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rg the dutch city of den haag the hague the spanish city of sevilla seville the egyptian city of al qāhira cairo the german city of braunschweig brunswick and the italian city of firenze florence the indian city of kolkata was once anglicised as calcutta until the city chose to change its official name back to kolkata in 2001 anglicisation of words and names from indigenous languages occurred across the english speaking world in former parts of the british empire toponyms in particular have been affected by this process in the past the names of people from other language areas were anglicised to a higher extent than today this was the general rule for names of latin or classical greek origin today the anglicised name forms are often retained for the more well known persons like aristotle for aristoteles and hadrian or later hadrian for hadrianus during the time in which there were large influxes of immigrants from europe to the united states and united kingdom during the 19th and 20th centuries the names of many immigrants were never changed by immigration officials but only by personal choice dominance of anglo british english edit britishisms terms unique to british english have entered american english over the centuries and continuing to this day despite the modern global predominance of american english 39 globalisation and the increasing role of british journalists are cited as factors for this in the present day 40 englishisation edit this section is an excerpt from englishisation edit an amalgamation of the flags that represent the united states and the united kingdom the two countries at the forefront of spreading english across the world englishisation refers to the introduction of english language influences into other languages english as a world language has had a very significant impact on other languages with many languages borrowing words or grammar from english or forming calques based on english words 41 englishisation is often paired with the introduction of western culture into other cultures 42 and has resulted in a significant degree of code mixing of english with other languages as well as the appearance of new varieties of english 43 44 other languages have also synthesised new literary genres through their contact with english 45 and various forms of language play have emerged through this interaction 46 englishisation has also occurred in subtle ways because of the massive amount of english content that is translated into other languages 47 englishisation first happened on a worldwide scale because of the spread of the british empire and american cultural influence as the english language historically played a major role in the administration of britain s colonies and is highly relevant in the modern wave of globalisation 48 49 50 one of the reasons for englishisation is because other languages sometimes lacked vocabulary to talk about certain things such as modern technologies or scientific concepts 51 another reason is that english is often considered a prestige language which symbolises or improves the educatedness or status of a speaker 52 sports edit this section is an excerpt from history of sport the british empire and post colonial sports edit the influence of british sports and their codified rules began to spread across the world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries 53 a number of major teams elsewhere in the world still show these british origins in their names such as a c milan in italy grêmio foot ball porto alegrense in brazil and athletic bilbao in spain cricket became popular in several of the nations of the then british empire such as australia south africa and south asian nations such as india sri lanka and pakistan see also sport in british india today 90 of the sport s fans are in the subcontinent 54 with the game remaining popular in and beyond today s commonwealth of nations the revival of the olympic games by baron pierre de coubertin was also heavily influenced by the amateur ethos of the english public schools 55 the british played a major role in defining amateurism professionalism the tournament system and the concept of fair play 56 some sports developed in england spread to other countries and then lost its popularity in england while remaining actively played in other countries a notable example being bandy which remains popular in finland kazakhstan norway russia and sweden 57 european morals and views on empires were embedded in the structure of sports ideas of social discipline and loyalty were key factors in european empire etiquette which eventually transferred into sports etiquette also ideas of patient and methodical training were enforced to make soldiers stronger and athletes better diffusion helped with the process of connecting these two concepts and has helped shaped the values of sports as we know it today sports like baseball football soccer and cricket all came from european influence and all share the same values based on european empires 58 in the case of the british empire the victory of the colonies in sports helped in transitioning out of empire 59 indirect influence edit see also americanization sports and history of sports in the united states baseball the american pastime originates from england with its predecessors first mention in print being in a little pretty pocket book 1744 english pastimes and ideas influenced early american sporting practices significantly 60 for example mark dyreson has argued that american attempts to improve the world through sport took inspiration from british imperial models 61 the england originated philosophy of muscular christianity also played a role in shaping american attitudes towards sport and its global role by the turn of the 20th century 62 see also edit look up anglicise or anglicize in wiktionary the free dictionary british invasion us cultural phenomenon of the mid 1960s english diaspora education english medium education macaulayism religion christianization british north america australia new zealand asia and africa references edit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 coupland nikolas thomas alan richard 1990 2 the anglicisation of wales english in wales diversity conflict and change multilingual matters isbn 978 1 85359 031 3 oclc 44961554 1 2 bridge carl and fedorowich kent the british world diaspora culture and identity 2003 p 89 beyond gaps in our information about who or what was affected by anglicisation is the matter of understanding the process more fully in terms of agency periodisation and extent and limitations breen t h october 1986 an empire of goods the anglicization of colonial america 1690 1776 journal of british studies 25 4 cambridge university press 467 499 doi 10 1086 385874 s2cid 144798714 retrieved 13 july 2021 1 2 3 davies r r 2000 the anglicization of the british isles first english empire power and identities in the british isles 1093 1343 ford lectures 1998 oxford university press oclc 940657419 withers charles w j 1984 gaelic in scotland 1698 1981 the geographical history of a language edinburgh j donald isbn 0 85976 097 9 oclc 12078924 embleton sheila m withers charles w j september 1985 gaelic in scotland 1698 1981 the geographical history of a language language 61 3 718 doi 10 2307 414416 issn 0097 8507 jstor 414416 1 2 le feuvre david 1994 jersey not quite british the rural history of a singular people jersey seaflower books isbn 0 948578 57 2 oclc 29846615 1 2 3 4 5 kelleher john d 1991 the rural community in nineteenth century jersey thesis s l typescript morris steven 8 november 2022 second homes and brexit pushing welsh language to tipping point the guardian archived from the original on 2 january 2023 retrieved 19 december 2022 einir williams national identity undermined by replacing welsh with english names on maps dee david 1 april 2012 too semitic or thoroughly anglicised the life and career of harold abrahams the international journal of the history of sport 29 6 868 886 doi 10 1080 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