one of the available machine types boot_disk_size the size of the boot disk in gb larger persistent disks have higher throughput boot_disk_type the type of the boot disk for your instance for example pd balanced after you create the vm create a firewall rule to allow access to sql server on your vm the default sql server port is 1433 gcloud compute firewall rules create sql server 1433 description allow sql server access from all sources on port 1433 allow tcp 1433 network network where network is the name of the vpc network where your vm is located if you need to add additional firewall rules to your vm see the firewall rules documentation terraform to create the sql server vm instances use the google_compute_instance resource resource google_compute_instance sqlserver_vm provider google beta name sqlserver vm boot_disk auto_delete true device_name persistent disk 0 initialize_params image windows sql cloud sql std 2019 win 2022 size 50 type pd balanced mode read_write machine_type n1 standard 4 zone europe west1 b network_interface access_config network_tier premium network google_compute_network default id stack_type ipv4_only subnetwork google_compute_subnetwork default id to learn how to apply or remove a terraform configuration see basic terraform commands rest to create a vm with the api include the initializeparams property in your vm creation request and specify a windows image post https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects project_id zones zone instances instance name vm_name machinetype zones zone machinetypes machine_type disks boot true type persistent initializeparams diskname disk_name sourceimage projects image_project global images family image_family disksizegb boot_disk_size disktype boot_disk_type networkinterfaces accessconfigs type one_to_one_nat name external nat network global networks default serviceaccounts email default_service_email scopes default_scopes replace the following project_id the id for your project zone the zone for this instance vm_name the name for the new vm machine_type the available machine types image_project either windows cloud for windows server images or windows sql cloud for windows server images with sql server preinstalled image_family the public image families for windows server or sql server images boot_disk_size the size of the boot disk in gb larger persistent disks have higher throughput boot_disk_type the type of the boot disk for your vm for example pd ssd after you create the vm use the firewalls insert method to create a firewall rule that allows access to sql server on your vm the default sql server port is 1433 post https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects project_id global firewalls name sql server 1433 network global networks network allowed ipprotocol tcp ports 1433 replace the following project_id the id for your project network the name of the vpc network where your vm is located after you create your sql server instance set the initial password for the vm so that you can connect to the vm using rdp run the sql server management studio as an administrator to manage databases on your sql server instance you can enhance the sql server installation with one or more of the following items install sql server data tools ssdt on your sql server instance so that you can create and manage your sql server databases using visual studio connect to windows vms using rdp and download and install ssdt from the microsoft website sql server images include several default components you can add features to your sql server installation sql server images always include the setup executable at c sql_server_install setup exe to install sql server to a secondary disk add a non boot disk to your vm then connect to the vm instance and run the c sql_server_install setup exe installer and select a new installation path on your secondary disk if you require additional storage space on your boot disk or on any secondary storage disks you can modify the size and provisioned performance of a hyperdisk volume or modify the size o...