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how cloud shell works google cloud documentation skip to main content technology areas close ai and ml application development application hosting compute data analytics and pipelines databases distributed hybrid and multicloud industry solutions migration networking observability and monitoring security storage cross product tools close access and resources management costs and usage management infrastructure as code sdk languages frameworks and tools console english deutsch español español américa latina français indonesia italiano português português brasil עברית 中文 简体 中文 繁體 日本語 한국어 sign in cloud shell start free overview guides reference support resources technology areas more overview guides reference support resources cross product tools more console cloud shell product overview quickstarts all quickstarts deploy a cloud run service deploy a gke app run gcloud commands how to guides all how to guides get started with cloud shell launch cloud shell use cloud shell authorize tools in cloud shell manage files preview web apps use the cloud shell editor launch the cloud shell editor interface overview get started with cloud code overview work with kubernetes work with cloud run migrate an application from cloud shell editor to a local ide use version control workspace management debug your applications customize color themes use the cloud shell terminal use accessibility features configure cloud shell configuration options use the cloudshell command use cloud shell with the gcloud cli open in cloud shell tutorials in cloud shell write tutorials in cloud shell tutorial style guide create private tutorials disable or reset cloud shell concepts all concepts how cloud shell works quotas and limits ai and ml application development application hosting compute data analytics and pipelines databases distributed hybrid and multicloud industry solutions migration networking observability and monitoring security storage access and resources management costs and usage management infrastructure as code sdk languages frameworks and tools home documentation application development cloud shell guides send feedback how cloud shell works stay organized with collections save and categorize content based on your preferences cloud shell provisions a compute engine virtual machine running a debian based linux operating system for your temporary use this virtual machine is owned and managed by google cloud so will not appear within any of your google cloud projects note your organization controls whether you have access to cloud shell cloud shell instances are provisioned on a per user per session basis the instance persists while your cloud shell session is active after an hour of inactivity your session terminates and its vm is discarded for more on usage quotas refer to the limitations guide with the default cloud shell experience you are allocated with an ephemeral pre configured vm and the environment you work with is a docker container running on that vm you can also customize your environment automatically on vm boot to ensure that your cloud shell instance includes your preferred tools persistent disk storage cloud shell provisions 5 gb of free persistent disk storage mounted as your home directory on the virtual machine instance this storage is on a per user basis and is available across projects unlike the instance itself this storage does not time out on inactivity all files you store in your home directory including installed software scripts and user configuration files like bashrc and vimrc persist between sessions your home directory is private to you and can t be accessed by other users warning if you delete your home directory or if you don t access cloud shell for 120 days cloud shell automatically deletes your home directory and can t recover your files you ll receive an email notification before this occurs starting a cloud shell session prevents the home directory persistent storage from being recycled when using cloud shell you cannot expand persistent disk storage space for more control of your storage persistence and for more storage space you can use cloud workstations cloud shell also offers ephemeral mode which is the cloud shell experience without persistent disk storage with ephemeral mode you ll have faster startup times but all the files you create in your session are lost on session end authorization when you make a google cloud api call or use a command line tool that requires credentials such as the google cloud cli with cloud shell for the first time cloud shell prompts you to authorize click authorize to allow the tool to use your credentials to make calls refer to the authorizing with cloud shell for more details pre configured environment variables when cloud shell is started the active project in the google cloud console is propagated to your gcloud configuration inside cloud shell for immediate use google_cloud_project the environmental variable used by application default credentials library support to define the project id is also set to point to the active project in the google cloud console the environment variable web_host points to the hostname of your cloud shell vm which you can use to make https requests to the environment note while google_cloud_project inherits the active project from the google cloud console your cloud shell instance is not directly associated with or managed by this project zone selection cloud shell is globally distributed across multiple google cloud regions when you first connect to cloud shell you are automatically assigned to the closest available region you can t pick your own region and if cloud shell doesn t pick the closest region cloud shell tries to migrate your cloud shell vm to a closer region when your cloud shell vm isn t in use to view your current region run the following command from a cloud shell session curl metadata computemetadata v1 instance zone image rollout the cloud shell container image is updated weekly to keep prepackaged tools up to date this means cloud shell always comes with the latest versions of the gcloud cli docker and other utilities root user when you set up a cloud shell session you get a regular unix user account with a username based on your email address with this access you have full root privileges on your allocated vm and can even run sudo commands if you need to available tools the cloud shell virtual machine instance has the following pre installed tools type tool linux shell interpreters bash sh linux utilities standard debian system utilities gcloud cli and tools app engine sdk google cloud cli including the gcloud cli gsutil for cloud storage text editors emacs vim nano build and package tools gradle helm make maven bazel npm nvm pip uv composer source control tools git mercurial additional tools docker ipython mysql client grpc compiler tensorflow terraform you can install additional software packages on the virtual machine instance but the installation will not persist after the instance terminates unless you install the software in your home directory or create a custom environment language support note language versions might change you can however install different versions if you need to using the environment customization script the cloud shell virtual machine instance provides pre installed language support for the following language version java jre jdk 17 openjdk go latest python 3 12 node js lts ruby 3 2 php 8 3 net core sdks 6 0 7 0 and 8 0 the default version of the java environment is 17 to change the current cloud shell session to use version 1 11 of the jre and jdk enter the following at the cloud shell command prompt sudo update java alternatives s java 1 11 0 openjdk amd64 export java_home usr lib jvm java 11 openjdk amd64 to change to 21 sudo update java alternatives s java 1 21 0 openjdk amd64 export java_home usr lib jvm java 21 openjdk amd64 to change back to 17 sudo update java alternatives s java 1 17 0 openjdk amd64 export java_home usr lib jvm java 17 openjdk amd64 jre safe mode if there s a problem in your bashrc or tmux conf files cloud shell immediately closes after connection safe mode restarts your cloud shell instance and logs you in as root allowing you to fix any issues in the files to open cloud shell in safe mode append cloudshellsafemode true to the url in cloud shell click more_vert click safe mode and then click restart to permanently delete all files in your home directory and restore your cloud shell home directory to a clean state you can reset your cloud shell vm send feedback except as otherwise noted the content of this page is licensed under the creative commons attribution 4 0 license and code samples are licensed under the apache 2 0 license for details see the google developers site policies java is a registered trademark of oracle and or its affiliates last updated 2026 07 10 utc need to tell us more easy to understand easytounderstand thumb up solved my problem solvedmyproblem thumb up other otherup thumb up hard to understand hardtounderstand thumb down incorrect information or sample code incorrectinformationorsamplecode thumb down missing the information samples i need missingtheinformationsamplesineed thumb down other otherdown thumb down last updated 2026 07 10 utc products and pricing see all products google cloud pricing google cloud marketplace contact sales support community forums support release notes system status resources github getting started with google cloud code samples cloud architecture center training and certification engage blog events x twitter google cloud on youtube google cloud tech on youtube about google privacy site terms google cloud terms manage cookies our third decade of climate action join us sign up for the google cloud newsletter subscribe english deutsch español español américa latina français indonesia italiano português português brasil עברית 中文 简体 中文 繁體 日本語 한국어