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or the blind abbreviation aph founded 1858 168 years ago 1858 1 type 501 c 3 2 tax id no 61 0444640 2 legal status nonprofit organization headquarters louisville kentucky u s coordinates 38 15 22 n 85 42 53 w 38 256220 n 85 714807 w 38 256220 85 714807 board chair phoebe wood 3 subsidiaries goodmaps inc c corp revenue 22 611 443 1 2020 expenses 28 814 266 1 2020 endowment 6 237 601 1 2020 employees 373 1 2019 volunteers 14 1 2019 website www aph org the american printing house for the blind aph is an american nonprofit corporation in louisville kentucky promoting independent living for people who are blind and visually impaired 4 for over 150 years aph has created unique products and services to support all aspects of daily life without sight history edit the first united states schools for blind children opened in the 1830s there were very few books and educational materials for the students teachers made their own tactile teaching aids and acquired embossed books from europe the american printing house for the blind aph was established in 1858 in response to the growing need for books and educational aids for blind students dempsey sherrod a blind man from mississippi promoted the idea of a central printing house for books for blind people 5 he raised funds for the enterprise which he named the american printing house for the blind in 1857 sherrod obtained a charter in mississippi to establish a publishing house to print books in raised letters and because of its central location named louisville as the proposed location in 1858 the general assembly of kentucky passed an act to establish the american printing house for the blind two years later in 1860 aph received its first operating funds from private citizens in mississippi and kentucky a press was purchased and aph was set up in the basement of the kentucky school for the blind 6 legislatures in mississippi louisiana and tennessee had appropriated funds for aph and private donations had been collected in these states but before the institution could begin its work of embossing books the civil war broke out this wiped out any possibility of the southern states making good on their promises of funding it was not until 1865 that a state allocation from kentucky along with donations from individuals in ohio indiana kentucky and illinois allowed aph to begin the work for which it was founded the first book produced by aph was fables and tales for children it was embossed in 1866 in a raised roman letter type called boston line letter it would be many years before braille was the standard reading system for blind people federal funding edit because printing books in raised letters could never be commercially successful federal support was sought to assure a permanent printing fund a bill was drawn up and presented to the 45th congress an act to promote the education of the blind became a law on march 3 1879 the american printing house for the blind was designated as the official source of educational texts and aids for legally blind students throughout the country a mandate that continues to the present federal funding created new demands for embossed books and the printing house soon outgrew its rooms at the kentucky school for the blind aph trustees purchased land adjacent to the school where in 1883 a building was erected to house the growing operations of aph the current aph facility is still located on the same site and occupies nearly a city block aph employs over 300 people in the remaining years of the 19th century the aph production of embossed books increased dramatically growing from a 15 page publications catalog in 1894 to a 100 page listing ten years later the first books had been produced in several different kinds of embossed codes and alphabets gradually these systems were phased out in favor of braille aph printed its first braille books several readers and children s books in 1893 improvements were continually sought for a better stereograph a faster press anything that would lower the cost of embossed book production catalog offerings were basic braille slates writing guides maps spelling frames etc in the twentieth century aph continued its efforts to provide accessible materials to help blind people become independent publication of the braille edition of reader s digest in 1928 provided blind readers with the first popular magazine available in braille currently school districts can purchase products with federal quota funds managed by ex officio trustees these funds were established through the 1879 act to promote the education of the blind and congress votes annually on how much money to set aside for this purpose 7 talking books edit in 1936 the aph recording studio and record production department were established and production of talking books began the first recorded weekly magazine the talking book edition of newsweek was introduced in 1959 and the first recorded encyclopedia the talking world book in 1981 flexible records were first produced in 1970 and cassette tapes in 1973 today aph s talking book studio records about 1 000 talking books for the national library service for the blind and print disabled ever year alongside many other audio description projects 8 products and services edit in addition to braille large type 1948 and recorded books aph produced educational aids to facilitate development of these products an educational research department was established in 1953 notable products were the new hall braille writer 1940 the lavender braille writer 1962 and the cranmer abacus 1963 in 1960 aph completed the largest braille project ever undertaken the 145 volume braille edition of the world book encyclopedia 9 today aph offers high tech products low tech products and services for children and adults who are blind or low vision and teachers of the visually impaired they continue to focus on creating researched and field tested educational tools that support expanded core curriculum areas and standards for k 12 students who are blind or have low vision producing around 10 new products for this demographic every year in 2010 aph started their technology product research department to help meet the growing need for better high tech products for people who are blind including apps gps navigation tools and braille translation software 10 aph also produces textbooks for teachers of the visually impaired and other professionals who work with visually impaired students through aph press 11 aph s most notable high tech product the monarch multiline refreshable braille and tactile graphics display was created in collaboration with humanware this device is a 10 line by 32 cell display that is the first of its kind and includes a word processor a graphic calculator a braille editor access to hundreds of free tactile graphics a web browser a book reader an email app and a chess app 12 aph offers free resources for educators parents and adult users of the monarch and continually releases new updates and apps for the device 13 aph s outreach services department formerly field services was created in 1961 when an amendment to the act to promote the education of the blind was made to include an appropriation to meet the costs of advisory and consultant services in connection with the administration of the act 14 outreach services offers regional support and trainings holds educational events for students and coordinates aph s annual meeting of ex officio trustees 15 the aph connectcenter originated at the american foundation for the blind and moved to aph in 2018 through visionaware careerconnect and familyconnect they provide free support and resources for adults who are losing or have recently lost their vision jobseekers who are blind and families who have a child who is blind 16 in 2022 polly aph s braille learning device that teaches students basic braille skills through quick games was recognized in time s 200 best inventions of 2022 list 17 in 2024 aph was included in fast company s list of most innovative companies in the education category 18 fast company also named the monarch as a finalist in their innovation by design awards in the accessible design category 19 campus edit to house the growing production the building has been expanded many times a new administration building built in front of the 1883 façade opened in 1955 in 1980 an addition to the manufacturing area brought the building to its present size 282 000 sq ft a 28 000 square feet addition will be completed in 2026 housing a new museum the dot experience efforts to improve braille production resulted in the first computerized braille translation in 1964 ibm the company that led in developing the program donated a 2 million 709 computer by 1987 all but a fraction of braille production was completely computerized a computerized database for accessible textbooks was introduced in 1988 and was expanded to include materials in all accessible media in 1997 the database was named louis and made available on the internet museums edit museum of the american printing house for the blind established 1994 1994 location louisville kentucky coordinates 38 15 27 38 n 85 42 49 55 w 38 2576056 n 85 7137639 w 38 2576056 85 7137639 website www aph org the museum of the american printing house for the blind opened in 1994 and was located on the aph campus in louisville 20 the museum told the story of the international history of the education of people who are blind and how the aph has contributed to that history 20 exhibits focused on tactile systems writing devices braille production orientation and mobility educational aids and early schools for the blind it was located on the second floor of the company s original 1883 factory building the museum of the american printing house for the blind closed in 2024 the museum was designed to be accessible for people who are blind or low vision with labels in braille audio and large print formats 20 it also featured learning experiences such as using braillewriters and mobility feature walking canes 20 layout and exhibits of the museum of the american printing house for the blind edit visitors entered the museum through the 1883 gallery which contained the exhibit history in the making aph from past to present the exhibit focuseed both on the specific history of aph and the various products it has produced including raised print books audiobooks and stereotype machines 20 this exhibit was praised for its use of photographs and artifacts but criticized for the minimal attention given to those who worked in the aph factory which the museum now inhabits 20 the main callahan gallery focused on development of reading systems and schools for blind people over time across the united states as well as specifically in kentucky 20 the way we worked focused on production machines used in the aph gallery there was also room for traveling exhibits 20 the dot experience edit the dot experience is aph s re imagined museum set to open in 2026 the museum is privately funded and will be five times larger than the original museum the dot experience s development has been focused on making all exhibits accessible to everyone regardless of ability 21 the museum will house the american foundation for the blind helen keller archive and many of the historical items related to braille blindness education and the history of aph will also be on display 22 see also edit list of attractions and events in the louisville metropolitan area list of museums in the louisville metropolitan area references edit 1 2 3 4 5 6 form 990 return of organization exempt from income tax pdf american printing house for the blind inc internal revenue service september 30 2020 1 2 american printing house for the blind inc tax exempt organization search internal revenue service retrieved july 22 2022 board of trustees american printing house for the blind retrieved july 22 2022 crawford susan june 25 2019 the challenge of helping blind people navigate indoors wired retrieved july 22 2019 ellis laura august 11 2017 curious louisville does louisville have the highest blind population in the u s wfpl retrieved july 22 2019 elson martha january 1 2016 printing house for blind seeks rare braille book the courier journal retrieved july 22 2019 text h r 9030 87th congress 1961 1962 an act to amend the act to promote the education of the blind approved march 3 1879 as amended so as to authorize wider distribution of books and other special instruction materials for the blind and to increase the appropriations authorized for this purpose and to otherwise improve such act www congress gov 1961 09 22 retrieved 2025 02 27 aph behind the scenes the talking book studio american printing house 2022 04 13 retrieved 2025 03 19 kleber john e ed 2015 the encyclopedia of louisville university press of kentucky p 30 isbn 978 0 8131 4974 5 about us aph the american printing house for the blind american printing house retrieved 2025 03 13 aph press american printing house retrieved 2025 03 13 humanware monarch the 1st dynamic tactile and multi line braille tablet low vision and blindness solutions magnifiers braille devices audio assistants orientation and mobility and embossers canada retrieved 2025 03 13 meet monarch american printing house retrieved 2025 03 13 h r 9030 87th congress 1961 1962 an act to amend the act to promote the education of the blind approved march 3 1879 as amended so as to authorize wider distribution of books and other special instruction materials for the blind and to increase the appropriations authorized for this purpose and to otherwise improve such act www congress gov 1961 09 22 retrieved 2025 03 13 outreach services american printing house retrieved 2025 03 13 home connectcenter retrieved 2025 03 13 polly the 200 best inventions of 2022 time 2022 11 10 retrieved 2025 03 19 pavithra mohan march 19 2024 this innovative new device will make digital braille easier to read fast company retrieved march 19 2025 margaret andersen july 23 2024 the best accessible design of 2024 fast company retrieved march 19 2025 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 sandy bailey julia 2014 review of museum of the american printing house for the blind the journal of american history 101 1 208 213 doi 10 1093 jahist jau308 issn 0021 8723 jstor 44285962 designed to include the dot experience begins with accessibility american printing house 2024 09 25 retrieved 2025 03 19 defining the dot experience everything you need to know american printing house 2024 05 01 retrieved 2025 03 19 external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to american printing house for the blind official website museum of the american printing house for the blind v t e braille braille cell 1829 braille international uniformity ascii braille unicode braille patterns braille scripts french ordered albanian cantonese catalan chinese mainland mandarin largely reassigned czech dutch 6 dot 8 dot english unified english esperanto french german ghanaian gu...