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1951 in science wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 astronomy and space science 2 biology 3 chemistry 4 computer science 5 history of science and technology 6 mathematics 7 medicine 8 physics 9 psychology 10 technology 11 organizations 12 awards 13 births 14 deaths 15 references toggle the table of contents 1951 in science 12 languages français עברית hrvatski magyar македонски norsk nynorsk norsk bokmål polski português русский svenska 閩南語 bân lâm gí edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia overview of the events of 1951 in science list of years in science table 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 art archaeology architecture literature music philosophy science v t e 1951 in science 1950 1952 fields archaeology technology sustainable energy research computing transportation technology social sciences psychology terrestrial environment environment and environmental sciences tornado research other related literature philosophy timeline of cosmological theories list of open letters by academics history of technology by type list of science timelines v t e the year 1951 in science and technology involved some significant events listed below astronomy and space science edit july 22 soviet space dogs dezik and tsygan become the first to enter space in a 15 minute sub orbital spaceflight from kapustin yar in an r 1 rocket being safely parachuted back to earth 1 biology edit nesting pairs of the bermuda petrel thought to have been extinct for more than 300 years are found niko tinbergen publishes the study of instinct chemistry edit may 28 oliver h lowry submits his lowry protein assay procedure for publication 2 october 15 the progestin norethisterone significant in creation of the combined oral contraceptive pill is synthesized by carl djerassi luis e miramontes and george rosenkranz at syntex in mexico city computer science edit february ferranti deliver their first mark 1 computer to the university of manchester uk it is the world s first commercially available general purpose electronic computer 3 march 30 remington rand delivers the first univac i computer to the united states census bureau it is inaugurated on june 14 4 may 5 the ferranti nimrod computer is presented at the science museum london during the festival of britain it is designed exclusively to play nim using panels of lights the first instance of a digital computer designed specifically to play a game 5 july maurice wilkes introduces the concept of microprogramming 6 7 8 november 29 leo becomes the first computer to run a full commercial business application for the british bakers j lyons and co 9 edvac binary electronic stored program computer incorporating high speed delay line memory begins operation at the united states army s ballistics research laboratory at aberdeen proving ground 10 publication of sancti thomae aquinatis hymnorum ritualium varia specimina concordantiarum a first example of word index automatically compiled and printed by ibm punched card machines a concordance to work by thomas aquinas produced by ibm under the direction of roberto busa an early instance of the use of data processing machinery in humanities research history of science and technology edit july the term industrial archaeology is first used in print in britain 11 karl huber s biography of leibniz is published posthumously hans reichenbach s book the rise of scientific philosophy is published 12 mathematics edit edward h simpson describes simpson s paradox in statistics 13 14 medicine edit august 15 1951 pont saint esprit mass poisoning a fatal outbreak probably of ergotism in southern france richard asher describes münchausen syndrome 15 the continental united states becomes malaria free 16 17 physics edit may 8 operation greenhouse the first thermonuclear weapon developed by edward teller and stanislaw ulam is tested in the george test on enewetok atoll in the marshall islands by the united states psychology edit solomon asch begins publication of his conformity experiments showing how group pressure can persuade an individual to conform to an obviously wrong opinion the world health organization s report on maternal deprivation maternal care and mental health written by english psychologist john bowlby is published 18 technology edit may carl a wiley publishes the concept of the solar sail 19 june carl a wiley invents synthetic aperture radar 20 july 4 william shockley of bell labs in the united states announces the invention jointly with john bardeen and walter brattain of the grown junction transistor 21 also this year general electric and rca develop the alloy junction transistor george downing builds the rocket the first surfboard with a removable fin 22 23 organizations edit august 18 indian institute of technology kharagpur inaugurated in west bengal as the first of the indian institutes of technology c september james watson joins francis crick under max perutz in the uk medical research council s unit for research on the molecular structure of biological systems at the cavendish laboratory in the university of cambridge led by sir lawrence bragg awards edit nobel prizes physics john douglas cockcroft ernest thomas sinton walton chemistry edwin mattison mcmillan glenn theodore seaborg medicine max theiler copley medal david keilin wollaston medal for geology olaf holtedahl births edit january 19 shimon sakaguchi japanese immunologist recipient of nobel prize in physiology or medicine 2025 march 21 martin sweeting english microsatellite pioneer march 26 carl wieman american physicist recipient of nobel prize in physics 2001 24 april 14 greg winter english biochemist recipient of nobel prize in chemistry 2018 may chen saijuan chinese molecular biologist may 15 frank wilczek american physicist recipient of nobel prize in physics 2004 25 may 18 ben feringa dutch organic chemist recipient of nobel prize in chemistry 2016 may 26 sally ride died 2012 american physicist and astronaut july 1 niels krabbe danish ornithologist july 4 susumu kitagawa japanese chemist recipient of nobel prize in chemistry 2025 august 24 robin mcleod died 2024 canadian surgeon september 14 duncan haldane english born condensed matter physicist recipient of nobel prize in physics 2016 september 18 john clark died 2004 english molecular biologist september 30 barry marshall australian physician recipient of nobel prize in physiology or medicine 2005 october 27 carlos frenk mexican cosmologist december 18 radia perlman american computer software designer and network engineer deaths edit january 7 lucien cuénot born 1866 french biologist january 13 dorothea bate born 1878 british paleozoologist january 30 ferdinand porsche born 1875 german automobile engineer march 19 jacob christiaan koningsberger born 1867 dutch biologist and politician 26 april 6 robert broom born 1866 scottish born south african paleontologist april 9 vilhelm bjerknes born 1862 norwegian physicist and meteorologist april 22 horace donisthorpe born 1870 english entomologist april 26 arnold sommerfeld born 1868 german physicist may 5 john flynn born 1880 australian medical services pioneer 27 may 16 françois hussenot born 1912 french aviation engineer in aviation accident october 4 henrietta lacks born 1921 african american source of the hela cell line october 6 otto fritz meyerhof born 1884 german born physician and biochemist december 11 christopher addison 1st viscount addison born 1869 english anatomist and politician references edit siddiqi asif 2000 challenge to apollo the soviet union and the space race 1945 1974 pdf nasa p 95 lowry oliver h rosebrough nira j farr a lewis randall rose j 1951 11 01 protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent journal of biological chemistry 193 1 265 75 doi 10 1016 s0021 9258 19 52451 6 pmid 14907713 lavington simon hugh society british computer 1998 a history of manchester computers british computer society isbn 978 1 902505 01 5 50th anniversary of the univac i cnn 2001 06 14 retrieved 2010 04 20 welcome to nimrod archived from the original on 23 july 2011 retrieved 2011 06 21 wilkes maurice 1951 the best way to design an automatic computing machine report of manchester university computer inaugural conference pp 16 18 wilkes m v wheeler d j gill s 1951 the preparation of programs for an electronic digital computer with special reference to the edsac and the use of a library of subroutines cambridge massachusetts addison wesley press wilkes m v 1969 the growth of interest in microprogramming a literature survey acm computing surveys 1 3 139 145 doi 10 1145 356551 356553 s2cid 10673679 ferry georgina 2004 4 a computer called leo lyons tea shops and the world s first office computer london harper perennial isbn 978 1 84115 186 1 wilkes m v 1956 automatic digital computers new york wiley rix michael july 1951 birmingham history today 1 7 59 university of california press simpson edward h 1951 the interpretation of interaction in contingency tables journal of the royal statistical society series b 13 2 238 241 doi 10 1111 j 2517 6161 1951 tb00088 x blyth colin r 1972 on simpson s paradox and the sure thing principle journal of the american statistical association 67 338 364 366 doi 10 2307 2284382 jstor 2284382 asher richard 10 february 1951 munchausen s syndrome the lancet 1 6650 339 341 doi 10 1016 s0140 6736 51 92313 6 pmid 14805062 yong ed 2014 03 25 scientists race to eliminate malaria as wonder drug loses its powers cnn 7 devastating infectious diseases livescience com 2020 02 10 bretherton i 1992 the origins of attachment theory john bowlby and mary ainsworth developmental psychology 28 5 759 775 doi 10 1037 0012 1649 28 5 759 writing as russel saunders in a fictional story are the clipper ships gone forever in astounding science fiction love allan w june 1985 in memory of carl a wiley ieee antennas and propagation society newsletter 27 3 17 18 doi 10 1109 map 1985 27810 wiley c a may 1985 synthetic aperture radars a paradigm for technology evolution ieee transactions on aerospace and electronic systems aes 21 3 440 443 bibcode 1985itaes 21 440w doi 10 1109 taes 1985 310578 s2cid 6691398 1951 first grown junction transistors fabricated computer history museum 2007 archived from the original on 2012 09 29 retrieved 2025 02 16 howard jake 2018 saying goodbye to the first surfer to turn a board stabmag com retrieved 2019 12 30 marcus ben 2013 11 15 365 surfboards the coolest raddest most innovative boards from around the world voyageur press p 93 isbn 9781610588553 retrieved 2019 12 30 leroy francis 2003 a century of nobel prizes recipients chemistry physics and medicine new york dekker p 226 isbn 9780824708764 the time almanac information please llc 2011 p 75 doel h w van den 2013 11 12 koningsberger jacob christiaan 1867 1951 huygens institute for the history of the netherlands in dutch archived from the original on 2019 07 20 retrieved 2024 05 07 john flynn biography royal flying doctor service retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1951_in_science oldid 1315976981 categories 1951 in science 20th century in science 1950s in science hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata cs1 long volume value cs1 dutch language sources nl this page was last edited on 9 october 2025 at 19 32 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents 1951 in science 12 languages add topic