Meta tags:

Headings (most frequently used words):

system, 819, line, contents, history, electronovision, technical, details, countries, and, territories, that, used, the, see, also, references,

Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (79), #system (54), line (49), and (34), 819 (31), television (28), lines (23), with (18), was (13), used (13), video (12), edit (12), mhz (12), bandwidth (12), from (11), sound (11), color (11), resolution (10), broadcast (9), ccir (9), for (9), transmitter (8), systems (8), standards (8), mpeg (8), luxembourg (8), france (8), standard (8), were (8), wikipedia (7), this (7), frame (7), pal (7), vision (7), 625 (7), use (6), field (6), frequency (6), carrier (6), blanking (6), 405 (6), had (6), belgium (6), that (6), page (5), digital (5), horizontal (5), rate (5), technical (5), also (5), dvb (5), french (5), definition (5), main (5), even (5), picture (5), contents (4), search (4), using (4), february (4), channel (4), offset (4), only (4), analog (4), vestigial (4), sideband (4), modulation (4), vertical (4), interval (4), analogue (4), porch (4), ntsc (4), 525 (4), test (4), card (4), motion (4), audio (4), dtmb (4), note (4), pdf (4), télévision (4), télé (4), philips (4), early (4), british (4), via (4), monte (4), carlo (4), countries (4), mod (4), same (4), signal (4), article (4), appearance (4), active (4), which (4), pixels (4), electronovision (4), history (4), hide (4), move (4), sidebar (4), toggle (3), view (3), terms (3), may (3), hidden (3), signals (3), vhf (3), transmission (3), pre (3), syncs (3), teletext (3), back (3), secam (3), clear (3), broadcasting (3), atsc (3), abs (3), visual (3), hdtv (3), mac (3), september (3), january (3), original (3), october (3), une (3), 1949 (3), tele (3), monaco (3), specifications (3), half (3), approximately (3), channels (3), 737 (3), although (3), still (3), would (3), but (3), image (3), typical (3), two (3), time (3), world (3), 720 (3), details (3), process (3), film (3), higher (3), some (3), developed (3), create (3), transmissions (3), 1940s (3), tools (3), languages (2), table (2), contact (2), about (2), privacy (2), policy (2), available (2), last (2), articles (2), short (2), description (2), wikidata (2), retrieved (2), pulse (2), vit (2), strength (2), loss (2), free (2), space (2), frequencies (2), antenna (2), differential (2), zweikanalton (2), nicam (2), multichannel (2), safe (2), scan (2), luma (2), chrominance (2), subcarrier (2), level (2), front (2), palplus (2), 455 (2), 441 (2), 375 (2), 343 (2), 180 (2), topics (2), conversion (2), epg (2), captioning (2), aac (2), isdb (2), dmb (2), mobaho (2), 1seg (2), cmmb (2), avs (2), 720p (2), russell (2), colour (2), archived (2), 2022 (2), 1953 (2), rtf (2), horses (2), marly (2), monochrome (2), des (2), 1955 (2), museum (2), postwar (2), european (2), 14tx100 (2), grammont (2), 504 (2), chronologie (2), far (2), references (2), see (2), algeria (2), rtb (2), tf1 (2), territories (2), pos (2), 408 (2), twice (2), actual (2), clarity (2), have (2), made (2), than (2), discontinued (2), 1968 (2), 1971 (2), numbered (2), quality (2), down (2), could (2), get (2), thus (2), one (2), despite (2), their (2), more (2), usual (2), when (2), per (2), ratio (2), broad (2), general (2), theoretical (2), wide (2), high (2), cameras (2), format (2), later (2), fps (2), kinescope (2), theatrical (2), 1985 (2), version (2), europe (2), limited (2), information (2), resumed (2), after (2), war (2), already (2), upload (2), file (2), changes (2), links (2), read (2), log (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), add, topic, mobile, cookie, statement, statistics, developers, code, conduct, legal, safety, contacts, disclaimers, text, under, additional, apply, site, you, agree, registered, trademark, non, profit, organization, wikimedia, foundation, inc, creative, commons, attribution, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, edited, 2026, utc, categories, disputed, statements, 2025, all, accuracy, disputes, different, technology, category, https, org, index, php, title, 819_line, oldid, 1355830425, sparklies, hanover, bars, ghosting, dot, crawl, artifacts, zero, reference, vectorscope, meter, distortionmeter, testing, interference, skew, radiation, pattern, path, null, fill, noise, electronics, earth, bulge, distortion, beam, tilt, propagation, uhf, microwave, bands, transition, transposer, terrestrial, direct, satellite, receive, synchronization, receiver, superheterodyne, split, residual, emphasis, output, power, intermediate, intercarrier, method, mixer, dummy, load, dipole, diplexer, phase, gain, cavity, amplifier, station, radio, amplifiers, vsb, quadrature, amplitude, white, clipper, timecode, area, raster, overscan, nominal, composite, killer, sequence, burst, black, templates, widescreen, signaling, processing, demand, reverse, transport, stream, display, blur, dci, cinema, compromise, issues, defunct, china, network, cpcm, flag, afd, lpcm, pcm, layer, dra, dts, hevc, avs2, sbtvd, avc, uhdtv, 1080p, 576p, 480p, edtv, 288p, 240p, ldtv, progressive, 1080i, 576i, 480i, sdtv, interlaced, oskm, sequential, 567, mechanical, 1940, historical, xds, wss, vitc, veil, vbi, pdc, gcr, cgms, igr, sap, eiaj, btsc, mts, 1250, muse, 1125, formats, richard, 2005, home, bbc, basic, generator, introduction, specification, 2006, www, pembers, freeserve, belgian, 2012, vivelapub, rétrospective, mire, 2002, 2015, getty, images, report, 308, xiith, pleniary, assembly, characteristics, rozat, pascal, revue, médias, histoire, exception, française, michel, droit, monde, fait, nord, est, région, témoin, concurrence, matière, 14tx100a, service, manual, parrot, jacques, 1987, plon, réédition, numérique, fenixx, google, books, 9782259238137, isbn, guerre, ondes, goebbels, kadhafi, 2019, les, radios, temps, tsf, bénédiction, visite, princière, inaugurent, kronobase, universelle, birkinshaw, douglas, 2021, transdiffusion, new, effect, worswick, march, 1959, 135, june, 2018, ieee, xplore, 5594, j14437, doi, 130, journal, smpte, converter, stout, andy, 2020, redshark, national, before, 1957, saar, protectorate, prior, independence, luxemburg, list, nations, adapted, answer, problem, allowed, programming, squeeze, into, those, neighboring, albeit, substantial, effective, offered, roughly, contrast, between, seem, perceptually, softer, odd, implementation, provided, very, good, near, uneconomical, providing, matted, number, need, nearly, alone, away, allowance, narrow, pixel, tall, unusually, crisp, slightly, soft, needed, quarter, give, balanced, lower, overall, seeming, perfectly, affordable, small, screen, receivers, often, era, additions, result, combined, demanded, three, times, moderately, specified, added, them, resides, within, kell, factor, 20475, sync, width, pulses, gratings, went, 900, however, exceeded, capabilities, equipment, its, each, occupied, testcards, arguably, first, today, called, 736i, composed, halves, maximum, 368, can, expressed, broadly, equivalent, 816, 736, aspect, comparison, modern, 280, portion, 960, while, 576, dvds, pairs, conventional, vtrs, configured, operate, better, fit, transfer, 35mm, second, due, being, closer, quadruplex, ampex, rca, saw, united, states, producer, entrepreneur, william, bill, sargent, around, 1964, produce, handful, pictures, plays, specials, 1960s, 1970s, videotape, recording, utilizing, afforded, production, transferred, release, broadcasters, transmit, closing, broadcasts, attempts, gradually, abandoned, favor, final, taking, place, paris, july, 1983, eiffel, tower, adopted, affecting, sets, like, 1951, multi, 1952, november, 1948, then, secretary, state, decreed, began, end, henri, françois, mitterrand, late, 1950s, most, standardized, exceptions, been, introduced, 1936, during, reached, 015, 042, rené, barthélemy, started, associated, discuss, dubious, alger, predecessor, 1956, originally, tv1, encyclopedia, item, other, projects, printable, download, print, export, switch, legacy, parser, shortened, url, cite, permanent, link, related, what, here, actions, english, talk, polski, français, subsection, top, personal, special, pages, recent, community, portal, learn, help, contribute, random, current, events, navigation, jump, content,

Text of the page (random words):
819 line wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 history 2 electronovision 3 technical details toggle technical details subsection 3 1 system e 3 2 system f 4 countries and territories that used the 819 line system 5 see also 6 references toggle the table of contents 819 line 2 languages français polski edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia 1940s french analogue high definition television system marly horses test card from rtf alger predecessor of tv1 algeria from 1956 originally in 819 lines 819 line was an analog monochrome tv system developed and used in france 1 2 as television broadcast resumed after world war ii transmissions started in 1949 and were active up to 1985 although limited to france belgium and luxembourg 3 dubious discuss it is associated with ccir system e and f 3 history edit when europe resumed tv transmissions after world war ii i e in the late 1940s and early 1950s most countries standardized on 625 line television systems the two exceptions were the british 405 line system which had already been introduced in 1936 and the french 819 line system during the 1940s rené barthélemy had already reached 1 015 lines 1 and even 1 042 lines on november 20 1948 françois mitterrand the then secretary of state for information decreed a broadcast standard of 819 lines developed by henri de france 1 4 broadcasting began at the end of 1949 in this higher definition format it was used in france by tf1 and in monaco by tele monte carlo 5 6 some 819 line tv sets were available like the grammont 504 a 31 from 1951 7 and the philips 14tx100 multi standard 625 819 line tv from 1952 8 9 the system was also adopted with limited bandwidth affecting image resolution in 1953 in belgium 1 4 by rtb and in 1955 in luxembourg by télé luxembourg 10 broadcasts were discontinued in belgium in february 1968 and in luxembourg in september 1971 despite some attempts to create a color secam version of the 819 line system 1 france gradually abandoned the system in favor of the europe wide standard of 625 lines with the final 819 line transmissions taking place in paris from the eiffel tower on 19 july 1983 11 tele monte carlo in monaco were the last broadcasters to transmit 819 line television closing down their transmitter in 1985 electronovision edit the 819 line video standard also saw some use in the united states by the electronovision motion picture process it was developed by producer and entrepreneur h william bill sargent jr around 1964 to produce a handful of motion pictures theatrical plays and specials in the 1960s and early 1970s using videotape recording utilizing the higher resolution afforded by the 819 line video standard for production later transferred to film via kinescope for theatrical release electronovision used conventional b w television cameras rca tk 60 cameras were used and ampex 2 quadruplex format vtrs for the process that were configured to operate in the 819 line standard which was a better fit for later transfer via a kinescope process to 35mm film than the usual 525 line 30 frame per second video standard in use in the us at the time due to the higher resolution and the 25 fps frame rate of 819 line video being closer to the resolution and 24 fps frame rate of motion picture film technical details edit this was arguably the world s first high definition television system and by today s standards it could be called 736i as it had 737 lines active but one of the lines was composed of 2 halves 12 with a maximum theoretical resolution of 408 368 line pairs which in digital terms can be expressed as broadly equivalent to 816 736 pixels with a 4 3 aspect ratio by comparison with modern digital standards 720p is 1 280 720 pixels of which the 4 3 portion would be 960 720 pixels while pal dvds have a resolution of 720 576 pixels the testcards used with the system had resolution gratings that went up to 900 tv lines 13 14 however the theoretical picture quality far exceeded the capabilities of the analogue equipment of its time and each 819 line channel occupied a wide 14 mhz of vhf bandwidth general technical specifications of the broadcast television systems used with 819 lines 15 16 field frequency active picture field blanking no of broad pulses broad pulse width line frequency front porch line sync back porch active line time video syncs ratio 50 hz 737 lines 41 lines 1 per field 20 0 μs 20475 hz 0 5 μs 2 5 μs 5 0 μs 40 8 μs 70 30 819 lines were broadcast using two ccir systems system e and system f system e edit main article ccir system e system e implementation provided very good near hdtv picture quality but with an uneconomical use of bandwidth a 625 50 signal providing the same clarity as an 819 line image but matted down 4 3 with the same number of lines would still need nearly 6 mhz for the vision carrier alone vs typical 5 to 6 mhz in actual use and 5 mhz for 525 60 vs typical 4 2 mhz although a 405 50 transmission could get away with only 2 5 mhz typical 3 mhz as system a made no allowance for the kell factor and thus had a narrow pixel tall line appearance thus even an unusually crisp standard definition or slightly soft 405 line image only needed half or even one quarter the vision bandwidth of the 819 line system to give a balanced appearance despite their lower overall resolution still seeming perfectly clear on the more affordable small screen receivers often used in the pre color era with the usual additions of sound carrier and vestigial sideband the result was a combined signal that demanded approximately two to three times the bandwidth of more moderately specified standards even when colour was added to them as the color subcarrier resides within the luma signal space system e specifications ccir system lines frame rate channel bandwidth mhz visual bandwidth mhz sound carrier offset vestigial sideband vision mod sound mod e 819 25 14 10 11 15 on odd numbered channels on even numbered channels 2 00 pos am system f edit main article ccir system f system f was an adapted 819 line system used in belgium and luxembourg as an answer to the bandwidth problem using only half the original vision bandwidth and approximately half the sound carrier offset it allowed french 819 line programming to squeeze into the 7 mhz vhf broadcast channels used in those neighboring countries 3 albeit with a substantial loss of horizontal resolution 408 737 effective although this still offered approximately twice the actual clarity of 405 line system a twice the lines roughly the same horizontal definition the contrast between vertical and horizontal resolution would have made it seem perceptually softer than a 625 line signal with the same bandwidth use of system f was discontinued in belgium in february 1968 and in luxembourg in september 1971 system f specifications ccir system lines frame rate channel bandwidth mhz visual bandwidth mhz sound carrier offset vestigial sideband vision mod sound mod f 819 25 7 5 5 5 0 75 pos am countries and territories that used the 819 line system edit this is a list of nations that used the 819 line system for television broadcasting france tf1 1 2 belgium rtb 3 1 4 luxemburg télé luxembourg 3 10 monaco tele monte carlo 5 6 french algeria prior to independence saar protectorate before 1957 see also edit ccir system e ccir system f references edit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 stout andy 2020 france had a national hd tv system as far back as 1949 redshark 1 2 worswick t march 11 1959 the b b c television standards converter journal of the smpte 68 3 130 135 doi 10 5594 j14437 archived from the original on june 16 2018 via ieee xplore 1 2 3 4 5 birkinshaw douglas c february 19 2021 new television standards effect on british television transdiffusion 1 2 3 chronologie télévision kronobase la chronologie universelle 1 2 une bénédiction et une visite princière inaugurent télé monte carlo les radios au temps de la tsf october 28 2019 1 2 parrot jacques january 1 1987 la guerre des ondes de goebbels à kadhafi plon réédition numérique fenixx isbn 9782259238137 via google books postwar british european grammont 504 a 31 early television museum postwar british european philips 14tx100 early television museum philips 14tx100a service manual pdf philips 1 2 michel droit may 17 1955 télé luxembourg a fait du nord est de la france la région témoin de la concurrence en matière de télévision le monde rozat pascal october 14 2022 histoire de la télévision une exception française la revue des médias report 308 2 of the xiith pleniary assembly of the ccir characteristics of monochrome television systems test card of the rtf with the horses of marly getty images 23 october 2015 rétrospective la mire à la télévision 1953 2002 vivelapub january 5 2012 vertical blanking interval of french and belgian 819 line standards pdf www pembers freeserve co uk archived from the original pdf on 24 september 2006 retrieved 12 january 2022 russell richard 2005 colour test card generator introduction and specification r t russell the home of bbc basic v t e video formats television analog 405 lines system a 525 lines system m color systems ntsc ntsc j clear vision pal m b mac 625 lines system b c d g h i k l n color systems pal pal n palplus secam mac 819 lines system e f 1125 lines muse 1250 lines hd mac audio btsc mts eiaj nicam sap sound in syncs zweikanalton a2 igr hidden signals captioning cgms a epg gcr pdc teletext vbi veil vit vitc wss xds historical pre 1940 mechanical television 180 line 343 line 375 line 441 line 455 line 567 line field sequential color system oskm digital interlaced sdtv 480i 576i hdtv 1080i progressive ldtv 1seg 240p 288p edtv 480p 576p hdtv 720p 1080p uhdtv 4k 8k mpeg 2 video atsc dvb dvb 3d tv isdb dtmb abs s avs cmmb avs note 1 dtmb abs s mpeg 4 visual mobaho note 2 mpeg 4 avc atsc a 72 cmmb dmb dtmb dvb sbtvd 1seg mobaho note 2 avs2 note 1 abs s mpeg h hevc atsc 3 0 dvb hd dmb isdb s3 dtmb audio ac 3 5 1 ac 4 dts dra mpeg 1 audio layer ii mpeg multichannel pcm lpcm aac he aac mpeg h 3d audio hidden signals afd broadcast flag captioning cpcm epg teletext 1 2 also used in china s dvb s s2 network 1 2 defunct technical issues 14 9 compromise broadcast safe digital cinema dci display motion blur mpeg transport stream reverse standards conversion standards conversion television transmitter test card video on demand video processing widescreen signaling templates analogue tv topics v t e analog television broadcasting topics systems 180 line 343 line 375 line 405 line system a 441 line 455 line 525 line system m 625 line system b system c system d system g system h system i system k system l system n 819 line system e system f color systems ntsc ntsc j clear vision pal pal m pal s palplus secam video back porch and front porch black level blanking level chrominance chrominance subcarrier color burst color frame sequence color killer color tv composite video frame video horizontal scan rate horizontal blanking interval luma nominal analogue blanking overscan raster scan safe area teletext television lines vertical blanking interval vertical interval timecode white clipper sound multichannel television sound nicam sound in syncs zweikanalton modulation frequency modulation quadrature amplitude modulation vestigial sideband modulation vsb transmission amplifiers antenna radio broadcast transmitter transmitter station cavity amplifier differential gain differential phase diplexer dipole antenna dummy load frequency mixer intercarrier method intermediate frequency output power of an analog tv transmitter pre emphasis residual carrier split sound system superheterodyne transmitter synchronization of tv transmitter and receiver television receive only direct broadcast satellite television television transmitter terrestrial television transposer digital television transition frequencies bands frequency offset microwave transmission television channel frequencies uhf vhf propagation beam tilt distortion earth bulge field strength in free space noise electronics null fill path loss radiation pattern skew television interference testing distortionmeter field strength meter vectorscope vit signals zero reference pulse artifacts dot crawl ghosting hanover bars sparklies retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 819_line oldid 1355830425 category television technology hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata all accuracy disputes articles with disputed statements from february 2025 this page was last edited on 24 may 2026 at 04 16 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents 819 line 2 languages add topic