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aspirating smoke detector wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 history 2 design 3 installation and placement 4 see also 5 references 6 external links toggle the table of contents aspirating smoke detector 4 languages deutsch español magyar русский edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia system in fire prevention a top sens2 asd unit made by wagner germany an aspirating smoke detector asd is a system used in active fire protection consisting of a central detection unit which draws air through a network of pipes to detect smoke 1 the sampling chamber is based on a nephelometer that detects the presence of smoke particles suspended in air by detecting the light scattered by them in the chamber asds can typically detect smoke before it is visible to the naked eye in most cases aspirating smoke detectors require a fan unit to draw in a sample of air from the protected area through its network of pipes 2 history edit in 1970 the australian commonwealth scientific and industrial research organisation csiro used a nephelometer to carry out research into forest fires subsequently the australian postmaster general s department engaged the csiro to investigate technologies that could prevent service interruption due to fire after selecting a sample site to carry out research the csiro suggested that the nephelometer should be used as the benchmark for the apo fire tests this was installed to monitor smoke levels within the return air ducts of the mechanical ventilation system utilising a chart recorder output display 3 at the conclusion of several weeks of testing it was discovered that there no commercially available fire detection technology suitable for preventing damage to telephone equipment one technology that did show great promise however was the nephelometer itself 4 in 1979 xtralis then iei pty ltd produced and sold an air sampling device they called vesda very early smoke detection apparatus the company redesigned the detector in 1982 to provide the reliability features size and reduced cost for export markets asd systems have gained popularity due to their ability to sense smoke long before a catastrophic incident 5 design edit asd design corrects shortcomings of conventional smoke detectors by using a sampling pipe with multiple holes the air samples are captured and filtered removing any contaminants or dust to avoid false alarms and then processed by a centralized highly sensitive laser detection unit if smoke is detected the systems alarm is triggered and signals are then processed through centralized monitoring stations within a few seconds 6 unlike passive smoke detection systems including spot detectors asd systems actively draw smoke to the detector through bore holes within a piping system that runs throughout the protected area furthermore asd systems incorporate integrity monitoring to ensure an alert is raised at any time the asd s ability to detect smoke is compromised this is not the case with passive devices that are generally only electrically monitored with no ability to determine if smoke can actually reach the detection element asd systems incorporate more than one level of alarm this allows an asd system to provide very early warning of an event prompting investigation at the earliest smouldering stage of a fire when it is easily addressed other alarm levels may be configured to provide fire alarm inputs to fire systems as well as releasing suppression systems asd alarm sensitivities are configurable and can be programmed to levels ranging from thousands of times more sensitive than a conventional detector to much less sensitive the detectors work best in non volatile environments 7 8 9 they can also be used in computer cabinets to alert users to the overheating of computer cables or individual computer components 10 installation and placement edit an example of how a simple asd unit with a single pipe could cover a five room area asds are suitable for environments where a highly sensitive rapid smoke detection capability is required this makes them suitable in clean rooms areas which contain goods easily damaged by fire such as tobacco electronic rooms and highly flammable liquid and gases often normal point detectors will recognise the danger too late as smoke often does not reach the ceiling quickly enough for a fire to be detected in a timely fashion 11 as they can be easily hidden pipe networks are suitable in environments where point detectors can be considered aesthetically displeasing such as offices apartments and hotel rooms this factor also makes them suitable in locations where point detectors can be easily tampered with such as in correctional facilities 12 despite their high sensitivity asds can be used in dusty or dirty environments as long as correct design installation and maintenance processes are followed most asd products can accommodate a broad range of environments and applications from both confined and open spaces to the cleanest or dirtiest environment including telecomm control rooms waste treatment mining and more 13 see also edit carbon monoxide detector heat detector smoke detector references edit aspirating smoke detectors asd siemens retrieved 2012 08 09 vesda systems fire security services archived from the original on october 14 2008 retrieved 2009 05 11 journal of applied fire science volume 2 baywood publishing company 1993 retrieved may 29 2013 the history of vesda and monitair cole innovation design archived from the original on november 18 2008 retrieved 2009 05 11 weadock megan 5 october 2009 a dangerous blind spot security products magazine retrieved 5 october 2009 do you have fire protection strategic facilities shengwei wang 2009 intelligent buildings and building automation taylor francis p 236 isbn 9780203890813 retrieved may 29 2013 landwards volumes 55 58 institution of agricultural engineers 2000 p 49 sam kubba 2009 leed practices certification and accreditation handbook butterworth heinemann p 369 isbn 9780080958590 retrieved may 29 2013 andrew furness and martin muckett 2007 introduction to fire safety management routledge p 228 isbn 9780750680684 retrieved november 29 2013 vesda clean rooms xtralis archived from the original on 15 april 2009 retrieved 2009 05 11 vesda correctional facilities xtralis archived from the original on 15 april 2009 retrieved 2009 05 11 what is ccd aspriating smoke detection archived 2016 01 13 at the wayback machine safe fire detection inc retrieved 2010 03 23 external links edit detecting smoke in air ducts link removed three wavelength integrating v t e fire protection fundamental concepts backdraft boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion bleve boilover combustibility and flammability conflagration dangerous goods hazmat deflagration detonation dust explosion enthalpy of vaporization explosive fire classification fire control fire loading fire point fire triangle flammability diagram flammability limit flammable liquid flashover flash point friction loss gas leak heat transfer jet fire k factor fire protection pool fire pyrolysis spontaneous combustion structure fire thermal radiation water pressure technology active fire protection automatic fire suppression condensed aerosol fire suppression detonation flame arrester external water spray system fire bucket fire prevention fire protection fire retardant fire retardant fabric fire retardant gel fire safe polymers fire safety fire sprinkler system fire suppression system firefighting foam flame arrester flame retardant flashback arrestor fusible link gaseous fire suppression hypoxic air technology for fire prevention inerting system intumescent passive fire protection personal protective equipment ppe relief valve spark arrestor tank blanketing vehicle fire suppression system building design annulus firestop area of refuge booster pump compartmentation crash bar electromagnetic door holder electromagnetic lock emergency exit emergency light exit sign fire curtain fire cut fire damper fire door fire escape fire extinguisher fire hose fire hydrant fire pump fire sprinkler firestop firestop pillow firewall construction grease duct heat and smoke vent packing firestopping penetrant mechanical electrical or structural penetration firestop pressurisation ductwork safety glass smoke control smoke damper smoke exhaust ductwork smokeproof enclosure standpipe firefighting fire alarm systems aspirating smoke detector carbon monoxide detector circuit integrity explosive gas leak detector fire alarm call box fire alarm control panel fire alarm notification appliance fire drill flame detector heat detector manual fire alarm activation smoke detector professions trades and services duct cleaning fire insurance fire protection engineering fireproofing fire resistance rating fire safety evaluation system fses fire test kitchen exhaust cleaning listing and approval use and compliance sprinkler fitting industry organizations institution of fire engineers ife national council of examiners for engineering and surveying ncees national fire protection association nfpa society of fire protection engineers sfpe underwriters laboratories ul standards ce marking en 3 en 54 en 16034 flame spread ghs hazard statements ghs precautionary statements life safety code nfpa 101 list of r phrases list of s phrases safety data sheet ul 94 awards arthur b guise medal harry c bigglestone award see also template fire template firefighting template hvac category commons retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title aspirating_smoke_detector oldid 1372198297 categories active fire protection detectors fire detection and alarm smoke aerosol measurement hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata webarchive template wayback links deprecated archive template links this page was last edited on 30 august 2026 at 20 54 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct 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