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azcapotzalco altepetl wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 history 2 notes 3 references toggle the table of contents azcapotzalco altepetl 8 languages español bahasa indonesia italiano ქართული português русский українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia pre columbian state in the valley of mexico this article is about the pre columbian polity for other uses see azcapotzalco disambiguation azcapotzalco 995 1428 map of the valley of mexico at the time of the spanish conquest showing the location of azcapotzalco capital azcapotzalco common languages nahuatl religion pre columbian nahua religion government monarchy historical era pre columbian established 995 incorporated into aztec empire 1428 succeeded by aztec empire azcapotzalco was a pre columbian nahua altepetl state capital of the tepanec empire in the valley of mexico on the western shore of lake texcoco the name azcapotzalco means at the anthill in nahuatl its inhabitants were called azcapotzalca according to the 17th century annalist chimalpahin azcapotzalco was founded by chichimecs in the year 995 ad 1 the most famous ruler tlatoani of azcapotzalco was tezozomoctli history edit according to chronicler fernando alva ixtlilxóchitl the tepanecs were a chichimec group that settled in 1012 in the region west of lake texcoco their lineage began when their acolhua leader or acolnahuacatl married xolotl s daughter cuetlaxochitzin but this information is apocryphal since acolnahuacatl s life is considered to have occurred much later chimalpahin places their settlement before in 995 in fact archaeological investigations have revealed that azcapotzalco was inhabited since the classical period around year 600 and were related to the teotihuacan s culture and language as it is known that they still spoke the otomi language in the 14th century while nahuatl was the lingua franca from 1272 on continuing with data provided by chimalpahin he mentions that tepanecs entered the triple alliance from 1047 this alliance is different from a much later alliance involving the aztecs the documents indicate that last line starts with matlacohuatl 2 the second tlatoani was chiconquiauhtzin azcapotzalco was founded in the 13th century in the west of lake texcoco azcapotzalco maintained a dominant hegemony with the aztecs who arrived in 1299 settling on the chapultepec hill and were dominated allowed the mexitin establishment in chapultepec in 1281 1286 so they expelled the matlatzincas texcaltepecas texcaltepec former name of the village of malinalco also remained neutral when a four nation coalition razed the chapoltepec mexitin and santa catarina sierra in 1299 when they are subjected to the colhuacan yoke in 1318 for the first time they attacked the aztecs which resulted in an increased tribute and greater participation in military campaigns around of 1315 the tepanec toltec and chichimec drove the aztecs definitively from chapultepec copil was captured and killed by the aztecs his heart was ripped out and thrown into the river according to a legend huitzilopochtli had to kill his nephew copil and threw his heart in the lake however since copil was his relative huitzilopochtli decided to honor him and made a cactus grow over copil heart and it became a sacred place the aztecs attempted to ally with the colhua to confront the tepanec they were allowed to settle in tizapán near colhuacan in 1323 the aztecs slaughtered a colhua princess in front of her father the colhua had been expelled from tizapán and immediately declared war the aztecs called for immediate azcapotzalco protection and from this point forward they were subject to military economic and strategic decisions of the tepanecas at acolnahuacatl s death his son tezozomoc only 23 years old took his place tezozomoc may be the most important and crucial post classical period figure during his reign ca 1371 1426 azcapotzalco reached its greatest splendor at the time of his death in 1426 3 azcapotzalco was an authentic hueyi tlahtohcayotl it controlled trade routes at least 40 altépetl his political decisions both destroyed villages and favored the emergence of others he installed his sons on the thrones of many nearby altépetl such as his son cuacuapitzahuac who ruled tlatelolco until 1407 the later supremacy of tenochtitlan was a result of tezozómoc s policies tezozómoc forced the aztecs to fight with him and together conquered the city of colhuacan in 1385 between 1414 1418 azcapotzalco controlled the entire valley of mexico thanks to the decisive contribution of aztec and mercenary forces and a series of careful pacts with regional people azcapotzalco became an economic center of enormous power in 1426 when tezozómoc died his son maxtla took power maxtla failed to maintain alliances and lost the crucial support of the aztecs by arranging for the assassination of their tlatoani chimalpopoca as a result tenochtitlan banded together with its neighbors including texcoco and tlacopan into what became known as the second triple alliance together they attacked and sacked azcapotzalco in 1428 hegemonic power passed to tenochtitlan and consequently to the aztec empire notes edit chimalpahin 1997 vol 2 p 65 actually these governors names come from two sources in the garcía granados codex the azcapotzalco blood line is outlined without dates in the following order maxtlacozcatl matlacohuatl chiconquiauitl tezcapoctli tehuehuactzin micacalcatl xiuhtlatonac acolnahuacatl y tezozomoc the tlatelolco annals provide another list in which the first three and the two last names appear but misses the other three in italics the advantage of the second list is that these are the proposed dates in the article the three missing names could be accommodated in an alternate sequence considering data from other sources that placed the rise of acolnahuacatl 1302 creating a brief lagoon from 1283 to 1302 even if no document suggests so there are other dates in the sources which makes him older ixtlilxochitl his rise is marked in 1051 and his death in 1357 306 years obviously it is mythical chimalpain marks a more recent and credible dates acolnahuacatl ruled from 1302 to 1366 and tezozomoc 1367 to 1426 some contemporary historians including lopez austin placed acolnahuacatl death and tezozómoc rise in 1371 references edit chimalpahin quauhtlehuanitzin domingo francisco de san antón muñón 1997 codex chimalpahin ed and trans by arthur j o anderson and susan schroeder norman and london oklahoma university press retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title azcapotzalco_ altepetl oldid 1367165539 categories altepetl valley of mexico 10th century establishments in north america 995 establishments 15th century disestablishments in north america states and territories established in the 990s states and territories disestablished in 1428 azcapotzalco former native american polities hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters mexico city articles missing geocoordinate data all articles needing coordinates articles missing coordinates without coordinates on wikidata this page was last edited on 1 august 2026 at 11 59 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents azcapotzalco altepetl 8 languages add topic