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donate create account log in view source for texas revolution add languages article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file page information get shortened url switch to legacy parser in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide texas revolution you do not have permission to edit this page for the following reason this ip address range has been globally blocked this does not affect your ability to read wikipedia pages most people who see this message have done nothing wrong some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong this block affects editing on all wikimedia wikis the ip address or range 5 135 0 0 16 has been globally blocked by jon kolbert for the following reason s open proxy webhost visit the faq if you are affected this block will expire on 04 29 8 january 2027 your current ip address is 5 135 42 194 even while globally blocked you will usually still be able to edit pages on meta wiki if you believe you were blocked by mistake you can find additional information and instructions in the stewards block wizard other useful links global blocks help i have been blocked you can view and copy the source of this page texian offensive october december 1835 gonzales main battle of gonzales file gonzales flag jpg thumb upright alt a white flag with a five pointed star over the outline of a small cannon with the words come and take it below the left corner of the flag has been torn off and sewn back on a reproduction of the original come and take it flag which flew during the battle of gonzales file texas flag come and take it svg thumb right 200px modern representation of the come and take it flag texians flew during the battle of gonzales in the early 1830s the army loaned the citizens of gonzales texas gonzales a small cannon for protection against indian raids sfn edmondson 2000 p 74 after a mexican soldier bludgeoned a gonzales resident on september 10 1835 tensions rose even further and mexican authorities felt it unwise to leave the settlers with a weapon sfn winders 2004 p 57 colonel domingo de ugartechea commander of all mexican military forces in texas sent a small detachment of troops to retrieve the cannon sfn hardin 1994 p 7 after settlers escorted the group from town without the cannon ugartechea sent 100 dragoon s with lieutenant francisco de castañeda to demand compliance with orders to avoid force if possible sfn hardin 1994 p 7 sfn davis 2006 p 138 many of the settlers believed mexican authorities were manufacturing an excuse to attack the town and eliminate the militia sfn davis 2006 p 137 texians stalled castañeda s attempts to negotiate the cannon s return for several days as they waited for reinforcements from other colonies sfn davis 2006 pp 139 140 in the early hours of october 2 approximately 140 texian volunteers attacked castañeda s force after a brief skirmish castañeda requested a meeting with texian leader john henry moore texas settler john henry moore castañeda revealed that he shared their federalist leanings but that he was honor bound to follow orders as moore returned to camp the texians raised a homemade white banner with an image of the cannon painted in black in the center over the words come and take it come and take it realizing that he was outnumbered and outgunned castañeda led his troops back to béxar sfn hardin 1994 p 12 in this first battle of the revolution two mexican soldiers were killed and one texian was injured when he fell off his horse sfn davis 2006 p 142 although the event was as characterized by historian william c davis historian william c davis an inconsequential skirmish in which one side did not try to fight texians soon declared it a victory over mexican troops sfn davis 2006 p 142 news of the skirmish spread throughout the united states encouraging many adventurers to come to texas to join the fight sfn hardin 1994 p 13 volunteers continued to arrive in gonzales on october 11 the troops unanimously elected austin who had no official military experience the leader of the group he had dubbed the texian army army of the people sfn winders 2004 p 55 sfn hardin 1994 p 26 from the beginning the volunteer army proved to have little discipline austin s first official order was to remind his men that they were expected to obey their commanding officers sfn winders 2004 p 55 buoyed by their victory the texians were determined to drive the mexican army out of texas and they began preparing to march to béxar sfn winders 2004 p 57 gulf coast campaign after learning that texian troops had attacked castañeda at gonzales cos made haste for béxar unaware of his departure on october 6 texians in matagorda marched on presidio la bahía in goliad texas goliad to kidnap him and steal the 50 000 that was rumored to accompany him sfn hardin 1994 p 14 on october 10 approximately 125 volunteers including 30 tejanos battle of goliad stormed the presidio the mexican garrison surrendered after a thirty minute battle sfn hardin 1994 pp 15 17 one or two texians were wounded and three mexican soldiers were killed with seven more wounded sfn davis 2006 p 148 the texians established themselves in the presidio under the command of captain philip dimmitt who immediately sent all the local tejano volunteers to join austin on the march to béxar sfn lack 1992 p 190 at the end of the month dimmitt sent a group of men under ira westover to engage the mexican garrison at fort lipantitlán near san patricio texas san patricio sfn hardin 1994 p 42 late on november 3 the texians took the undermanned fort without firing a shot sfn hardin 1994 p 44 after dismantling the fort they prepared to return to goliad the remainder of the mexican garrison which had been out on patrol approached sfn davis 2006 p 176 the mexican troops were accompanied by 15 20 loyal centralists from san patricio including all members of the ayuntamiento sfn lack 1992 p 157 after a battle of lipantitlán thirty minute skirmish the mexican soldiers and texian centralists retreated sfn hardin 1994 p 46 with their departure the texian army controlled the gulf coast forcing mexican commanders to send all communication with the mexican interior overland the slower land journey left cos unable to quickly request or receive reinforcements or supplies sfn davis 2006 p 176 sfn hardin 1994 pp 17 19 on their return to goliad westover s group encountered governor viesca after being freed by sympathetic soldiers viesca had immediately traveled to texas to recreate the state government dimmitt welcomed viesca but refused to recognize his authority as governor this caused an uproar in the garrison as many supported the governor dimmitt declared martial law and soon alienated most of the local residents sfn lack 1992 pp 190 191 over the next few months the area between goliad and refugio texas refugio descended into civil war goliad native carlos de la garza texas carlos de la garza led a guerrilla warfare campaign against the texian troops sfn lack 1992 pp 162 163 according to historian paul lack the texian antiguerilla tactics did too little to crush out opposition but quite enough to sway the uncommitted toward the centralists sfn lack 1992 p 162 siege of béxar main siege of béxar while dimmitt supervised the forces along the gulf coast austin led his men towards béxar to engage cos and his troops sfn barr 1990 p 6 confident that they would quickly rout the mexican troops many consultation delegates chose to join the military unable to reach a quorum the consultation was postponed until november 1 sfn lack 1992 p 41 on october 16 the texians paused convert 25 mi km from béxar austin sent a messenger to cos giving the requirements the texians would need to lay down their arms and avoid the sad consequences of the civil war which unfortunately threatens texas sfn davis 2006 pp 150 151 cos replied that mexico would not yield to the dictates of foreigners sfn davis 2006 p 151 image martin perfecto de cos jpg left thumb upright alt black and white drawing of a man shown from mid chest up he is wearing a military jacket with a high collar general martín perfecto de cos the approximately 650 mexican troops quickly built barricades throughout the town sfn winders 2004 p 57 sfn davis 2006 p 152 within days the texian army about 450 strong initiated a siege of béxar sfn davis 2006 p 152 and gradually moved their camp nearer béxar sfn barr 1990 p 19 on october 27 an advance party led by james bowie and james fannin chose mission concepción as the next campsite and sent for the rest of the texian army sfn barr 1990 p 22 on learning that the texians were temporarily divided ugartechea led troops to engage bowie and fannin s men sfn barr 1990 p 23 the mexican cavalry was unable to fight effectively in the wooded riverbottom terrain and the weapons of the mexican infantry had a much shorter range than those of the texians sfn barr 1990 p 26 after three mexican infantry attacks were repulsed ugartechea called for a retreat sfn hardin 1994 p 33 one texian soldier had died and between 14 and 76 mexican soldiers were killed efn harvtxt barr 1990 p 26 claims 14 mexican soldiers died harvtxt todish todish spring 1998 p 23 estimated 60 mexican casualties harvtxt hardin 1994 p 34 claims 76 mexican soldiers died although texas tech university professor emeritus alwyn barr noted that the battle of concepción should have taught lessons on mexican courage and the value of a good defensive position sfn barr 1990 p 60 texas history expert stephen hardin believes that the relative ease of the victory at concepción instilled in the texians a reliance on their long rifles and a contempt for their enemies sfn hardin 1994 p 35 as the weather turned colder and rations grew smaller groups of texians began to leave most without permission sfn barr 1990 p 29 morale was boosted on november 18 when the first group of volunteers from the united states the new orleans greys joined the texian army sfn barr 1990 p 35 sfn hardin 1994 p 60 unlike the majority of the texian volunteers the greys looked like soldiers with uniforms well maintained rifles adequate ammunition and some semblance of discipline sfn hardin 1994 p 60 after austin resigned his command to become a commissioner to the united states soldiers elected edward burleson as their new commander sfn hardin 1994 p 62 on november 26 burleson received word that a mexican packhorse pack train of mules and horses accompanied by 50 100 mexican soldiers was within convert 5 mi km of béxar sfn barr 1990 p 39 sfn hardin 1994 p 64 after a near mutiny burleson sent bowie and william h jack with cavalry and infantry to intercept the supplies sfn hardin 1994 p 64 sfn edmondson 2000 p 237 in the subsequent skirmish the mexican forces were forced to retreat to béxar leaving their cargo behind to the disappointment of the texians the saddlebags contained only fodder for the horses for this reason the battle was later known as the grass fight sfn edmondson 2000 p 238 although the victory briefly uplifted the texian troops morale continued to fall as the weather turned colder and the men grew bored sfn edmondson 2000 p 224 after several proposals to take béxar by force were voted down by the texian troops sfn davis 2006 pp 179 181 on december 4 burleson proposed that the army lift the siege and retreat to goliad until spring in a last effort to avoid a retreat colonel ben milam personally recruited units to participate in an attack the following morning milam and colonel frank w johnson led several hundred texians into the city over the next four days texians fought their way from house to house towards the fortified plazas near the center of town efn milam was killed by a sharpshooter on december 7 sfn edmondson 2000 p 243 sfn edmondson 2000 p 243 cos received 650 reinforcements on december 8 sfn winders 2004 p 64 but to his dismay most of them were raw recruits including many convicts still in chains sfn todish todish spring 1998 p 26 instead of being helpful the reinforcements were mainly a drain on the dwindling food supplies sfn winders 2004 p 64 seeing few other options on december 9 cos and the bulk of his men withdrew into the alamo mission on the outskirts of béxar cos presented a plan for a counterattack cavalry officers believed that they would be surrounded by texians and refused their orders sfn barr 1990 p 55 possibly 175 soldiers from four of the cavalry companies left the mission and rode south mexican officers later claimed the men misunderstood their orders and were not deserting sfn todish todish spring 1998 p 26 the following morning cos surrendered sfn barr 1990 p 56 under the terms of the surrender cos and his men would leave texas and no longer fight against supporters of the constitution of 1824 sfn barr 1990 p 58 with his departure there was no longer an organized garrison of mexican troops in texas sfn barr 1990 p 64 and many of the texians believed that the war was over sfn hardin 1994 p 91 burleson resigned his leadership of the army on december 15 and returned to his home many of the men did likewise and johnson assumed command of the 400 soldiers who remained sfn barr 1990 p 58 sfn todish todish spring 1998 p 29 according to barr the large number of american volunteers in béxar contributed to the mexican view that texian opposition stemmed from outside influences sfn barr 1990 p 63 in reality of the 1 300 men who volunteered to fight for the texian army in october and november 1835 only 150 200 arrived from the united states after october 2 the rest were residents of texas with an average immigration date of 1830 efn if those who arrived after the battle of gonzales are included the average immigration date is 1832 sfn lack 1992 pp 114 115 volunteers came from every municipality including those that were partially occupied by mexican forces sfn lack 1992 pp 114 115 however as residents returned to their homes following cos s surrender the texian army composition changed dramatically of the volunteers serving from january through march 1836 78 percent had arrived from the united states after october 2 1835 efn these numbers are gathered from a combination of surviving muster rolls and veteran applications for land grants it is likely that the statistics on the texian army size in both 1835 and 1836 underestimate the number of tejanos who served in the army american volunteers who returned to the u s without claiming land are also undercounted sfn lack 1992 p 113 sfn lack 1992 pp 122 123 return to texas revolution retrieved from https en wikipedia org wiki texas_revolution privacy policy about wikipedia 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