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apple fileware wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 history 2 drive 3 diskette 4 format 5 reliability 6 references toggle the table of contents apple fileware 2 languages català español edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia floppy drive by apple fileware diskette fileware floppy disk drives and diskettes were designed by apple computer as a higher performance alternative to the disk ii and disk iii floppy systems used on the apple ii and apple iii personal computers though it only ended up being used in the original apple lisa the drive is named apple 871 in service documentation 1 based on its approximate formatted storage capacity in kilobytes but is most commonly known by its codename twiggy named for a famously thin 1960s fashion model history edit in 1978 apple intended to develop its own fileware drive mechanism for the new apple iii and lisa business computers being developed they quickly ran into difficulties which precluded them from the apple iii which continued to use the earlier shugart design 2 finally fileware drives were implemented in the lisa released on january 19 1983 the original macintosh was originally intended to have a shugart drive then a fileware drive then eventually shipped with sony s 3 5 400k diskette drive although apple planned to make fileware drives available for the apple ii and apple iii and announced them under the names unifile and duofile for single and dual drives respectively these products were never shipped 3 drive edit fileware drive is 5¼ inch double sided but not compatible with industry standard diskettes in a single sided floppy drive the disk head is opposed by a foam pressure pad in a normal double sided floppy disk drive the top and bottom heads are almost directly opposed apple was concerned about head wear and instead designed the fileware drive so the top and bottom heads are on opposite sides of the spindle and each is opposed by a pressure pad because there is only one actuator to move the heads when one head is near the spindle the other is near the outer rim of the disk 4 the drive is approximately the same size as a standard full height 5¼ inch floppy drive but does not use the standard mounting hole locations the electrical interface is completely different from that of standard drives though conceptually similar to that of the disk ii diskette edit the fileware diskette has the same overall jacket dimensions of a normal 5¼ inch diskette but because of the head arrangement the jacket has non standard cutouts for the heads with two sets of cutouts on opposite sides of the spindle hole the write enable sensor is also in a non standard location though most fileware diskettes were produced without a write protect slot the jacket has a corner cutout that keys the diskette to prevent insertion in an incorrect orientation and a rectangular hole that the drive uses to latch the diskette in place preventing removal until the software allows it fileware drives use 62 5 tracks per inch rather than the standard 48 or 96 tpi and use high flux density comparable to the later ibm 1 2 mb format introduced with the pc at this requires custom high density media the coercivity required is similar to that of the 1 2mb format so it is possible to modify the jacket of 1 2mb diskettes for use in a fileware drive format edit the disk format uses group coded recording gcr in a manner very similar to that of the disk ii the drive contains circuitry to allow software control over the motor speed which is used to maintain near constant flux transition rate on all tracks so that more data can be stored on the outer tracks each physical sector stores 512 data bytes and 12 tag bytes each side of the disk had 46 tracks and the number of sectors per track varies from 15 to 22 this results in 851 sectors per side or a total capacity of 871 424 bytes 5 the lisa hardware manual doesn t explicitly state the total number of sectors but page 173 states that there are 4 tracks of 22 sectors 7x21 6x20 6x19 6x18 6x17 7x16 and 4x15 the controller uses similar circuitry to the disk ii controller but runs at twice the clock rate the controller uses a dedicated mos 6504 microprocessor in the lisa this is on the system i o card and for the unifile duofile products it is on an interface card that plugs into a peripheral expansion slot the lisa 2 10 and macintosh xl i o card use the iwm controller chip to replace the ttl chips of the earlier design reliability edit fileware drives proved to be somewhat unreliable in early 1984 apple introduced the lisa 2 which uses a single 3½ inch sony floppy drive in place of the two fileware drives of the original lisa a free upgrade was offered to lisa 1 owners 6 references edit apple computer inc lisa schematics 1981 apple and the floppy drive archived may 6 2007 at the wayback machine lisa2 archived july 20 2011 at the wayback machine apple computer inc lisa hardware reference manual 1983 berry d lisa hardware manual final draft september 7th 1982 pdf bitsavers org apple retrieved february 28 2022 apple s twiggy disks retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title apple_fileware oldid 1357576717 categories apple inc hardware computer related introductions in 1983 floppy disk drives hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use mdy dates from october 2025 webarchive template wayback links this page was last edited on 3 june 2026 at 12 58 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents apple fileware 2 languages add topic