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hoose how to connect to cloud sql authorize with authorized networks connect to an instance using public ip configure public ip connect to an instance using private ip learn about using private ip configure private ip configure private services access connect to an instance using a write endpoint private service connect overview connect to an instance using private service connect configure both private services access and private service connect connect to your instance across multiple vpcs connect using ssl tls certificates authorize with ssl tls certificates configure ssl tls certificates manage ssl tls certificates use a customer managed certificate authority ca set up a custom dns name connect using cloud sql language connectors cloud sql language connectors overview connect using the cloud sql language connectors connect using the cloud sql auth proxy about the cloud sql auth proxy connect using the cloud sql auth proxy connect using cloud sql proxy operator use managed connection pooling managed connection pooling overview configure managed connection pooling connect from applications connect using a mysql client connect from cloud run connect from cloud functions connect from app engine standard use phpmyadmin on app engine use phpmyadmin on cloud run connect from app engine flexible connect from compute engine connect from kubernetes engine connect from cloud build manage database connections connect from other mysql tools connect to an instance from outside its vpc replicate about replication in cloud sql create and manage replicas create read replicas manage read replicas create and manage indexes on read replicas promote replicas for regional migration or disaster recovery replication lag create and manage read pools about read pools create a read pool read pool autoscaling configure external replicas replicate from an external server about replicating from an external server configure cloud sql and the external server for replication use a managed import to set up replication from external databases use a dump file to set up replication from external databases use a custom import to set up replication from large external databases migrate data about data migration in cloud sql migrate from a percona xtrabackup physical file migrate from cloud sql to an external server availability and disaster recovery dr availability in cloud sql about high availability ha enable and disable high availability ha legacy configuration for high availability ha about disaster recovery dr use advanced disaster recovery dr back up and restore back up an instance cloud sql backups overview choose your backup option manage standard backups manage enhanced backups manage backups for deleted instances view audit logs for automated backups restore an instance overview restore an instance using a backup configure point in time recovery perform point in time recovery import and export best practices for importing and exporting data export and import using sql dump files export and import using csv files export and import files in parallel cancel the import and export of data check the status of import and export operations develop build generative ai applications using cloud sql integrate cloud sql with vertex ai invoke online predictions understand an example of an embedding workflow build llm powered applications using langchain interact with custom models using model endpoint management overview register a model generate embeddings invoke predictions model endpoint management reference vector search vector search enable and disable vector embeddings generate and manage vector embeddings create and manage vector indexes search and filter with vector embeddings work with vector embeddings preview use cloud sql for mysql with agents use the cloud sql remote mcp server best practices for securing agent interactions with mcp use saved queries overview create and manage saved queries build data agents with conversational analytics query database in natural language with querydata monitor and optimize about database observability monitor and troubleshoot with ai assistance audit audit logs mysql database auditing use mysql database auditing performance capture overview configure performance capture view performance capture logs query performance use query insights use index advisor monitor active queries system performance monitor instances view instance logs use system insights monitor cloud sql using the database insights mcp server apply recommendations create indexes or reconfigure join settings disable public ip enable database auditing enforce ssl tls encryption improve instance reliability by enabling high availability improve performance with enterprise plus increase the table open cache manage open tables and open table definitions manage high number of tables monitor disk availability optimize high cpu usage optimize high memory usage optimize instances with high number of out of memory events prevent data loss by enabling automated backups prevent data loss by increasing backup retention reconfigure connection settings reconfigure log settings reconfigure temporary table settings reduce idle cloud sql instances reduce overprovisioned cloud sql instances reduce underprovisioned cloud sql instances remove authorized networks remove broad public ip ranges rotate server certificates set instance password policies set user password policies use looker with cloud sql troubleshoot known issues troubleshoot error messages debug connection issues diagnose issues orphan tables issues updating storage capacity ai and ml application development application hosting compute data analytics and pipelines databases distributed hybrid and multicloud industry solutions migration networking observability and monitoring security storage access and resources management costs and usage management infrastructure as code sdk languages frameworks and tools home documentation databases cloud sql mysql guides send feedback mysql database auditing stay organized with collections save and categorize content based on your preferences mysql postgresql sql server this topic describes cloud sql for mysql database auditing and the cloud sql for mysql audit plugin to use database auditing now see use mysql database auditing what is database auditing database auditing lets you track specific user actions in the database such as table updates read queries user privilege grants and others database auditing is useful for organizations that need to have a trail of user activity for security reasons or to comply with various financial governmental and iso regulations database auditing is supported for cloud sql for mysql 5 7 8 0 and 8 4 cloud sql for mysql audit plugin database auditing is enabled by the cloud sql for mysql audit plugin or cloudsql_mysql_audit this plugin uses the open mysql audit api to monitor and log activity in mysql the plugin sends logs to cloud logging data access audit logs data access audit logs are disabled by default because audit logs can be quite large you must explicitly enable the logs to use the plugin when the plugin is active the existing audit rules that you have created are applied to generate audit logs for the database when the plugin is deactivated no audit logs are generated for more information about mysql plugins see mysql server plugins who uses database auditing there are three types of users who are involved with database auditing administrators users who administer the database administrators are audit users responsible for enabling and disabling auditing on the instance and for creating new users they also grant auditing permission to auditors administrators may also create delete and update audit rules auditors users who have permission to create delete and update the audit rules they are granted access by administrators clients users whose activity is audited through the audit rules but who aren t audit users and have no administrative or auditing privileges themselves their access is governed by administrators administrators and auditors are also referred to as audit users note these user types are different from the operational roles introduced in mysql 8 0 audit rules database auditing uses audit rules to define combinations of users databases objects operations and statuses that should trigger the creation of an audit log an audit rule contains the following information id autonumeric rule identifier each audit rule has an audit id automatically assigned to it when the rule is created the audit id isn t changeable once created username comma separated list of users and or wildcard patterns you can use asterisks as wildcards for both the user and the host use the asterisk as a suffix a prefix or both in addition users can use the wildcard character only for the host the maximum is 2048 characters dbname comma separated list of database names and or wildcard patterns you can use asterisks as wildcards for both the user and the host use the asterisk as a suffix a prefix or both maximum is 2048 characters object comma separated list of database objects tables functions stored procedures etc names and or wildcard patterns you can use asterisks as wildcards for both the user and the host use the asterisk as a suffix a prefix or both maximum is 2048 characters operation comma separated list of database operations the plugin supports group operations such as ddl dml etc single operations such as update delete etc and wildcards for all operations see the full list of supported operations the plugin also supports operation groups that you can use to audit a group of operations maximum is 2048 characters op_result result of the operation s for auditing successful operations u for auditing unsuccessful operations b for tracking both successful and unsuccessful operations e for creating exclusive rules note exclusive rules take precedence over inclusive rules if a query matches both inclusive and exclusive rules then it won t be audited operation types operation types are the multiple types of activities or operations that you can audit in the database dql read data from the database that is select statements dml add delete or modify data ddl create or modify the structure of database objects in the database dcl manage privileges for users in the database show describe database objections or provide the status of the database call invoke a stored procedure considerations affecting audit logging backups when restoring an instance from a backup or point in time recovery pitr the audit rules also roll back to the time of the backup or the pitr this happens because the audit rules are part of the data stored in the database as are the targets the users and objects the rule is auditing read replicas audit rules are automatically replicated from a primary instance to its read replicas customers can t add remove or modify audit rules on read replicas if you want to change audit rules for a replica you need to update the primary instance s audit rules if you update audit log rules on the primary instance you need to reload the audit rule on the replica in order to ensure the new audit rules are updated on the read replicas as well the following command reloads the audit rule call mysql cloudsql_reload_audit_rule 1 users can enable audit logging on replicas independently of the primary instance after making changes on the primary instance you need to run the reload command or restart the replica instance to make the audit log rules effective database availability during audit log failure if an audit operation fails cloud sql doesn t stop the database activity from completing for example when an instance runs out of disk space and cloud sql can t generate an audit log the database still lets the user perform read queries even if this activity would normally generate an audit log read only instances if an instance has the read_only flag set to true you can t add or update audit rules because they are stored in the tables before you can create update or delete rules you need to remove the read_only flag limitations and known issues log ingestion rate before cloud sql sends audit logs to cloud logging they are temporarily written to the disk of the instance using disk space logs are uploaded to cloud logging and removed from the disk at a rate of 4 mb per second when the load from log generation exceeds the upload rate the instance undergoes an increase in disk usage which can cause your database to run out of disk and crash even if automatic disk storage increases are enabled the increase in disk usage increases costs while using this feature we recommend that you enable automatic storage increases monitor the overall disk usage you can t monitor the load from log generation separately use the cloudsql googleapis com database disk utilization metric in the metrics explorer if necessary reduce the log generation rate by limiting database activity or reducing auditing note if the available disk space is depleted audit logs for some queries might be lost audit unsuccessful operations if your audit rules include auditing for unsuccessful operations op_result is set to u for unsuccessful operations or b for both unsuccessful and successful operations some users might be able to overload your database instance with audit logs by continuously executing unsuccessful operations if the log generation speed exceeds the log ingestion rate unwanted growth in disk usage can occur depleting disk space instead when auditing unsuccessful operations control access at the instance level set up a monitoring or alerting system for the abnormal increase of the unsuccessful operation logs audit rules you can t create more than a total of 1000 audit rule combinations per database instance an audit rule combination is a unique set of a user database object and operations for example an audit rule auditing user1 user2 db1 db2 table1 table2 select delete generates 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 16 combinations creating or updating audit rules fails if the total number of audit rule combinations exceeds 1000 note as you increase the number of audit rule combinations database auditing takes a longer time to match the query thereby reducing the performance of the database unsupported operations currently the following operations are not supported the following functions are unsupported when used as described within select queries with union intersect the where clause nested queries subqueries etc in update delete insert replace statements for example if you have an audit rule to audit object func1 the following aren t audited select func1 from table select from table where a func1 select func1 0 select func1 0 set x func1 a function called directly by select without any operators and without a where clause is audited select func1 select db func1 filtering by ip address isn t supported at this time what s next learn about how to use mysql database auditing 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