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aristoi wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 history toggle history subsection 1 1 customs 2 influences 3 see also 4 references toggle the table of contents aristoi 1 language español edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia label given to noblemen in ancient greek society for the science fiction novel by walter jon williams see aristoi novel the aristoi greek ἄριστοι was the label given to the noblemen in ancient greek society and in particular ancient athens the term literally means best with the denotation of best in terms of birth rank and nobility but also usually possessing the connotation of also being the morally best 1 goldman emphasizes that the notion of good work has been a persistent theme in defining the ideals of excellence suggesting that aristoi were not only leaders but also exemplars of ethical conduct and civic responsibility 2 the term in fact derives similarly with arete the root of the word is the same as aristos the word which shows superlative ability and superiority and aristos was constantly used in the plural to denote the nobility 3 history edit originally the aristoi were tightly knit families who had noble lineage such as the bacchiadae in ancient corinth in the early 6th century bc solon promulgated constitutional reforms in athens among the changes the status and power of the old aristocracy was altered by making wealth rather than birth a criterion for holding political position this system was called a timocracy greek τιμοκρατία this division called for a new division thus citizens were organized based on their land production pentacosiomedimni or pentakosiomedimnoi who had at least 500 medimnoi of wet or dry goods or their equivalent as yearly income hippeis who had at least 300 medimnoi or their equivalent as yearly income zeugitae who were possessors of a yoke of oxen with at least 150 medimnoi or their equivalent as yearly income thetes who were workers for wages or had less than 150 medimnoi or their equivalent as yearly income this new system established the pentakosiomedimnoi as the aristoi as such they were often split into powerful family factions or clans who controlled all of the important political positions in the polis their wealth usually came from both having property the most fertile or protected lands 4 however as the status was predicated on his wealth and losing it would cause the loss of nobility the advent of sea trade routes placed the aristoi at risk of losing everything through failed overseas investments 5 pittacus of mytilene instituted a law stating that crimes committed in drunkenness should be punished twofold 6 this law was directed predominantly against the aristocrats as they were more often guilty of drunk and violent behaviour as such it was greatly appreciated by the common people 7 8 customs edit in classical athens thucydides testifies concerning the customs of both citizens and of the rich he writes that no one bears weapons within the polis as it permits an easier and more luxurious mode of life 9 where the archaic aristocracy 10 used to carry weapons on their person in the city 11 the practice was completely abandoned due to cultural shifts among the causes were legal changes an example was the forbidding of people to bear arms in the agora under the penalty of death 12 the iconography of vases bear witness to this change depicting the transition from men carrying swords then spears then staffs then for a brief period of time parasols to eventually nothing 10 they even considered various reasons behind this transformation among the causes were legal reforms such as banning weapons in the agora under threat of death 10 thucydides also speaks of how the aristoi took cultural cues from the orient such as the luxury of wearing undergarments of linen and fastening a knot of their hair with a tie of golden grasshoppers 9 this went out of fashion after the athenian elite began to mimic the lacedaemonians wearing more modest garments in order to assimilate their way of life to that of the common people 9 the information in athens where elites began adopting more modest behaviors and styles was influence by broader civilizing trends for example the aristocratic adoption of spartan simplicity reflects a deliberate effort that will align with the democratic values this shift wasn t just about aesthetics but also signified a moral and political commitment to a shared civic identity 8 influences edit the aristoi classical academy formerly west houston charter school takes its name from the concept see also edit history of athens references edit greek word study tool tufts edu goldman harvey 2005 good work from homer to the present daedalus 134 3 36 41 issn 0011 5266 paideia the ideals of greek culture werner jaeger oxford university press ny 1945 vol i pg 5 mark cartwright greek society world history encyclopedia ancient greek history gingko app gingkoapp com aristotle politics 1274b 18 23 mcglew 1993 95 n 16 1 2 jon ploug jørgensen the taming of the aristoi an ancient greek civilizing process history of the human sciences july 2014 vol 27 no 3 pg 45 1 2 3 thucydides history of the peloponnesian war 1 6 1 2 3 jon ploug jørgensen the taming of the aristoi an ancient greek civilizing process history of the human sciences july 2014 vol 27 no 3 pg 42 aristotle politics aristotle bk 2 1268b jon ploug jørgensen the taming of the aristoi an ancient greek civilizing process history of the human sciences july 2014 vol 27 no 3 pg 41 v t e social class status stratum economic classes theories elite theory gilbert model marxian mudsill theory new class social privilege weberian three component related topics caste chattering classes class conflict class discrimination class society class traitor classicide classless society euthenics high society nouveau riche parvenu poverty ranked society snobbery social cleansing social exclusion social mobility social orphan social position social stigma subaltern status anxiety by demographic by status administrative detainee alien illegal immigrant refugee citizen dual or multiple native born naturalized second class clique adolescent convicted migrant worker political prisoner socioeconomic stateless by collar blue green grey new pink white by type ruling aristocracy aristoi hanseaten magnate oligarchy russian patrician ancient rome post roman political family list hereditary royal family intellectual clergy priest knowledge worker professor scholar warrior chhetri cossacks cuāuh harii hashashin knight kshatriya ocēlōtl pendekar rajanya jati rāijadāh samurai spartiate vanniyar vanniar chieftain upper business magnate elite gabellotto gentry lord nobility landed petty old money overclass robber baron seigneur superclass creative bohemians middle bourgeoisie petite burgher lower middle class upper middle class working commoner lazzaroni lumpenproletariat pea pickers peasant precariat proletariat working poor under ant tribe outcast outlaw prisoner serf plebeian rat tribe slave freedman untouchable by country or region united states affluence american dream history mobility classes upper black donor gentry middle black mexican american upper middle lower income household inequality personal poverty standard of living education homelessness home ownership other regions or countries africa belize cambodia china colombia france haiti india iran italy luxembourg nepal new zealand nigeria romania sri lanka tibet united kingdom united states historic 18th century spain ancient greece ancient rome aztec ottoman empire pre industrial east asia pre industrial europe soviet union category retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title aristoi oldid 1374190363 categories greek words and phrases positions of subnational authority social classes of ancient athens ancient greek titles hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata articles containing french language text this page was last edited on 10 september 2026 at 11 36 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a 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