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he following statement as an example select character_set_name from information_schema collation_character_set_applicability where collation_name select database_collation from information_schema routines where routine_schema test2 and routine_name p1 example output character_set_name latin1 check the configuration of your triggers to check the values for triggers use the following statement as an example show triggers from db_name replace db_name with the name of the mysql database to get the definition of a trigger use the following example statement show create trigger db_name trigger_name replace the following db_name the name of the mysql database trigger_name the name of the trigger if the trigger isn t using your intended character set or collation value then you might need to drop and recreate it with the new character set or collation check that the trigger is using the correct database collation mapping for more information about checking database collation see check database collation mapping check the configuration of your events to check the values for events use the following statement as an example show events from db_name replace db_name with the name of the database to get the definition of an event use the following example statement show create event db_name event_name replace the following db_name the name of the database event_name the name of the event if the event isn t using your intended character set or collation value then you might need to drop and recreate it with the new character set or collation check that the event is using the correct database collation mapping for more information about checking database collation see check database collation mapping caution recreating events can cause events to miss their scheduled turn check the configuration of your functions to check the values for functions use the following statement as an example show function status where db db_name replace db_name with the name of the database to get the definition of a function use the following example statement show create function db_name function_name replace the following db_name the name of the mysql database function_name the name of the function if the function isn t using your intended character set or collation value then you might need to drop and recreate it with the new character set or collation check that the function is using the correct database collation mapping for more information about checking database collation see check database collation mapping i character set or collation check that the function is using the correct database collation mapping for more information about checking database collation see check database collation mapping determine what level of updates to perform after you have checked the character set and collation configuration of your database you have a list of databases and possibly a list of database objects that you need to update the number of tasks you ll need to perform depend on the type of the database objects that require configuration changes perform database level updates you need to update mysql metadata only perform database and table level updates you need to update mysql metadata only perform database table and column level updates you must update the metadata and rebuild tables and database objects these updates can take the most amount of time however you can use one of the provided example scripts to update all of the tables and columns in a given database take a backup of the instance important do not skip this step before you do any of these updates take a backup of your instance for more information see create an on demand backup we recommend that you take the backup without any ddl operations running on the instance generate rebuild commands for the stored database objects in your database if you need to drop and recreate any stored database objects in your databases with the new character set and collation then use the mysqldump tool to generate the commands now after you update your database and table columns you ll use the generated mysqldump file to rebuild the stored database objects in your database this command generates statements for all stored procedures functions triggers and events run the following command so you can use the output to recreate all the stored procedures functions and events of a particular database later when you recreate stored database objects mysqldump udbauser p h ip_address p 3306 db_name no data no create db no create info routines triggers events set gtid purged off events dump_objects sql replace the following ip_address ip address of the cloud sql for mysql instance db_name the name of the mysql database perform updates to your databases and if necessary tables and columns in this step you update the character set and collation values of your databases also you might need to rebuild your tables and columns perform database level updates if you are performing database level updates only then run the following statement to update your database alter database db_name character set new_charset collate new_collation replace the following db_name the name of the database to update new_charset the new character set to apply to the database new_collation the new collation to apply to the database perform database and table level updates if you are performing database and table level updates then do the following run the following statement to update your database alter database db_name character set new_charset collate new_collation replace the following db_name the name of the database to update new_charset the new character set to apply to the database new_collation the new collation to apply to the database for each table that you want to update run the following statement alter table table_name character set new_charset collate new_collation replace the following table_name the name of the table to update new_charset the new character set to apply to the table new_collation the new collation to apply to the table perform database table and column level updates at this level you need to re encode existing data to comply with the new character set and collation settings if you are performing a database table and column level updates then do the following before proceeding with updates to the table columns review the following considerations the alter table character set and collation conversion causes the table to rebuild and locks the table as a result any active query that tries to access the table is blocked the alter table character set and collation conversion takes time because it fetches the complete table in memory this operation might increase the latency of any workload running in parallel because the buffer pool pages are being used for the updated table if there are queries accessing multiple tables and some of the tables are being updated while others are not yet updated then the queries might produce inconsistent results during this transaction time the process of running an alter table character set and collation conversion creates a shadow table so plan disk usage accordingly the alter table character set and collation conversion also causes any indexes on the table to rebuild you don t need to update replica instances separately alter drop and create commands are replicated automatically however running ddl commands can cause replica lag time to increase during the operation if you restore any of the databases from a backup taken from before you applied these updates then you ll need to re apply the updates check your table for any data tuples that might be incompatible with the new character set if there are any incompatibilities then you need to fix them before you update the character set otherwise you ll encounter errors during the conversion process you can use the following select convert statement to validate your data with new character set select column_name convert column_name using new_charset from table_name where column_name convert column_name using new_charset note if you have a very large dataset then the select convert query might take a longer time to run for example if you have a table t with a char column c then you can run the following select convert statement to check the data tuples before converting to the ascii character set select c convert c using ascii from t where c convert c using ascii example output c convert c using ascii é é in this example since the output returns these three tuples there are three inconsistent values that need to be fixed before moving to the next step examine the output of your query and fix the data until your query returns zero tuples for all the columns that need conversion you can also combine multiple columns in the same select query choose an option for updating the character set and collation for your tables at the column level if you want to update the character set for a very specific table column then follow the steps in the column level tab where you only have to re encode selected columns otherwise follow the steps in the table level tab which re encode the full table table level tip if you have many tables then you can also use the script to update multiple tables run the following statement to update your database alter database db_name character set new_charset collate new_collation replace the following db_name the name of the database to update new_charset the new character set to apply to the database new_collation the new collation to apply to the database for each affected table run the following statement to update your table alter table table_name character set new_charset collate new_collation replace the following table_name the name of the table to update new_charset the new character set to apply to the table new_collation the new collation to apply to the table update at table level so that all columns that are part of the table are updated with the new character set and collation this option rebuilds the table completely to use this option run the following statement alter table db_name table_name convert to character set new_charset collate new_collation replace the following table_name the name of the table to update new_charset the new character set to apply to the table new_collation the new collation to apply to the table note with this option if mysql can t fit the data in the new character set then mysql might change its data type this change is unlikely but we recommend that you check your tables after the conversion update column level update at the column level this option also rebuilds the table completely if multiple columns are updated then this option can cause multiple rebuilds tip if you have many columns then you can also use the script to update multiple columns in a table to use this option run the following statement run the following statement to update your database alter database db_name character set new_charset collate new_collation replace the following db_name the name of the database to update new_charset the new character set to apply to the database new_collation the new collation to apply to the database for each affected table run the following statement to update your table alter table table_name character set new_charset collate new_collation replace the following table_name the name of the table to update new_charset the new character set to apply to the table new_collation the new collation to apply to the table run the following statement to update at the column level alter table db_name table_name modify column_definition character set new_charset collate new_collation note you must obtain the exact column definition to obtain the exact column definition use show create table table_name replace the following db_name the name of the database to update table_name the name of the table to update column_definition specify an exact column definition that includes constraints the column definition might carry the old character set and collation values you must update the column definition with the new values new_charset the new character set to apply to the table column new_collation the new collation to apply to the table column repeat this statement for all string columns present in the table that need a character set or collation update validate the updates and look for errors during the alter table operation look for any errors that indicate that existing data in the table isn t compatible with the new character set for example error 1366 hy000 incorrect string value xc3 xa9 for column c at row 1 if you encounter any data compatibility errors then we recommend that you check your tables again for any data compatibility errors and fix them before re running the alter table statements to re encode the data in addition during the alter table operation the tables the foreign key table and the referenced table a foreign key check might fail while the column undergoes re encoding if this happens then you can disable the foreign key check set foreign_key_checks 0 and run the update again recreate your stored database objects after you have updated your database successfully you can use the generated mysqldump file to recreate the stored database objects with the character set and collation values to recreate your stored database objects do the following verify that the stored database objects are present on the database make sure that there s no parallel load that expects the stored database objects to be present during this drop and recreate time the mysqldump file that you generated with the mysqldump tool doesn t include the statement for dropping triggers if you need to drop triggers then open a mysql terminal to generate the drop statement for triggers mysql select concat drop trigger trigger_name as drop_trigger_statements from information_schema triggers where trigger_schema db_name copy the output run the statement to drop the triggers for your database either in a mysql shell or in a script after you drop the triggers apply the dump file that you generated with the mysqldump tool to apply the dump file and recreate the objects enter the following mysql udbauser p h ip_address p 3306 db_name dump_objects sql replace the following ip_address ip address of the cloud sql for mysql instance db_name the name of the database take another backup of the instance after you complete your updates take another backup of your instance for more information see create an on demand backup example scripts if you need to update databases tables and columns then this section provides example scripts to help re encode your data tip you can try testing the data conversion on a clone instance before re encoding data in production script to update multiple tables the following script generates a statement for all the tables in the given database the statement lets you re encode existing data to comply with the new character set and collation settings select concat alter table table_schema tab...