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est s motives toward china stemming largely from historical experiences specifically the century of humiliation 17 18 these suspicions have been increased by the chinese communist party s patriotic education campaign 19 although chinese millennials are largely apathetic to politics china s gen z now has an unprecedentedly low opinion of the west and western values since the reform and opening up of the 1970s citation needed young chinese have grievances such as the western alienation of chinese tech companies anti east asian racism anti chinese propaganda and pressure on china s internal affairs among other issues in a study conducted by toronto university in april 2020 4 out of every 5 chinese people under 30 years old said they do not trust americans 20 21 india edit see also hindu nationalism and hindutva although opinion polls suggest positive views towards western countries today anti western sentiments were common during the british raj due to the indian independence movement 22 anti western sentiment is widespread within the hindu nationalist circles due to various factors like occidentalist caricatures and resentment against the anti hindu pro muslim attitude of the western world which it sees to be dominated by wokes and islamoleftists in the context of conflict between hindus and muslims 23 24 25 26 contempt for western values like secularism and liberalism is encouraged by the hindu nationalists as decolonialism 27 japan edit further information sakoku japanese militarism japanese new left foreign relations of japan europe and japan united states relations the greater east asia conference in november 1943 participants left to right ba maw zhang jinghui wang jingwei hideki tojo wan waithayakon josé p laurel subhas chandra bose there is a history of criticism of the west within the intellectual history of japan 28 korea edit historically anti western sentiment in korea has been linked to the opposition to the christian missionary activities in the region most notably by the donghak movement 29 30 31 more recently it has been related to the occasional difficulties in the american korean relationship in south korea and to a vastly more pronounced extent north korea 32 anti western sentiments was just that extreme in the early phases of the republic of korea 33 it was confined to a very small number of people who faced arrest and jail under the national security law 1948 34 the rhee administration largely exploited the national security act to garner support for his extreme right wing power base its use also ensured that anti americanism remained the preserve of extremists ready to risk arrest in practice this meant that anti americanism remained intimately intertwined it was associated with marxism leninism until the onset of the democratisation movement 35 singapore edit lee kuan yew the former prime minister of singapore argued that east asian or confucian countries such as china japan korea and vietnam should develop based on asian values or what is generally referred to as confucian or sinitic values 36 in other words countries such as the four asian tigers should aspire to have western style standards of living without accepting liberal democratic social institutions and principles the asian values are primarily influenced by the ideals of confucianism notably filial piety and social cohesion 37 the concept of asian values is widely criticized as a means for instituting authoritarianism notably by amartya sen 38 middle east edit main article pan arabism islamism edit main articles islamism and israeli palestinian conflict anti american protests in iran together with political salafis jihadists also called salafist jihadists view christian europe as a land inhabited by infidels dar al kufr for jihadists this makes christian europe a just target for armed jihad e g acts of war or terrorist attacks jihadists refer to such lands as dar al harb lands of war 39 jihadists themselves motivate their attacks in two prominent ways to resist western christian military intervention in muslim countries especially those committed in favour of israel and to discourage perceived insults against islam such as the muhammad cartoons 40 john calvert writes that in their critique of the west islamists quote western thinkers like alexis carrel oswald spengler arnold j toynbee and arthur koestler 41 extremists terrorist groups al qaeda and isil isis are said to be both anti western they have been known to promote terrorism in western countries and anti western countries most notably russia 42 europe edit russia edit further information eurasianism russian world russian neo imperialism and golden billion russian president vladimir putin with religious leaders of russia 2015 putin has promoted religious traditionalism and the rejection of some western liberal principles like toleration of homosexuality samuel p huntington in clash of civilizations classifies russia and the rest of orthodox europe as a different civilization from western civilization 43 anti western sentiment in russia dates back to the 19th century intellectual debate between westernizers and slavophiles while the former deemed russia to be a lagging western country the latter rejected these claims outright and considered western europe to be rotten whence the russian language cliche phrase rotten west an important anti western figure during the reign of alexander iii of russia was konstantin pobedonostsev a former liberal who eventually renounced and thoroughly criticized his former views under the soviet union the west eventually became synonymous with the capitalist world resulting in the appearance of the famous propagandist cliché corrupting influence of the west after the cold war a number of politicians in the russian federation have supported an explicit promotion of russian orthodox traditionalism and a rejection of western liberalism some ultra nationalist politicians such as the late vladimir zhirinovsky express the most anti western sentiment vladimir putin has promoted explicitly conservative policies in social cultural and political matters both at home and abroad putin has attacked globalism and neoliberalism 44 and promoted new think tanks that stress russian nationalism the restoration of russia s historical greatness and systematic opposition to liberal ideas and policies 45 putin has collaborated closely with the russian orthodox church in this cultural campaign patriarch kirill of moscow head of the church endorsed his election in 2012 stating putin s terms were like a miracle of god 46 47 the russian orthodox church is known to host groups that promote nationalist and anti western tendencies 48 49 the russian government has restricted foreign funding of some liberal ngos pro russian activists in the former soviet union frequently equate the west with homosexuality and the gay agenda 50 the 2013 russian gay propaganda law was welcomed by nationalist and religious political figures in russia as a bulwark against western influence citation needed putin with heads of delegations at the 16th brics summit in kazan russia in october 2024 the yarovaya law prohibits evangelism by religious minorities it was used to ban the united states based jehovah s witnesses 51 in 2023 russia adopted a eurasianist anti western foreign policy strategy in a document titled the concept of the foreign policy of the russian federation approved by vladimir putin the document defined russia as a unique country civilization and a vast eurasian and euro pacific power that seeks to create a greater eurasian partnership by pursuing close relations with china india countries of the islamic world and rest of the global south latin america and sub saharan africa the policy identifies united states and other anglosphere as the main inspirer organizer and executor of the aggressive anti russian policy of the collective west and seeks the end of geopolitical american dominance in the international scene 52 53 54 in his speech in november 2023 putin claimed that the mongol tatar yoke resulting from the mongol invasion of kievan rus was better for the russian people than western domination saying alexander nevsky received a jarlyk permission from the khans of the golden horde to rule as a prince primarily so that he could effectively resist the invasion of the west according to putin the decision to submit to the tatar khans preserved the russian people and later all the peoples living on the territory of our country 55 turkey edit main article pan turkism further information european union turkey relations and turkey foreign relations during the ottoman period of turkish history a tradition of anti westernism developed 56 57 western europe edit further information islamo leftism euroscepticism red army faction list of anti nato parties and organizations and gaza war protests protest in slovenia against the alleged complicity of friedrich merz ursula von der leyen and kaja kallas in the gaza genocide 1 september 2025 this section needs expansion you can help by adding missing information october 2024 latin america edit this section does not cite any sources please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed october 2025 learn how and when to remove this message main article panhispanism see also pink tide cuban revolution nicaraguan revolution and chavismo anti western sentiment exists in latin america especially in countries where the population consists mostly of native americans such as bolivia guatemala or peru on the other hand in countries like argentina brazil chile and uruguay europeans are more represented in the population consequently there are many latin americans who identify as westerners so the anti western discourse is therefore not as prominent as in other regions that is not to say however that there is no anti western discourse indeed it can be found in countries with nationalist and populist leaders or movements including left wing political parties in colombia cuba mexico nicaragua or venezuela in recent years latin american nations have increasingly turned away from the united states fidel castro right meeting with brazilian president lula da silva a significant pink tide leader anti western sentiments are related to the history of american and european political interventions in latin america many people in the region lay sharp criticism on the united states for supporting cold war era coups and cia backed military dictatorships most latin american countries tend to be more regional focusing on internal cooperation accompanying this is a notable distrust of globalization latin american organizations like mercosur prosur and unasur are strong groups that represent this aspect of latin american foreign policy samuel p huntington in clash of civilizations controversially classifies latin america as a different civilization from western civilization see also edit anti americanism anti australian sentiment anti canadian sentiment anti europeanism anti armenian sentiment anti austrian sentiment anti british sentiment anti croatian sentiment anti dutch sentiment anti estonian sentiment anti french sentiment anti georgian sentiment anti german sentiment anti greek sentiment anti hungarian sentiment anti irish sentiment anti italian sentiment anti polish sentiment anti portuguese sentiment anti romanian sentiment anti russian sentiment anti serbian sentiment anti slavic sentiment anti spanish sentiment anti ukrainian sentiment anti israeli sentiment anti japanese sentiment anti palestine sentiment anti south korean sentiment anti turkish sentiment anti imperialism anti christian sentiment clash of civilizations occidentalism criticism of globalization gharbzadegi neocolonialism pan nationalism left wing populism post western era racism reverse racism right wing populism active measures anti white racism references edit definition of anti western www merriam webster com retrieved 30 november 2018 anti western definition of anti western in english by oxford dictionaries oxford dictionaries english archived from the original on 1 december 2018 retrieved 30 november 2018 abdul ahad ghaith 14 september 2012 anti western violence gripping the arab world has little to do with a film the guardian retrieved 22 august 2018 huntington samuel p 1 june 1993 the clash of civilizations foreign affairs 72 3 22 49 doi 10 2307 20045621 jstor 20045621 frindéthié martial k 2016 from lumumba to gbagbo africa in the eddy of the euro american quest for exceptionalism jefferson n c isbn 9781476623184 cite book cs1 maint location missing publisher link congo anti western sentiment grows ap news archived from the original on 2 march 2022 adem seifudein 10 november 2021 why ethiopia should trust the west foreign policy retrieved 22 june 2022 ethiopians protest against us over tigray amp dw com retrieved 22 june 2022 tens of thousands rally in ethiopia to support govt campaign against rebels denounce us france 24 7 november 2021 retrieved 22 october 2022 kwame nkrumah and the united states a tumultuous relationship association for diplomatic studies training diaspora mugabe supporters and the limits of a neocolonial pan africanism okayafrica 18 october 2016 anti western sentiment flourishes in china abc 24 april 2008 retrieved 8 june 2009 peter hays gries july 2001 tears of rage chinese nationalist reactions to the belgrade embassy bombing the china journal 46 46 canberra australia contemporary china center australian national university 25 43 doi 10 2307 3182306 issn 1324 9347 jstor 3182306 oclc 41170782 s2cid 145482835 protests against tibet independence erupt in cities china daily 19 april 2008 retrieved 23 may 2009 looking past western media bias against china china daily 28 february 2008 retrieved 7 june 2009 bristow michael 25 march 2008 china criticizes western media bbc news retrieved 7 june 2009 hope and fear full report of c 100 s survey on american and chinese attitudes toward each other pdf committee of 100 with assistance from zogby international and horizon research consultancy group 2008 archived from the original pdf on 9 november 2008 retrieved 8 june 2009 peter ford 17 april 2008 chinese vent anti western fury online the christian science monitor retrieved 8 june 2009 zhao suisheng a state led nationalism the patriotic education campaign in post tiananmen china communist and post communist studies vol 31 no 3 1998 pp 287 302 as attitudes to the west sour china s students turn home the economist 21 january 2021 issn 0013 0613 retrieved 2 november 2021 it s a generational thing china s youth leading nation away from us culture south china morning post 20 march 2021 retrieved 2 november 2021 anti western alliance amp dw com the rise of woke islamism in the west hudson institute www hudson org 7 october 2025 retrieved 25 october 2025 islamism and the left dissent magazine retrieved 25 october 2025 bhat prash...