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its main theoretical reference points are emancipation emancipatory forms of citizenship and the reflexive appropriation of space ref cite journal last boscaljon first daniel date spring 2014 title the reflexive appropriation of space journal iowa journal of cultural studies volume 15 pages 3 11 doi 10 17077 2168 569x 1438 doi access free ref reference points in citizenship education spatial citizenship can be distinguished from traditional citizenship education approaches in many respects spatial citizenship respects multiple institutional and locational setups it is de linked from traditional national citizenship as it is not tied to the nation or local state as predefined spatial entities spatial citizenship is based upon the principles of human rights and democracy democratic negotiation to ensure a basis for conciliation and compromise citation needed date april 2016 it is based on the concept of activist citizenship in contrast to active citizenship formulated by katharyne mitchell and sarah elwood who challenge unquestioned social rules that limit participation ref cite journal last1 elwood first1 sarah last2 mitchell first2 katharyne date winter 2013 title another politics is possible neogeographies visual spatial tactics and political formation journal cartographica volume 48 issue 4 pages 275 292 doi 10 3138 carto 48 4 1729 s2cid 39108360 url https www researchgate net publication 265895477 quote recognizing neogeography as a site of political formation paves the way toward realizing its broader potential in the development and practice of a critical spatial citizenship we develop these arguments from a three year neogeography project conducted with young teens as an example of neogeography politics conceived as strategy gryl and jekel 2012 argue that collaborative online geo media which has been termed neogeography in this article can be sites for the development and practice of critical spatial citizenship they argue that this critical spatial citizenship depends upon citizens abilities to engage in strategic practices de certeau 1984 such as having the cartographic and spatial thinking skills necessary to use geo media in ways that will be recognized by policymakers or other citizens and to use these platforms to disseminate their own spatial narratives or challenge those put forth by others ref spatial citizenship refers to an open and flexible conception of social institutions it supplants the notion of belonging to one specific place with the notion of belonging to multiple and fluid community communities that may or may not be linked with a particular location on the earth s surface angharad stephens and vicki squire have argued that societal negotiation processes have shifted away from fixed communities due to new information technologies ref cite journal last1 stephens first1 angharad closs last2 squire first2 vicki date june 2012 title politics through a web citizenship and community unbound journal environment and planning d society and space volume 30 issue 3 pages 551 567 doi 10 1068 d8511 bibcode 2012enpld 30 551s s2cid 145679558 url http dro dur ac uk 13714 1 13714 pdf quote what happens to citizenship when the nation and the state are no longer assumed to be the inevitable starting points from which politics is defined this article considers how a refusal of the nation as political community and a questioning of the state as guarantor of rights and responsibilities reconfigure our understandings of citizenship ref ref cite book last1 carlos first1 vânia last2 gryl first2 inga date 2013 chapter where do critical thinking and spatial citizenship meet proposing a framework of intersections editor1 last jekel editor1 first thomas editor2 last car editor2 first adrijana editor3 last strobl editor3 first josef editor4 last griesebner editor4 first gerald title creating the gisociety conference proceedings location berlin offenbach publisher herbert wichmann verlag pages 306 316 isbn 9783879075324 oclc 854921245 chapter url https www researchgate net publication 270818697 quote consequently every citizen can produce own spatial narratives and can communicate and negotiate them with others in fluent web communities closs stephens squire 2012 this links to concepts of emancipated citizenship education e g bennett wells rank 2009 mitchell elwood 2012 aimed to challenge existing frameworks of rules referring to an ideological approach that considers power relations and divergent interests in society as driving forces ref spatial citizenship draws special attention to web community web communities and geo social networks a spatial citizen is a self actualizing citizen who in contrast to the dutiful citizen concept of the past is able to use web 2 0 and cloud computing cloud based applications to compare different and potentially contradicting information sources and communicate his her own alternative ideas via collaboration collaborative web tools ref cite journal author link1 w lance bennett last1 bennett first1 w lance last2 wells first2 chris last3 rank first3 allison date april 2009 title young citizens and civic learning two paradigms of citizenship in the digital age journal citizenship studies volume 13 issue 2 pages 105 120 doi 10 1080 13621020902731116 s2cid 32724864 url https www researchgate net publication 248984320 quote the preponderance of school based civic education programs reflects traditional paradigms of dutiful citizenship dc oriented to government through parties and voting with citizens forming attentive publics who follow events in the news the authors expand upon these conventional learning categories by identifying additional civic learning opportunities that reflect more self actualizing ac styles of civic participation common among recent generations of youth who have been termed digital natives their ac learning styles favor interactive networked activities often communicated through participatory media such as videos shared across online networks ref ref cite journal last1 gryl first1 inga last2 jekel first2 thomas date 2012 title re centring geoinformation in secondary education toward a spatial citizenship approach journal cartographica volume 47 issue 1 pages 18 28 doi 10 3138 carto 47 1 18 doi access ref reference points in social geography appropriation of space spatial citizenship has become a conceptual reference point in theories of action oriented social geography and new cultural geography ref name jekel2015 cite book last1 jekel first1 thomas last2 gryl first2 inga last3 schulze first3 uwe date 2015 chapter education for spatial citizenship editor1 last solari editor1 first osvaldo muñiz editor2 last demirci editor2 first ali editor3 last schee editor3 first joop title geospatial technologies and geography education in a changing world geospatial practices and lessons learned location tōkyō new york publisher springer verlag pages 35 49 isbn 9784431555186 oclc 900306594 doi 10 1007 978 4 431 55519 3_4 ref these approaches contend that human beings constantly appropriate spaces as they attach meanings to geographically located physical matter in order to prepare it for their own actions ref cite book last werlen first benno date 1993 title society action and space an alternative human geography location london new york publisher routledge isbn 978 0415069656 oclc 25372963 ref page needed date april 2016 in these theories spaces are regarded as being social constructionism socially constructed to a large extent the attachment of meaning works unconsciously following socially accepted mainstream categories and discourse s citation needed date april 2016 meanings given to physical objects determine the actions deemed possible for instance a field of asphalt in a city centre might have multiple meanings it may be interpreted as a parking area as well as a place for ball games with both meanings competing for dominance as soon as one meaning becomes superior which is a result of power social and political social power relations the other meaning may decline become invisible and eventually is not used anymore the superiority of a specific meaning over another one might be supported by artifacts representing meanings attached such as signs on buildings structural modifications of the physical environment or symbols and explanations of the socio cultural significance of places and objects in spatial representations visualized via geo media citation needed date april 2016 a mature appropriation of space therefore includes the conscious attachment of meaning as well as awareness of meanings being attached to places by others it includes a sensibility to the multitude of meanings transported and hidden by a mainstream discourse keys to the mature appropriation of space are therefore the deconstruction of socially produced meanings as well as the ability to communicate one s own potentially contradictory meanings and negotiate them with others this process is often mediated through the formation of a collective spatialized identity given that space its uses and symbolic significance is often the site of social and political struggle it becomes the container for action while at the same time shaping the group development of an us in particular when groups re imagine public space for political usages this expression of spatial citizenship is the outcome of a spatially informed collective identity ref name js cite journal doi 10 1080 14742837 2013 822782 title protest through presence spatial citizenship and identity formation in contestations of neoliberal crises journal social movement studies volume 13 issue 3 pages 309 327 year 2014 last1 sbicca first1 joshua last2 perdue first2 robert todd s2cid 143659468 url http libres uncg edu ir asu f robert_perdue_2014_protest_through_presence_orig x pdf ref spatial citizenship in the geoinformation society geographic media geo media are especially important for attaching meaning to places as they clearly connect location information and visualization in addition to this geo media represent mainly single meanings out of the many that are possible nowadays geo media have become more and more present in everyday life due to mobile computing in combination with geoweb applications for instance maps on smart phone s guide people in their everyday actions but at the same time limit their opportunities for action by limiting the variety of potential meanings ref cite book last fischer first florian date 2014 chapter everyday geomedia use and the appropriation of space editor1 last jekel editor1 first thomas editor2 last sanchez editor2 first eric editor3 last gryl editor3 first inga editor4 last juneau sion editor4 first caroline editor5 last lyon editor5 first john title learning and teaching with geomedia location newcastle upon tyne uk publisher cambridge scholars publishing pages 10 28 isbn 9781443862134 oclc 885014629 chapter url https books google com books id fdxqbwaaqbaj pg pa10 ref scholars of spatial citizenship understand geo media as instruments of human self reflection reflection and communication reflection on geo media means reflecting on the limitations of previously given meanings by using theories of critical cartography to ask which aspects of potential relevance for a certain spatial problem or decision making are included and excluded in the given meanings ref cite journal last harley first john brian date summer 1989 title deconstructing the map journal cartographica volume 26 issue 2 pages 1 20 doi 10 3138 e635 7827 1757 9t53 url http quod lib umich edu p passages 4761530 0003 008 rgn main view fulltext ref at the same time self reflection requires being aware of one s own subjectivity subjective hypothesis construction while using geo media ref cite book last1 maceachren first1 alan m last2 buttenfield first2 barbara p last3 campbell first3 james b last4 dibiase first4 david w last5 monmonier first5 mark date 1992 chapter visualization editor1 last abler editor1 first ronald editor2 last marcus editor2 first melvin g editor3 last olson editor3 first judy m title geography s inner worlds pervasive themes in contemporary american geography series occasional publications of the association of american geographers volume 2 location new brunswick nj publisher rutgers university press pages https archive org details geographysinnerw00able page 99 99 137 isbn 978 0813518299 oclc 25008961 chapter url https archive org details geographysinnerw00able page 99 ref both aspects allow for a more mature appropriation of space with geo media while being aware of and gaining insight into the construction process of meanings attached to space communication with geo media means communicating using spatial representations thanks to usability user friendly web mapping tools within the geoweb users prosumer s can easily produce their own geo media and share it web wide collaboration features allow for the negotiation of constructions of space with other users for example through volunteered geographic information vgi the study of spatial citizenship examines subjectivity impact on everyday action social power relations competition and negotiation in vgi citation needed date april 2016 spatial citizenship also aims at increasing awareness of geographic information produced involuntarily by users through automatic data collection that many geoweb platforms especially mobile phones include to support the interests of service providers see location based service s education the goal of education for spatial citizenship is to enable learners to achieve a reflexive appropriation of space as the basis for mature action in space by reflective geo media use and active reflective geo media production ref name jekel2015 using a broad variety of learning environments oriented toward the learners needs the educational approach of spatial citizenship is applicable at different levels from primary education primary to tertiary education apart from technological proficiency spatial citizenship education aims at two additional main competencies being able to achieve a reflective use of geo media while understanding the process of the social construction of spaces with the result of either consciously accepting given meanings or producing alternative meanings being able to communicate alternative meanings effectively with geo media and using geo media as instruments to support argumentation in negotiation processes on contradictory meanings scientific response the european commission funded project spacit furthers education for spatial citizenship by developing teacher training standards curriculum curricula and learning modules for teacher education ref cite web title spacit education for spatial citizenship url http www spatialcitizenship org publisher european commission access date 2012 10 29 ref another eu funded project digital earth eu linked with the spacit project by connecting stakeholders using or interested in using geo media in educati...