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description=Understand the different ways you can connect, authorize, and authenticate to your Cloud SQL instance.;

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l proxy operator use managed connection pooling managed connection pooling overview configure managed connection pooling connect from applications connect using a mysql client connect from cloud run connect from cloud functions connect from app engine standard use phpmyadmin on app engine use phpmyadmin on cloud run connect from app engine flexible connect from compute engine connect from kubernetes engine connect from cloud build manage database connections connect from other mysql tools connect to an instance from outside its vpc replicate about replication in cloud sql create and manage replicas create read replicas manage read replicas create and manage indexes on read replicas promote replicas for regional migration or disaster recovery replication lag create and manage read pools about read pools create a read pool read pool autoscaling configure external replicas replicate from an external server about replicating from an external server configure cloud sql and the external server for replication use a managed import to set up replication from external databases use a dump file to set up replication from external databases use a custom import to set up replication from large external databases migrate data about data migration in cloud sql migrate from a percona xtrabackup physical file migrate from cloud sql to an external server availability and disaster recovery dr availability in cloud sql about high availability ha enable and disable high availability ha legacy configuration for high availability ha about disaster recovery dr use advanced disaster recovery dr back up and restore back up an instance cloud sql backups overview choose your backup option manage standard backups manage enhanced backups manage backups for deleted instances view audit logs for automated backups restore an instance overview restore an instance using a backup configure point in time recovery perform point in time recovery import and export best practices for importing and exporting data export and import using sql dump files export and import using csv files export and import files in parallel cancel the import and export of data check the status of import and export operations develop build generative ai applications using cloud sql integrate cloud sql with vertex ai invoke online predictions understand an example of an embedding workflow build llm powered applications using langchain interact with custom models using model endpoint management overview register a model generate embeddings invoke predictions model endpoint management reference vector search vector search enable and disable vector embeddings generate and manage vector embeddings create and manage vector indexes search and filter with vector embeddings work with vector embeddings preview use cloud sql for mysql with agents use the cloud sql remote mcp server best practices for securing agent interactions with mcp use saved queries overview create and manage saved queries build data agents with conversational analytics query database in natural language with querydata monitor and optimize about database observability monitor and troubleshoot with ai assistance audit audit logs mysql database auditing use mysql database auditing performance capture overview configure performance capture view performance capture logs query performance use query insights use index advisor monitor active queries system performance monitor instances view instance logs use system insights monitor cloud sql using the database insights mcp server apply recommendations create indexes or reconfigure join settings disable public ip enable database auditing enforce ssl tls encryption improve instance reliability by enabling high availability improve performance with enterprise plus increase the table open cache manage open tables and open table definitions manage high number of tables monitor disk availability optimize high cpu usage optimize high memory usage optimize instances with high number of out of memory events prevent data loss by enabling automated backups prevent data loss by increasing backup retention reconfigure connection settings reconfigure log settings reconfigure temporary table settings reduce idle cloud sql instances reduce overprovisioned cloud sql instances reduce underprovisioned cloud sql instances remove authorized networks remove broad public ip ranges rotate server certificates set instance password policies set user password policies use looker with cloud sql troubleshoot known issues troubleshoot error messages debug connection issues diagnose issues orphan tables issues updating storage capacity ai and ml application development application hosting compute data analytics and pipelines databases distributed hybrid and multicloud industry solutions migration networking observability and monitoring security storage access and resources management costs and usage management infrastructure as code sdk languages frameworks and tools home documentation databases cloud sql mysql guides send feedback choose how to connect to cloud sql stay organized with collections save and categorize content based on your preferences mysql postgresql sql server this page provides an overview of the ways in which you can connect to your cloud sql instance before you can connect to a cloud sql instance you need to decide how to deploy and configure your cloud sql instance and supporting networking resources if your cloud sql instance is already configured and deployed then this page can help you understand the different ways that you can connect your clients to the existing instance ip address type private or public when you first create your cloud sql instance you can choose whether to configure the instance with a public ip address a private ip address or a combination of both you choose the ip address configuration of your instance based on your application requirements then after you configure your instance you specify either a public ip address a private ip address or in some cases a dns name in your client connection string private ip address public ip address description internal virtual private cloud vpc network only private ip address an external internet accessible public ip address decision points do you need to connect from clients hosted on vpc networks inside google cloud or from clients that have access to those vpc networks if yes then choose a private ip address for the instance do you need to connect from clients outside the google cloud vpc network over the public internet if yes then choose a public ip address for the instance configuration options the following types of private networking configurations are supported private services access connect to cloud sql instances from a single vpc network based on networking peering private service connect connect to cloud sql instances from multiple vpc networks that belong to different groups projects or organizations for more information about choosing a private networking configuration see private networking options private services access or private service connect when you connect directly to an instance using a public ip address you must configure authorized networks another more secure alternative for connecting to a cloud sql instance that uses public ip is to use a cloud sql connector such as the cloud sql auth proxy or one of the cloud sql language connectors for instructions about adding a public ip to your instance see configure public ip to connect to a cloud sql instance using a public ip address you can use the mysql client or another available client summary recommendation for improved security we recommend that you configure your instance with a private ip address type unless you have specific requirements for an internet accessible cloud sql instance or if you re connecting from a client that doesn t meet the requirements for a vpc connection type cloud sql connector or direct when you make the connection to a cloud sql instance you can use a cloud sql connector or you can make a direct connection a cloud sql connector is either the cloud sql auth proxy or one of the cloud sql language connectors cloud sql connector direct connection description cloud sql auth proxy a client side proxy and cloud sql language connectors client side libraries provide simplified and secure access to your cloud sql instances especially when you connect to an instance using a public ip address a direct connection from a client to a cloud sql instance provides a lower latency connection a direct connection can be made from either a public or a private ip address decision points cloud sql connectors are beneficial in the following scenarios when you want to connect to a cloud sql instance using a public ip address without having to configure authorized networks when you want to encrypt traffic to and from the database automatically with server and client identity verification without having to manage ssl certificates when you re using iam database authentication and want to refresh your oauth 2 0 access tokens automatically when you re connecting from a client or application that uses a dynamically assigned or ephemeral ip address dynamic ip configuration can be common for platform as a service paas applications using a direct connection provides the following benefits lower latency compared to connections using cloud sql connectors no additional package or library dependency unlike cloud sql connectors when you use a direct connection you re responsible for configuring the ssl tls settings configuration options cloud sql auth proxy or cloud sql language connectors including cloud sql java connector cloud sql python connector cloud sql go connector cloud sql node js connector the following google cloud services use an embedded cloud sql auth proxy when you connect to a cloud sql instance over public ip address cloud run app engine flexible environment app engine standard environment to configure ssl tls certificates on the cloud sql instance and for your client do the following choose a server ca mode for your instance configure your instance to enforce ssl tls encryption for connections on the instance create client certificates download your server and client certificates summary when you connect to a cloud sql instance you can use either a cloud sql connector or connect directly from clients general recommendation if you re connecting to an instance by a private ip address use a direct connection we also recommend that you enforce ssl and configure ssl tls certificates for your connection if you re connecting to an instance by a public ip address use a cloud sql connector either the cloud sql auth proxy or one of the cloud sql language connectors database authentication type iam or built in when you connect to an instance you must authenticate as a database user you can choose between built in authentication or iam database authentication iam database authentication built in authentication description iam database authentication lets you authenticate to databases with google cloud iam user and service accounts by using short lived access tokens instead of passwords you can manage database privileges by using iam principals such as users service accounts and groups built in authentication uses database local usernames and passwords to authenticate database users decision points do you prefer to centralize user management across google cloud services using iam in google cloud if yes then use iam database authentication do you have applications or workflows that depend on built in database authentication if yes then use built in authentication configuration options you can use iam database authentication for individual iam users individual service accounts and groups for more information see use manage users with iam database authentication if you use a cloud sql connector then the connector handles the automatic refresh of the iam access tokens for more information see automatic iam database authentication you can use built in database authentication and configure password policies at the instance and user levels for more information see built in authentication summary recommendation unless you have applications or workflows that depend on built in database authentication use iam database authentication whenever possible private networking options when using a private ip address when you configure your instance to use a private ip address you can choose the following private networking options private services access private service connect or both supported features the following table lists the features that cloud sql supports when you connect to an instance that s configured with one or both of the private networking options feature instance with private services access only instance with private service connect only instance with both private services access and private service connect connect from multiple vpcs not supported supported supported by using the private service connect endpoint external replicas supported not supported supported by using outbound connectivity for private services access write endpoint supported not supported supported for private services access change the associated vpc network for private services access supported not applicable not supported for private services access because the instance has private service connect enabled for it not applicable for private service connect visibility of the client ip address to cloud sql supported not supported supported by using the private services access ip address not supported by using the private service connect endpoint remove networking options from an instance cloud sql supports the removal of the following networking options from an instance public ip from an instance with both private services access and public ip public ip from an instance with public ip private services access and private service connect private service connect from an instance with both private service connect and private services access private service connect from an instance with private service connect private services access and public ip enable networking options for an instance you can enable cloud sql supports enabling the following connection options for instances private services access on an instance with public ip only private service connect on an instance with private services access only private service connect on an instance with both private services access and public ip public ip on an instance with private services access only limitations you can t create an instance with both a public ip address and private service connect you can t remove private services access from an instance with private services access and private service connect you can t remove private services access from an instance with private services access and public ip if you have an instance that uses only public ip then you can t enable both private services access and private service con...