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pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33847r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33848r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33849r jpg 12 interior downtown store scenes http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33850r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33851r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33853r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33852r jpg african american durham 13 outside of the depositors national bank of durham http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33700 8a33797r jpg 14 young negro flower vendor outside bank durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33700 8a33798v jpg 15 negro children reading the comics on sunday morning durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov service pnp cph 3c30000 3c30000 3c30500 3c30589v jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33900 8a33943r jpg 16 street in negro quarter of durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8c02000 8c02500 8c02558u tif http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8c02000 8c02500 8c02510r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8c02000 8c02400 8c02458r jpg 17 houses in negro quarter of durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8c02000 8c02500 8c02508r jpg 18 backs of houses in negro quarter hayti durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8c02000 8c02500 8c02505r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8c02000 8c02400 8c02494r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8c02000 8c02400 8c02493r jpg 19 barber shop bob mccain s in negro quarter of durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8c02000 8c02500 8c02509r jpg scenes from the tobacco industry 19 diamond feed store http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33854r jpg 20 tobacco warehouse in durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33855r jpg 21 banner warehouse http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33856r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33857r jpg 22 street scene in durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33858r jpg 23 farmers cafe and pool hall sign outside warehouse http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33859r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33865r jpg 24 poolroom in tobacco warehouse district durham north carolina wolcott marion post 1910 photographer 1939 nov http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a41000 8a41600 8a41684r jpg 25 a cafe near the tobacco market durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov service pnp cph 3c20000 3c29000 3c29800 3c29840v jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33802r jpg 26 cafe in tobacco warehouse district durham north carolina wolcott marion post 1910 photographer 1939 nov http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a41000 8a41600 8a41685r jpg 27 cafe in warehouse district during tobacco auction season durham north carolina wolcott marion post 1910 photographer 1939 nov http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a41000 8a41600 8a41676r jpg 28 outside of the tobacco warehouses carver currin cozart in durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33863r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33864r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33862r jpg 29 cop in durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33860r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33861r jpg 30 farmer supply co roycroft http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33866r jpg 31 at a cattle dealer s dillard gamble establishment durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33867r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33868r jpg 32 roycroft s no 2 http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33869r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33870r jpg 33 home of roycroft family one of the tobacco warehouse owners in durham north carolina wolcott marion post 1910 1990 photographer 1939 nov http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8c11000 8c11300 8c11319r jpg 34 mangum s tobacco warehouse http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33871r jpg http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a33000 8a33800 8a33872r jpg 35 tobacco warehouse durham north carolina delano jack photographer 1940 may http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8c02000 8c02400 8c02472r jpg 36 tobacco auction durham north carolina wolcott marion post 1910 photographer 1939 nov http memory loc gov pnp fsa 8a41000 8a41500 8a41562r jpg posted by mitch fraas at 12 10 pm 3 comments wednesday february 3 2010 more on simeon hester i m not really updating the site anymore but i thought i d post a document i came across recently relating to simeon hester former owner of much of today s watts hillandale and the namesake of hester heights as featured in previous posts 1 2 3 and over at endangered durham simeon hester appears to have been born in 1837 in oxford though the family most likely moved to rougemount shortly afterward simeon joined the orange light artillery 2nd co g 40th nc troops towards the beggining of the civil war the rare book manuscript and special collections library at duke holds copies of three letters relating to the hester family of rougemont adeline hester bowling papers simeon wrote the letter reproduced below while camped in virginia with his regiment the juxtaposition between his tender appreciation of a homemade cake and the disregard he shows the slave laborers building the very defenses he boasts of is jarring but not unexpected from s j hester to his sister addaline camp near drewry s bluff va november the 20th 1862 dear sister it is with pleasure that i have the opportunity of answering your kind most welcome letter which i received knight before last by the hand of henry bowling he reached here about dark stayd with me all knight i was glad to got a letter from you to hear that you was all well i am very much oblige to you for the cake you sent me it was a very nice present was very good it tased like home this leaves me well i hope this yo find you father well enjoying lifes pleasures i have nothing interesting to write to you times is quiet there is upwards of one thousand negroes camped in about one quarter of mile of us they smell as strong as goats in flee time they are throwing up breastwork all over this whole country i think that thirty thousand men can keep one hundred thousand yankees at bay i hardly think they will ever attack this place any more i am afraid they will make a strong attack on weldon some time during winter they tried to cross black water day before yesterday our forces succeded in stopping them taking twelve prisoners they were brought to petersburg yesterday i was there though i did not see them bartlet bowles alexander beasley was over there in the hospille bowles wife was there with him she said she was going to start home in the morning you wanted to know wheather mcfarlin had heard from his son he has not more than he has left petersburg lieutenant dixon did not get him off dixon told me that father lost his pocket book at hillsborough which i was very sorry to hear he did not know how much money they was in it i hope they was not much you must let me know when you wright i will bring this to close give my love to father accept the same your self nothing only to remain your brother simeon hester tell father his neck tie is here simeon and adeline remained in north carolina but their brother davis moved to texas where he wrote a glowing letter back to his siblings in 1870 extolling the richness of the soil and the openness of the land he closed his letter by asking simeon and adeline if they were ready to move themselves simeon obviously chose not to instead buying his massive 576 acre tract in durham in 1873 posted by mitch fraas at 1 51 pm 1 comment friday august 14 2009 durham immigrants like the last post this one is more about documents than maps i was at the state archives in raleigh recently in a quest for some early legal records when i ran across a volume in their durham county collections that caught my eye it was conveyed to the state archives along with other older court records from the superior court building in durham and contains bound copies of all petitions for naturalization and citizenship filed in durham from 1909 22 curious as to the immigrant makeup of durham in the years when north carolina actually saw a drop in total number of foreign born residents i decided to flip through and take some pictures the volume contained naturalization paperwork for around 63 individuals there were some refillings so perhaps this number is slightly higher than actual this out of a durham urban population of 18 231 in 1910 21 719 in 1920 of course this is only reflective of those who actually filed for naturalization while in durham and does not include those immigrants filing elsewhere before moving to durham two of those filing for naturalization were born in the united kingdom both scotland i think three were from cyprus then part of the british empire nine claimed to be greek from greek territories in the aegean many escaping from asia minor during the greco turkish war one was born in belgium and the vast majority 48 had been born in russian territories most if not all of these 48 were from the jewish pale of settlement including many from today s latvia and lithuania the jewish immigrants listed in this particular naturalization volume came well after the wave of jewish tobacco workers of the late 19th century and appear from their petitions and other sources to have been store keepers and small merchants for those interested in these immigrants and durham jewish history more broadly leonard rogoff s recent 2001 book covers the subject in exhaustive detail he also cites this naturalization volume on at least two occasions i ve reproduced a couple of the naturalization petitions to give a sense of what they entailed the above is harry cohen s 1911 petition relating that he was born in russia and had come to the us in 1902 it is witnessed as was required by two us citizens who had known him at least five years in this case two durham jewish merchants including sam hockfield who was then an officer of the durham hebrew congregation unfortunately for harry there is a letter glued to the back of the certificate saying that it had been rendered void because one of the two witnesses seemed to have known him for fewer than the five years required though rogoff describes the generally un hostile reception of jewish immigrants in durham the racialization of eastern european jews is hard to miss in sam swartz s 1909 declaration of intent to become a citizen above it lists his visible distinctive marks as a prominent nose and circumcised accordingto rogoff sam swartz and his wife clara became quite succesful merchants and came to oen substantial real estate in the area by the 1920s these last two snippets from naturalization petitions are of more particular interest to me as documents in and of themselves this snippet is from an attached certificate to a petition it was made in new york at the time of sam berman s arrival into the us i like the use of a nicholas ii emperor of all the russias stamp i would love to get ahold of one and the interchangability of the subject citizen line rogoff claims berman was the first permanent jewish resident of chapel hill in 1914 while almost all of the petitions and documents in the volume have rather florid and literate signatures attached philip kaplan s signature above is decidely rough and indicative of someone less literate at least in roman characters kaplan was a shoemaker from today s lithuania who later brought the rest of his family to durham and finally because i had to include a map below are the addresses of the four people discussed above plotted onto a contemporary satellite view of durham must click to enlarge 1 cohen 2 swartz 3 berman 4 kaplan posted by mitch fraas at 8 02 am 2 comments sunday august 2 2009 agricultural and mechanical census schedules for a few of my previous posts i ve made use of the agricultural and mechanical census schedules which accompanied the more familiar decennial population census unlike the population census though these are a bit harder to find especially online i thought i d link to scans warning somewhat large pdfs i ve made of these schedules for what is now the durham area in 1850 and 1860 the 1850 manufacturing census for all of then orange county takes up only one page you can see that grain mills great map of many of the eno mills and tannery operations make up the majority of manufactures in the county powered by water hand or horse the cheek carriage making business employed the most of any of the recorded industries with six paid male employees the 1860 orange county manufacturing census records the first tobacco factories in the area as well as the shields bennett alpha woolen mil l in today s eno state park s is enumerated as employing 3 men and 5 women to produce jeans etc also enumerated are john leathers an important figure in the last post mill as well as the mill at orange factory which had by far the largest industrial workforce in the county at 20 men and 30 women while the manufacturing censuses are relatively short and cover the entire county the agricultural schedules run to dozens of pages and at least for 1850 it is quite difficult to separate out what we now know as the durham area from the rest of orange county i erred on the side of caution and scanned all the pages with the names of early durham landowners familiar to me you ll notice many names familiar from durham history and durham streets in the 1850 census there are plenty of greens markhams strayhorns mangums lattas etc as well as bartlett durham himself the illustration above shows willis borland s agricultural production for 1849 50 100 bushels of wheat 300 bushels of indian corn 1400 pounds of tobacco and on the continuation not shown 30 bushels of peas and beans and 200 pounds of butter the 1860 agricultural census helpfully situates some enumerated farms in the durhamville post office area but i ve also included additional pages containing farms i know to have been in what is now west durham and elsewhere note on page 11 the truly massive landholdings of william n pratt much of jesse riggsbee s 200 acres p 5 on which he grew 450 bushels of maize and 600 bushels of sweet potatoes became duke s west campus in the 1920s you can find his headstone near wallace wade producing high quality scans from microfilm is somewhat time consuming but i hope someday to also put up the ag and mech schedules from 1870 and 80 in the mean time they are available at the durham county library and at unc nc cou...