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anna b eckstein wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 early life 2 peace activism 3 world war i 4 later life and death 5 legacy 6 see also 7 references toggle the table of contents anna b eckstein 5 languages العربية مصرى deutsch español français edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia german pacifist 1868 1947 anna b eckstein eckstein c 1907 born bernhardine anna eckstein 1 1868 06 14 14 june 1868 1 coburg saxe coburg and gotha north german confederation 1 died 16 october 1947 1947 10 16 aged 79 coburg american zone occupied germany known for peace activism anna bernhardine eckstein 14 june 1868 16 october 1947 was a german champion of world peace who trained as a teacher and campaigned for peace across the world she gathered six million signatures on a petition and in 1913 was nominated for the nobel peace prize the outbreak of the first world war interrupted her plans but her ideas influenced the kellogg briand pact of 1928 early life edit eckstein was born on 14 june 1868 in coburg to johann nikolaus eckstein and anna barbara eckstein née götz 1 her father was a porter and assistant telegraphist at the werra eisenbahn gesellschaft de a railway company 1 eckstein had a younger brother named ernst and an older sister named antonie toni who was born with a disability 2 financial reasons limited her formal education to attending a girls school from 1874 to 1882 however eckstein s teacher ottilie frese supported her in learning english and french which made her want to become a teacher herself she was confirmed in the main church of coburg in 1882 3 at the age of 16 in september 1884 eckstein left germany to visit relatives in new york 2 4 the reasons for this are unclear her parents might have wanted to prevent her from forming a relationship with an aristocrat who was out of her range or it was to support her teaching career for the first few years she worked as a maid or teacher at various places and then took on a job as a private teacher for the daughter mamie of a jewish merchant godfrey mannheimer who had immigrated from germany while working in this household from december 1887 to october 1893 she joined the mannheimer family on three trips to germany 2 peace activism edit dressed in white in vienna in 1911 5 eckstein moved to boston in 1894 at first living with the novelist martha mattie griffith browne and still working as a teacher 6 in response to her disappointment at the outcomes of the hague conventions she joined the american peace society of which she became vice president between 1905 and 1911 she collected over one million signatures signed by supporters from the us uk and germany for a proposal she had written prior to the second peace conference in the hague on 4 july 1907 she handed this document to the chairman of the conference since eckstein did not see the treaties of this second conference as a success she organised her own version funded by her own money she went on to collect six million signatures which she planned to present at the third hague peace conference in 1914 but the outbreak of the first world war prevented this 7 this setback caused her to suffer a breakdown but her ideas eventually influenced the kellogg briand pact of 1928 7 with the support of the american publisher edwin ginn eckstein travelled through canada and europe to promote her ideas in 1909 eckstein attended the second national peace congress in chicago usa where she read a world petition to the third hague conference 8 the same year she moved back to her birthplace coburg from there she continued to travel to most european countries and also australia new zealand japan and china where she gained increasing support for her cause she used to wear white dresses as a symbol of peace amongst others eckstein worked with bertha von suttner alfred hermann fried ludwig quidde and jean jaurès especially in france and germany she also had to deal with opposition and criticism but was nevertheless nominated for the nobel peace prize in 1913 5 9 10 world war i edit during the first world war eckstein wrote articles for a magazine on international law whose editor was the german expert for international law theodor niemeyer she also published the book staatenschutzvertrag zur sicherung des weltfriedens state protection treaty to preserve world peace 11 12 later life and death edit plaque in coburg after the end of world war i eckstein worked with the deutsche liga für den völkerbund german league of nations and set up regional groups of it including in her home town coburg 2 there she was very active in trying to keep the rise of national socialism at bay eckstein also helped establish a local society of the german democratic party an adult education centre a community club and a society for literature and music in addition to that eckstein was active in the protestant church and was a member of the state synod 4 eckstein stayed in switzerland from march to september 1933 and then returned to coburg 4 in order to maintain awareness of the kellogg briand pact she continued writing letters and in 1942 she attempted to publish a manuscript titled the will to power harmonized but the reich ministry of public enlightenment and propaganda under goebbels denied her permission 4 13 she died on 16 october 1947 at her home in coburg 4 legacy edit the city of coburg honoured eckstein and her accomplishments by naming a green space after her in 1987 14 in 2013 a primary school in meeder was renamed to anna b eckstein schule the school has a peace museum on the ground floor and a room dedicated to the life of anna eckstein 15 see also edit list of peace activists references edit 1 2 3 4 5 digitale bibliothek münchener digitalisierungszentrum daten digitale sammlungen de in german retrieved 19 november 2018 1 2 3 4 sperl karl eberhard 27 may 2014 anna b eckstein die kirchliche bildungsarbeit internet archive in german archived from the original presentation at the evangelisches bildungswerk on 15 june 2019 retrieved 28 july 2019 lutz rainer 12 june 2018 miss eckstein aus coburg und ihr traum von frieden coburger tageblatt 1 2 3 4 5 lammel wolfgang 30 june 2018 vision weltfrieden die pazifistin anna b eckstein sonntagsblatt in german munich retrieved 28 july 2019 1 2 lammel wolfgang vision weltfrieden die pazifistin anna b eckstein sonntagsblatt 360 grad evangelisch sonntagsblatt in german retrieved 26 june 2019 full text of hätte anna b eckstein den weltkrieg verhindern können archive org 10 march 2015 retrieved 28 july 2019 1 2 gottfried ted 2006 the fight for peace a history of antiwar movements in america twenty first century books p 73 isbn 9780761329329 peace conference finds progress made is rapid the evening item richmond indiana 3 may 1909 p 3 retrieved 26 july 2019 nomination archive nobelprize org retrieved 26 june 2019 nahe am nobelpreis region coburg 26 december 2013 archived from the original on 26 december 2013 retrieved 26 june 2019 eckstein anna bernhardine 1919 staatenschutzvertrag zur sicherung des weltfriedens münchen duncker humblot isbn 978 3 428 16274 1 cite book isbn date incompatibility help sperl karl eberhard 10 march 2015 hätte anna b eckstein 1914 den krieg verhindern können internet archive in german retrieved 28 july 2019 anna b eckstein collected papers 1886 1944 swarthmore college peace collection swarthmore pennsylvania archived from the original on 23 april 2019 retrieved 28 july 2019 sandner harald 2002 coburg im 20 jahrhundert die chronik über die stadt coburg und das haus sachsen coburg und gotha vom 1 januar 1900 bis zum 31 dezember 1999 von der guten alten zeit bis zur schwelle des 21 jahrhunderts gegen das vergessen coburg verlagsanstalt neue presse p 323 isbn 3000067329 oclc 643381875 schule oberfranken de schulliste grund und mittelschulen www schule oberfranken de retrieved 28 july 2019 authority control databases international isni viaf gnd fast worldcat national united states norway people deutsche biographie ddb retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title anna_b _eckstein oldid 1290832954 categories 1868 births 1947 deaths german pacifists people from coburg german expatriates in the united states hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata use dmy dates from june 2023 articles with hcards cs1 german language sources de cs1 errors isbn date this page was last edited on 17 may 2025 at 10 54 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents anna b eckstein 5 languages add topic