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nice raymond rosetta reitz adrienne rich florence rush kathie sarachild alix kates shulman valerie solanas gloria steinem john stoltenberg michele wallace marilyn salzman webb ellen willis harriet wistrich monique wittig laura x groups cell 16 chicago women s liberation union coalition against trafficking in women deep green resistance lesbian organization of toronto michigan womyn s music festival mountain moving coffeehouse new york radical feminists new york radical women redstockings stop porn culture the feminists the furies collective womad women against pornography women s liberation center women s liberation front wolf issues 4 nos child sexual abuse false consciousness feminism lesbian second wave feminist separatism feminist views on transgender topics gender role male privilege patriarchy political lesbianism pornography feminist views on pornography postgenderism prostitution feminist views reproductive rights sexism misogyny internalized sexism social construction of gender violence against women media books the dialectic of sex the case for feminist revolution 1970 sexual politics 1970 sisterhood is powerful 1970 the myth of the vaginal orgasm 1970 the female eunuch 1970 lesbian nation 1973 woman hating 1974 against our will men women and rape 1974 pornography men possessing women 1981 ain t i a woman 1981 against sadomasochism 1982 feminist theory from margin to center 1984 sisterhood is global 1984 intercourse 1987 feminism unmodified 1987 toward a feminist theory of the state 1989 the straight mind and other essays 1992 only words 1993 scapegoat the jews israel and women s liberation 2000 sisterhood is forever 2003 the industrial vagina 2008 other off our backs 1970 2008 scum manifesto 1967 she s beautiful when she s angry 2014 other consciousness raising cultural feminism herstory miss america protest 1968 radical lesbianism womyn s land feminism portal v t e part of a series on progressivism history age of enlightenment industrial revolution progressive era new culture movement civil rights movement counterculture of the 1960s occupy wall street principles direct democracy economic development broad measures gender equality human enhancement intersectionality liberation theology minority rights indigenous rights lgbtq rights multiculturalism modernism post moral universalism progress progressive education in latin america progressive stack progressive nationalism progressive taxation religious liberalism reparations for slavery in the us scientific management social change social constructivism social justice social justice warrior social organization solidarity unionism strategic essentialism sustainable design eugenics ecological engineering sustainable development welfare state women s suffrage workplace democracy youth rights variants capitalist confucian conservative economic liberal realist socialist supply side techno intellectuals abbott edith addams alinsky ajamu x beveridge brandeis breckinridge hooks kahane klein meyers perez rosselli stein su varoufakis walia west politicians albanese anderson burnham butler corbyn cuza drees gerhardsen hessel hontiveros kirchner lópez lula mandela obrador roosevelt franklin roosevelt theodore sanders sheinbaum warren organizations amadeu antonio foundation asha blmgnf brennan center for justice cgs color of change democracy alliance ella baker center for human rights equality and human rights commission enar fabian society coefficients firm ford foundation humanitarian league ilga world incar ippa macarthur foundation movement for black lives no one is illegal nwro new sds osf our revolution pfaw progressive alliance progressive international progressive league progressive majority progressnow red flare rwjf sftp tides foundation movements black lives matter economy for the common good ethical labour lgbtq movements factions reformism historical social hygiene taiwan independence left yimby regional variants asia turkey ecevitism kemalism japan south korea taiwan bangladesh latin america argentina kirchnerism brazil lulism north america united states modern liberalism sandersism related topics accelerationism communitarianism counterculture of the 1960s critical theory democratic capitalism democratic socialism red green alliance left libertarianism libertarian socialism left wing populism liberalism classical radicalism liberalism and progressivism within islam social liberalism u s modern u s progressive liberalism and the new deal new left pink tide progressive christianity progressive era progress studies progressive neoliberalism socialism social democracy technocracy tumblr woke politics portal v t e 4b or four nos is a south korean radical feminist 1 movement whose proponents do not date men marry men have sex with men or have children with men 2 the name refers to its defining four tenets which all start with the korean language term bi korean 비 hanja 非 3 the prefix bi is sino korean in origin functioning similarly to the english prefix un or non because it sounds like the letter b the movement s name simultaneously functions as a number and an acronym 4 the movement emerged between 2017 and 2019 5 6 on twitter 7 and on the website womad it has since spread internationally namely to the united states after the 2024 us presidential election 8 some perceive the movement as a representation of anti family values claiming it promotes misandry and escalates gender conflict 9 the movement is deemed fringe in south korea and it has since reportedly declined there in south korea a portion of the movement s followers particularly those of womad were described by several sources as being misandrist transphobic and homophobic towards gay men 10 11 12 13 beliefs edit the four core tenets to the 4b movement are no sex with men korean 비섹스 rr bisekseu no giving birth 비출산 bichulsan no dating men 비연애 biyeonae and no marriage with men 비혼 bihon 5 14 bihon no marriage edit this section may contain original research relevant discussion may be found on the talk page please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations statements consisting only of original research should be removed december 2024 learn how and when to remove this message a 2022 survey of unmarried south koreans aged 19 to 34 found that 69 7 of women compared to 79 8 of men expressed a desire to marry in the future 15 in traditional heterosexual south korean households women perform a disproportionate amount of the unpaid labor and men are the head of the household 16 some followers of the 4b movement claim that the movement helps protect them from any potential risks of marriage including domestic violence being heartbroken and an unequal distribution of labor 17 bichulsan no childbirth edit this section may contain original research relevant discussion may be found on the talk page please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations statements consisting only of original research should be removed december 2024 learn how and when to remove this message many south korean people are reluctant to have children due to the lack of workplace accommodations more than 40 of south korean women choose an extended career break after marriage and childbirth while some of those who stay in work struggle to progress their careers 18 the 4b movement proposes that women focus on financial independence including forgoing childbirth 19 south korea has one of the lowest birth rates in the world 20 as of 2023 the fertility rate is at 0 72 21 significantly below the 2 1 threshold required to maintain a country s population 22 the country s birth rate has been below the replacement rate since 1983 23 while the 4b movement originated in the 2010s making it likely that the low birth rate is due to economic insecurity experienced by young adults high child rearing costs high property prices and the priorities of young women 24 25 a 2022 survey of unmarried south koreans aged 19 to 34 found that 55 3 of women as compared to 70 5 of men indicated an intention of having children 15 biyeonae no romance with men and bisekseu no sexual relationships with men edit women of the 4b movement do not engage in romance and sexual relationships with men because they see it as an extension of the patriarchal family structure 19 notable proponents edit jung se young and baeck ha na two proponents criticize marriage as reinforcing gender roles in south korea 14 the movement draws some inspiration from the novel kim ji young born 1982 as do south korea s metoo and escape the corset movements 6 lee min gyeong is a south korean feminist writer and an early member of the 4b movement 26 in an interview with abc lee said that korean women were traditionally expected to center their lives around men and that the 4b movement is about rejecting relationships with them in any way she argues that there are two factors that contribute to driving some korean women to reject the heterosexual narrative the double burden placed on asian women to perform the majority of domestic labor while also being employed and the spy cam epidemic that has since evolved into deepfake pornography lee stated that while some referred to the movement as a sex strike it was more about redefining how we are meant to live without those four nos 27 history edit the term 4b emerged from korean feminist circles on twitter around 2017 to 2018 28 after a highly publicized 2016 murder of a woman by a man 29 the murderer who said he did it because women had ignored him was not charged with a hate crime 8 another cause was the rise in far right social media platform ilbe storehouse in 2014 which regularly promotes misogynistic posts 17 this was also followed by gender wars in 2015 19 the movement gained broader recognition on twitter in 2019 and through various feminist social media accounts but has lost momentum since its early days 30 one notable feature of the 4b movement as with other korean digital feminist movements is that members often identify themselves as anonymous women as it is conventional not to disclose personal details online 19 escape the corset movement edit the escape the corset movement that started in 2016 served as a source of inspiration for the 4b movement the movement calls for women to liberate themselves from sexual social bodily and psychological standards 31 the word corset is used by korean feminists as a metaphor for the societal pressure placed on women including toxic beauty standards notably south korea has the 10th largest beauty market globally and is the third largest cosmetics exporter 32 members of the escape the corset movement criticize and decline cosmetic procedures skincare or makeup rituals and the adoption of trendy clothing all perceived as perpetuating consumerism and misogynistic social norms in protest they express their choices by destroying makeup forgoing cosmetic enhancements shaving their heads and rejecting fashionable attire escape the corset s analysis and approach to protest deeply influenced the 4b movement 31 south korea s metoo movement edit although the metoo movement originated in the united states in 2006 and gained popularity in 2017 many other countries including south korea created metoo movements of their own the metoo movement in south korea like those in other countries encouraged women to express their experiences of sexual harassment to inspire social change shortly after its inception in late 2017 several hundred women stepped forward with claims of sexual harassment and violence 33 this movement also encouraged previous comfort women of the imperial japanese army during world war ii and the japanese occupation of korea to speak more freely in large numbers about their sexual abuse 33 the metoo movement also inspired various online hashtag campaigns most popularly the withyou 33 tag to signal solidarity with survivors of sexual assault who had spoken up in the metoo movement these various hashtags inspired the formation of women s activist groups such as citizens action to support the metoo movement which campaigned to end gendered oppression and support victims of sexual abuse in south korea 34 expansion to the united states edit after the 2024 united states presidential election in which donald trump won a second term some american women expressed interest in the 4b movement as a form of protest against trump s election his alleged sexual assaults and his role in the overturning of roe v wade 8 other american women expressed interest in 4b as a method to support other women and to protect their health and safety should they lose access to birth control or abortion 35 shortly after the election was called tiktok videos mentioning 4b were viewed hundreds of thousands of times and google searches about it spiked by 450 american women have called the movement the 4 nos and lysistrata 28 36 expansion to china edit chinese feminists have adopted and reinterpreted the 4b and 6b4t movements to fit their own political environment in 2021 the movement gained the attention of chinese internet censors on the social networking site douban the keyword 6b4t was removed from the website and over 10 feminist groups were shut down prompting unintentional attention to the movement and criticism about douban s actions 37 reception edit the neutrality of this section is disputed relevant discussion may be found on the talk page please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met march 2026 learn how and when to remove this message the 4b movement is considered to be fringe in south korea 13 30 with ju hui judy han of ucla arguing that the vast majority of south korean feminists do not abide by it and that 4b is not representative of korean feminist politics 30 internationally various hashtags and social media posts have been used to express support for the movement 38 transphobia and homophobia in the south korean movement edit see also womad website and trans exclusionary radical feminism by country south korea feminism especially radical feminism in south korea has had a notable transphobic and homophobic against male homosexuals issue with internal disputes about the acceptability of such beliefs 11 39 40 41 42 the 4b movement was significantly popular on and widely publicly associated with the south korean website womad which is considered to be misandrist homophobic and transphobic the website was founded because megalia had begun prohibiting homophobic and transphobic slurs 19 29 41 womad members reportedly advocated for revenge against men advocated for disliked people to commit suicide and some threatened violence and committed crimes against men mothers were labeled both victims and conformers to patriarchal society that discriminate against their daughters many womad members compared married women to slaves 43 one trans person interviewed in south korea argued that while most south korean women were not transphobic the strongest advocates for 4b in sout...