Meta tags:

Headings (most frequently used words):

and, of, peace, bangsamoro, history, government, process, governors, the, contents, etymology, administrative, divisions, demographics, economy, education, culture, natural, heritage, notable, people, see, also, notes, references, external, links, early, arrival, islam, spanish, american, colonial, rule, postwar, era, moro, conflict, creation, provinces, vice, languages, organizational, structure, relation, to, central, formation, armm, 1996, deal, talks, with, milf, transition, ceremonial, executive, legislative, judiciary,

Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (711), and (214), #bangsamoro (175), region (108), retrieved (76), mindanao (72), for (68), 2019 (65), was (62), from (58), philippine (58), philippines (58), muslim (57), government (48), autonomous (47), sulu (44), with (43), law (43), del (43), cotabato (42), which (42), february (37), moro (36), edit (36), january (33), barmm (32), september (32), 2024 (31), peace (31), maguindanao (31), authority (30), city (30), statistics (29), 2021 (29), population (29), part (28), its (28), armm (26), regional (26), that (26), mnlf (25), 2015 (25), norte (25), were (25), provinces (24), 2025 (24), are (24), agreement (23), national (23), chief (23), their (23), sur (22), tawi (22), lanao (22), plebiscite (22), parliament (22), datu (21), not (21), under (20), march (20), area (20), university (20), transition (20), 2022 (19), 2020 (19), organic (19), minister (19), august (19), also (19), july (18), may (17), archived (17), pdf (17), 2018 (17), spanish (17), october (16), articles (16), 2023 (16), administrative (16), geographic (16), milf (16), state (16), basilan (16), poverty (16), special (15), barangays (15), province (15), has (15), original (15), news (15), after (15), marcos (15), bol (15), 2012 (14), against (14), groups (14), development (14), between (14), president (14), muslims (14), two (14), main (14), majority (14), this (13), regions (13), zamboanga (13), marawi (13), liberation (13), history (13), held (13), 2026 (12), 2016 (12), conflict (12), autonomy (12), southern (12), april (12), psa (12), inquirer (12), census (12), first (12), during (12), had (12), would (12), later (12), people (11), 2014 (11), massacre (11), central (11), islamic (11), front (11), former (11), elections (11), languages (10), wikipedia (10), process (10), tagalog (10), cities (10), college (10), creation (10), commission (10), november (10), new (10), system (10), deal (10), who (10), islam (10), only (10), have (10), included (10), june (9), sabah (9), visayas (9), year (9), christian (9), three (9), governor (9), one (9), members (9), inclusion (9), links (8), all (8), divisions (8), other (8), davao (8), 2000 (8), 2007 (8), island (8), asg (8), leaders (8), soccsksargen (8), manila (8), municipalities (8), sultan (8), culture (8), archipelago (8), deputy (8), ministers (8), rappler (8), political (8), towns (8), into (8), years (8), see (8), term (8), been (8), but (8), ratification (8), non (7), established (7), 1996 (7), 2013 (7), isabela (7), islands (7), msu (7), parliamentary (7), cabinet (7), 124 (7), incidence (7), court (7), party (7), various (7), over (7), territory (7), voters (7), land (7), act (7), then (7), elected (7), most (7), own (7), palace (7), began (7), when (7), led (7), native (7), cebuano (7), signed (7), toggle (6), last (6), english (6), international (6), eastern (6), comprehensive (6), 1976 (6), tripoli (6), bombings (6), 2009 (6), lamitan (6), murad (6), ebrahim (6), independence (6), group (6), executive (6), jabidah (6), capital (6), areas (6), legislative (6), list (6), education (6), period (6), parang (6), center (6), basic (6), 1932 (6), now (6), local (6), daily (6), gma (6), ratified (6), net (6), include (6), duterte (6), per (6), until (6), his (6), became (6), american (6), these (6), bta (6), following (6), ceremonial (6), article (6), count (6), time (6), second (6), while (6), called (6), rule (6), country (6), japanese (6), page (5), filipino (5), dead (5), external (5), states (5), security (5), western (5), framework (5), final (5), bombing (5), clash (5), misuari (5), northern (5), peninsula (5), iii (5), luzon (5), tausug (5), peoples (5), services (5), politics (5), republic (5), general (5), sinsuat (5), component (5), times (5), agency (5), office (5), economy (5), out (5), december (5), full (5), official (5), shari (5), congress (5), will (5), united (5), growth (5), declared (5), heritage (5), place (5), inauguration (5), power (5), still (5), body (5), create (5), press (5), asian (5), movement (5), they (5), ethnic (5), long (5), war (5), supreme (5), join (5), total (5), seat (5), needed (5), aquino (5), justice (5), including (5), among (5), used (5), being (5), maimbung (5), made (5), economic (5), because (5), malay (5), administration (5), despite (5), took (5), voted (5), forces (5), did (5), migrants (5), table (4), contents (4), search (4), view (4), code (4), about (4), text (4), foundation (4), commons (4), wikidata (4), clarification (4), 2011 (4), unsourced (4), statements (4), language (4), wayback (4), team (4), accord (4), jolo (4), 2006 (4), 2001 (4), siege (4), 2017 (4), battle (4), tipo (4), mamasapano (4), operation (4), freedom (4), sali (4), council (4), negros (4), ilocos (4), districts (4), oriental (4), occidental (4), yakan (4), sama (4), iranun (4), communities (4), lumad (4), demographics (4), cultural (4), adiong (4), municipality (4), speaker (4), shariff (4), bongao (4), facto (4), draft (4), report (4), identity (4), vice (4), institute (4), significant (4), world (4), key (4), filipinos (4), based (4), abs (4), cbn (4), 1903 (4), natural (4), residents (4), carolyn (4), mindanews (4), turnover (4), southeast (4), 1989 (4), hataman (4), resistance (4), terrorism (4), struggle (4), violence (4), resolution (4), vote (4), board (4), shall (4), establish (4), known (4), appointed (4), regular (4), both (4), royal (4), sultanate (4), lumads (4), colonial (4), some (4), before (4), predecessor (4), session (4), created (4), head (4), arrival (4), settlers (4), along (4), governors (4), scope (4), figures (4), constitutionality (4), voting (4), resulted (4), talks (4), mim (4), martial (4), caluang (4), udtog (4), matalam (4), hide (4), move (4), sidebar (4), subsection (4), using (3), site (3), organization (3), wikimedia (3), use (3), pages (3), extension (3), link (3), foreign (3), arabic (3), coordinates (3), asia (3), control (3), related (3), monitoring (3), command (3), afp (3), 1987 (3), jeddah (3), 2004 (3), 2002 (3), day (3), campaign (3), maute (3), biff (3), nur (3), fighters (3), ansar (3), xii (3), southwestern (3), cagayan (3), cordillera (3), sub (3), historical (3), formally (3), proposed (3), primary (3), kudarat (3), south (3), samar (3), maranao (3), chavacano (3), tausūg (3), agricultural (3), public (3), lake (3), entity (3), current (3), mustapha (3), mohammad (3), ampatuan (3), odin (3), buluan (3), jure (3), machine (3), form (3), proclaimed (3), post (3), weather (3), bulletin (3), typhoon (3), kamlian (3), research (3), reduction (3), recorded (3), estimates (3), 2005 (3), rules (3), high (3), housing (3), more (3), north (3), help (3), election (3), comelec (3), arguillas (3), take (3), can (3), replace (3), 978 (3), isbn (3), lucman (3), rashid (3), fake (3), merdeka (3), armed (3), separatism (3), support (3), yes (3), era (3), series (3), permanent (3), since (3), however (3), recognized (3), establishment (3), congressman (3), mainland (3), includes (3), christians (3), music (3), distinct (3), town (3), replica (3), there (3), 105 (3), 100 (3), much (3), provisions (3), could (3), themselves (3), jurisdiction (3), traditional (3), within (3), indigenous (3), courts (3), organized (3), transitional (3), officials (3), citation (3), meant (3), extended (3), powers (3), rodrigo (3), interim (3), lingua (3), many (3), moros (3), considered (3), right (3), grand (3), mosque (3), pfp (3), said (3), 135 (3), 400 (3), due (3), simple (3), become (3), mostly (3), thirteen (3), four (3), kalingalan (3), him (3), jibin (3), arula (3), account (3), what (3), lands (3), homeland (3), continued (3), result (3), early (3), century (3), sultanates (3), tools (3), contact (2), privacy (2), policy (2), additional (2), terms (2), apply (2), agree (2), utc (2), categories (2), needing (2), cs1 (2), sources (2), url (2), containing (2), dates (2), written (2), short (2), description (2), different (2), territories (2), https (2), org (2), proclamation (2), zone (2), paglas (2), bukidnon (2), kidnappings (2), rizal (2), 1985 (2), lahad (2), incidents (2), ungkaya (2), pukan (2), bohol (2), clashes (2), butig (2), barka (2), 2008 (2), camp (2), 1995 (2), 1977 (2), 1974 (2), abdullah (2), abu (2), islamists (2), pro (2), khalifa (2), rebel (2), 1971 (2), 1968 (2), xiii (2), caraga (2), viii (2), vii (2), nir (2), bicol (2), mimaropa (2), calabarzon (2), valley (2), car (2), ncr (2), surigao (2), leyte (2), quezon (2), pangasinan (2), mindoro (2), nueva (2), misamis (2), camarines (2), agusan (2), hymn (2), flag (2), teduray (2), maguindanaon (2), visayan (2), chinese (2), settler (2), properties (2), notre (2), dame (2), tcto (2), lncat (2), memorial (2), liguasan (2), marsh (2), bay (2), pandemic (2), insurgency (2), juridical (2), darul (2), senior (2), upi (2), turtle (2), tagoloan (2), mastura (2), sapa (2), buayan (2), bayabao (2), kabuntalan (2), old (2), hadji (2), salipada (2), pendatun (2), saudi (2), midtimbang (2), akbar (2), provincial (2), independent (2), wikivoyage (2), media (2), whaley (2), floyd (2), kiram (2), self (2), poorest (2), bureau (2), 125 (2), via (2), plan (2), integrative (2), jamail (2), library (2), iligan (2), technology (2), social (2), 2nd (2), fastest (2), growing (2), shadow (2), economies (2), infrastructure (2), lasting (2), declined (2), proportion (2), percent (2), updated (2), municipal (2), level (2), 2003 (2), small (2), grants (2), unconstitutional (2), calonzo (2), andreo (2), democratic (2), similar (2), kingdom (2), annual (2), rates (2), censuses (2), 2010 (2), popcen (2), counts (2), preservation (2), mga (2), resources (2), remain (2), joining (2), moved (2), another (2), issue (2), belongs (2), depasupil (2), william (2), banc (2), ruling (2), split (2), ranada (2), pia (2), unson (2), john (2), star (2), begin (2), excluded (2), france (2), left (2), online (2), reject (2), deemed (2), voice (2), america (2), rebels (2), pact (2), historic (2), senate (2), studies (2), affairs (2), project (2), secession (2), george (2), 1980 (2), alonto (2), regime (2), order (2), destabilize (2), 1988 (2), rüland (2), jürgen (2), eds (2), paul (2), challenges (2), werning (2), rainer (2), damien (2), kingsbury (2), global (2), causes (2), kapahi (2), tañada (2), path (2), counter (2), terrorist (2), trends (2), analyses (2), jstor (2), 26458484 (2), banlaoi (2), validity (2), esguerra (2), newsinfo (2), wins (2), villages (2), quarter (2), names (2), household (2), households (2), passed (2), celebrations (2), hdi (2), gross (2), domestic (2), product (2), references (2), basis (2), notes (2), federalism (2), community (2), house (2), representatives (2), benigno (2), mujiv (2), killed (2), notable (2), unesco (2), tentative (2), type (2), arts (2), flowers (2), largest (2), noted (2), does (2), where (2), 106 (2), jambangan (2), kulintang (2), kabunsuan (2), provides (2), free (2), school (2), levels (2), universities (2), colleges (2), same (2), projects (2), deals (2), 103 (2), signing (2), expansion (2), effectively (2), source (2), port (2), polloc (2), subject (2), constitutional (2), gain (2), approval (2), relation (2), like (2), though (2), effective (2), five (2), laws (2), judiciary (2), pending (2), composed (2), legislation (2), serves (2), legislature (2), dissolve (2), governance (2), through (2), come (2), having (2), appoints (2), confirmation (2), such (2), dissolution (2), organizational (2), structure (2), speak (2), mass (2), chabacano (2), franca (2), natives (2), 691 (2), 583 (2), 944 (2), 800 (2), minority (2), portion (2), ali (2), reference (2), released (2), localities (2), removed (2), 608 (2), 935 (2), 000 (2), 390 (2), 426 (2), density (2), respective (2), eight (2), although (2), should (2), back (2), further (2), abolition (2), way (2), setting (2), expanded (2), joined (2), six (2), even (2), bbl (2), stated (2), regarding (2), announced (2), named (2), failed (2), combined (2), force (2), charter (2), leader (2), days (2), formation (2), proposal (2), entirety (2), those (2), predominantly (2), commanders (2), salamat (2), formed (2), ground (2), than (2), dissolved (2), already (2), declaration (2), 1972 (2), ferdinand (2), events (2), tun (2), shared (2), sayyid (2), capt (2), training (2), saw (2), negotiated (2), ultimately (2), get (2), eventually (2), recruits (2), military (2), them (2), rejected (2), reasons (2), enrile (2), suffered (2), resettlement (2), referred (2), politicians (2), immediately (2), forced (2), learn (2), ownership (2), actions (2), felt (2), domination (2), displaced (2), centuries (2), arrived (2), agriculture (2), presidents (2), migration (2), commonwealth (2), violent (2), postwar (2), troops (2), homestead (2), program (2), particular (2), influx (2), except (2), spaniards (2), nation (2), americans (2), etymology (2), presidential (2), several (2), devolved (2), بانجسامورو (2), gdp (2), top (2), here (2), appearance (2), upload (2), file (2), changes (2), read (2), bahasa (2), log (2), donate (2), menu (2), add, topic, mobile, cookie, statement, developers, conduct, legal, safety, contacts, disclaimers, available, you, registered, trademark, profit, inc, creative, attribution, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, edited, hidden, kartographer, category, iso, 639, unfit, webarchive, template, permanently, gadget, wikiminiatlas, mdy, establishments, index, php, title, oldid, 1378802327, yale, lux, musicbrainz, databases, refugees, 216, ilaga, cross, border, attacks, joint, zones, market, occupation, cathedral, bus, superferry, dos, palmas, sipadan, ozamiz, ferry, ambush, involving, civilians, darkhorse, standoff, beheading, incident, enduring, rebellion, abubakar, ipil, 1981, pata, patikul, omar, hamsiraji, marusi, rsm, ahmed, santos, jainal, antel, radullan, sahiron, sabaya, albader, parad, ameril, umbra, kato, khadaffy, janjalani, isnilon, hapilon, muslimin, sema, kim, islamiyah, akp, sayyaf, palimbang, tacub, manili, piracy, rido, racism, gun, cultures, drug, abuse, prelude, metropolitan, lgus, sitios, puroks, subdivisions, poblacion, metro, sibugay, zambales, tarlac, sorsogon, siquijor, sarangani, romblon, quirino, pampanga, palawan, vizcaya, ecija, mountain, masbate, marinduque, laguna, union, kalinga, iloilo, ifugao, guimaras, dinagat, oro, cebu, cavite, catanduanes, capiz, camiguin, bulacan, biliran, benguet, batangas, batanes, bataan, aurora, apayao, antique, albay, aklan, abra, emblem, symbols, badjao, tinuray, police, sea, rio, grande, gulf, illana, geography, plebiscites, measles, outbreak, division, covid, jakarta, assembly, ifta, mps, topics, clusters, wao, tugunan, tugaya, tuburan, tubaran, taraka, tandubas, tamparan, talitay, talayan, tabuan, lasa, sumisip, barongis, dumalondong, ubian, sitangkai, simunul, sibutu, saydona, aguak, saguiaran, rajah, pualas, poona, picong, piagapo, panglima, sugala, pandag, pahamuddin, paglat, pagayawan, pagalungan, kaabakan, nabalawag, mulondo, matanog, masiu, marogong, marantao, mapun, mangudadatu, maluso, malidegao, malabang, maguing, madamba, madalum, lumbayanague, lumbatan, lumbaca, unayan, lumba, ligawasan, lantawan, languyan, kapatagan, kapalawan, kapai, kadayangan, muhtamad, ajul, guindulungan, ganassi, ditsaan, ramain, unsay, salibo, piang, montawal, hoffer, blah, anggal, sangki, calanogas, buldon, bubong, buadiposo, buntong, binidayan, bayang, barira, balindong, balabagan, bacolod, kalawi, amai, manabilang, capitals, openbangsamoro, bicameral, travel, guide, york, esmail, dies, pittsburgh, gazette, obituary, jamalul, printing, meteorological, selga, miguel, ams, publications, 1175, 1520, 0493, 124b, ttojam, doi, 1932mwrv, 124s, bibcode, monthly, review, indo, china, 1999, catalogue, record, chancellor, wisconsin, madison, society, book, readings, manoguid, bart, saad, creates, progress, agri, pines, consistent, protection, initiatives, fernandez, edwin, grows, alert, understanding, building, minimising, risks, maximising, dividends, bank, boosting, farm, profitability, access, decreases, poor, releases, estimation, laforga, beatrice, businessworld, accepting, approved, bicam, approves, lalu, gabriel, pabico, lgu, asks, junk, gavilan, jodesz, positions, pnoy, personally, submits, quintos, patrick, comes, hard, enumerated, highly, urbanized, highlights, crisis, fostering, inclusive, bajo, anna, felicia, masino, dona, paghubog, kuwentong, environment, bolledo, jairo, approve, arguilas, minda, pikit, fate, geducos, argyll, cyrus, ensures, uninterrupted, umel, richel, dela, cruz, sheila, mae, belong, nearest, execs, seek, exit, leaning, continue, amid, affirms, oks, postponement, philstar, supports, reset, again, date, oath, turns, how, soon, benefit, member, agence, presse, stronghold, tomacruz, sofia, rejects, orendain, simone, try, salvage, govt, regencia, ted, jazeera, prepares, legaspi, amita, panel, iqbal, real, name, mayuga, sylvia, stripped, naked, howe, brendan, 4094, 6943, ashgate, publishing, east, kin, wah, chin, 981, 230, 238, stanford, mapping, militants, yegar, moshe, lexington, books, 268, 267, integration, thailand, burma, myanmar, majul, cesar, mizan, contemporary, oxford, 134, 130, revolt, rise, fallon, joseph, fourth, journal, igorot, reemergence, bantayog, bayani, martyrs, heroes, haroun, rowena, stories, leadership, vol, management, energy, bridging, societal, divides, roxas, pathricia, ann, solon, speaks, dnd, hands, off, comment, lashes, parlade, remarks, killings, sambalud, mart, massacres, gave, birth, marites, dañguilan, vitug, glenda, gloria, inside, story, mckenna, thomas, california, 137, rulers, everyday, hoadley, stephen, 233, reassessed, wurfel, david, kahin, mct, cornell, decay, macapado, 1994, nonviolent, alternative, rodell, smith, sharpe, 127, transnational, stability, bitter, legacies, graf, arndt, kreuzer, peter, universiti, sains, malaysia, prospects, lecturer, costas, laoutides, routledge, 317, 63139, territorial, outcomes, centre, volume, www, stable, refreqid, excelsior, 3a48a9974f3bd724720e82ca4b66b58b0d, ab_segments, origin, accepttc, eliseo, mercado, omi, upholds, declares, anushka, gabrielle, fonbuena, carmela, anthony, expresses, jennings, ralph, takes, aim, strife, suson, divina, sarmiento, bong, dawns, stronger, galvez, daphne, zubiri, overwhelming, shows, shedding, tmt, reyes, dempsey, prevails, approving, adopting, third, standard, updates, correct, number, average, size, khaliq, riyaz, anadolu, marks, working, holiday, begins, anniversary, data, lab, unless, otherwise, provided, subsequent, mid, yet, physical, done, gradual, defined, exercise, human, rights, fashion, designer, inspired, terno, designs, ben, farrales, prolific, artist, kublai, millan, blogger, philanthropist, advocate, organizer, jay, jaboneta, professional, boxer, romero, duno, stand, comedian, dubai, imah, dumagay, lead, convenor, anti, noel, felongco, cardinal, catholic, church, archbishop, orlando, quevedo, commander, schooled, paris, sorbonne, abdulgani, salapuddin, anak, representative, officer, charge, postponed, coincide, synchronized, sabbihi, kingpin, dynast, bomb, blast, wahab, chairman, ahod, kagi, possesses, vast, array, landscapes, seascapes, types, environs, ancient, lakes, rainforest, peak, wildlife, sanctuary, revolves, around, specific, gong, found, each, architectures, intangible, craft, fine, example, architectural, style, architecture, make, demolished, heavily, damaged, never, rebuilt, built, faithfully, ongoing, 1933, very, nearby, 2010s, mean, reconstruct, stopped, manifest, true, essence, designated, family, claimants, throne, pretenders, buried, 109, 108, 107, daru, 104, kuyog, street, dancing, competition, guinakit, fluvial, parade, festival, dancers, complex, fortifications, mosques, grade, secondary, run, trades, bassu, trac, amsc, cotsu, private, ndu, skiafc, teachers, pmtc, jamiatul, islamia, jpi, jmm, ama, computer, sti, jamiatu, academy, oceanography, rate, exceeding, pre, making, praised, citing, impact, 102, anticipation, passage, rapid, beginning, successes, processes, described, seeing, decades, sluggish, activity, coming, informal, sector, identified, drivers, 101, integral, inseparable, exercises, supervision, fiscal, revenues, levy, taxes, fees, charges, receive, donations, entities, department, finance, 11054, applies, unlike, provision, realized, consist, justices, presiding, oversee, volunteer, submit, recognizes, tribal, disputes, circuit, district, appellate, direct, planned, depending, fixed, ordinances, mandated, deputies, discretion, advises, matters, roughly, equivalent, unelected, advisory, without, selected, nomination, once, coalition, holding, seats, won, assisted, minimum, holder, position, commissions, agencies, boards, bureaus, offices, headed, function, serving, selects, functions, moral, guardianship, convocation, practiced, westminster, btc, spoken, latter, serve, case, ease, speaking, locals, barter, traders, francas, hiligaynon, ilocano, 080, 825, 527, 926, 379, 948, 966, 894, 509, 079, 234, 781, 1990, 648, 272, 484, 424, 1975, 466, 414, 1970, 167, 928, 1960, 677, 520, 1948, 517, 695, 1939, 308, 024, 1918, pop, lives, primarily, zamboangueños, visayans, ilocanos, umbrella, mainly, large, maguindanaons, maranaos, advent, inhabitants, adjacent, identify, spouses, descendants, colonization, syed, abdulla, yshmael, hisham, nando, marshall, tucao, khalid, lakas

Text of the page (random words):
issolved the various political groups that had been previously established in the moro provinces and with the mim having already been dissolved marcos declaration of martial law effectively assured the mnlf which was more radical than its predecessors would come to dominate the moro separatist movement 45 peace process edit main article bangsamoro peace process on december 23 1976 the tripoli agreement was signed between the philippine government and the mnlf with the deal brokered by then libyan leader muammar gaddafi under a deal an autonomous region was to be created in mindanao 46 marcos would later implement the agreement by creating two regional autonomous governments rather than one in regions 9 and 12 46 which cover ten instead of thirteen provinces this led to the collapse of the peace pact and the resumption of hostilities between the mnlf and philippine government forces 47 48 in signing the 1976 tripoli agreement however misuari did not consult one of the mnlf s key commanders salamat hashim salamat formed a splinter faction along with 57 other mnlf ground commanders which then became the moro islamic liberation front milf 49 a year after marcos was ousted from power during the people power revolution the government under president corazon aquino signed the 1987 jeddah accord in saudi arabia with the mnlf agreeing to hold further discussions on the proposal for autonomy to the entirety of mindanao and not just the thirteen provinces stated in the 1976 tripoli agreement in 1989 however an act establishing the autonomous region in muslim mindanao armm was passed the mnlf demanded that the thirteen tripoli agreement provinces majority of which were christian provinces be included in the armm but the government refused eight of those provinces were predominantly christian shortly thereafter the government held only four provinces as only lanao del sur maguindanao sulu and tawi tawi voted to be included in the armm the four provinces were the only muslim majority provinces at the time 48 formation of armm and 1996 peace deal edit main articles autonomous region in muslim mindanao and 1996 final peace agreement a plebiscite was held in 1989 for the ratification of the charter which created the autonomous region in muslim mindanao armm with zacaria candao a counsel of the mnlf as the first elected regional governor on september 2 1996 a final peace deal was signed between the mnlf and the philippine government under president fidel ramos mnlf leader and founder nur misuari was elected regional governor three days after the agreement 46 another plebiscite was held in 2001 for the expansion of the region with the city of marawi and the province of basilan excluding isabela joining the region peace talks with the milf edit in 1996 peace talks between the philippine government and mnlf s rival group the milf began 46 the first deal between the national government and the milf was made in 2008 the memorandum of agreement on ancestral domain moa ad the agreement would be declared unconstitutional by the supreme court many weeks later 46 the deal would have led to the creation of the bangsamoro juridical entity bje under the administration of president benigno aquino iii two deals were agreed upon between the national government and the milf the framework agreement on the bangsamoro which was signed on october 15 2012 and the comprehensive agreement on the bangsamoro on march 27 2014 50 51 which included plans regarding the establishment of a new autonomous region in 2012 aquino announced intentions to establish a new autonomous political entity to be named bangsamoro to replace the armm which he called a failed experiment 52 under his administration a draft for a bangsamoro basic law bbl was formulated but failed to gain traction to become law owing in part to the mamasapano clash that occurred in january 2015 46 that involved the murder of 44 mostly christian special action force saf personnel by allegedly combined forces of the milf and the bangsamoro islamic freedom fighters biff after an operation to kill malaysian militant zulkifli abdhir known by the alias marwan 53 creation of bangsamoro edit voters look for their names at a precinct in marawi during the january 21 bol plebiscite under the presidency of aquino s successor rodrigo duterte a new draft for the bbl was made and became legislated into law as the bangsamoro organic law bol in 2018 46 a plebiscite to ratify the bol was held on january 21 2019 with a majority of armm voters deciding for the ratification of the law voters in cotabato city voted to join the new autonomous region while voters in isabela city voted against inclusion the commission on elections proclaimed that the bol was deemed ratified on january 25 2019 54 55 the provincial government of sulu where majority voted against inclusion was also not in favor of the law with its governor challenging the constitutionality of the law before the supreme court despite voting against inclusion sulu was still included in the bangsamoro region due to rules stated in the bol sparking outrage from residents 56 57 in february 2019 the second round of the plebiscite was held in the province of lanao del norte and some towns in cotabato the plebiscite resulted in the inclusion of 63 of 67 barangays in cotabato that participated it also resulted in the rejection from the province of lanao del norte against the bid of six of its muslim majority towns to join the bangsamoro despite the six towns balo i munai nunungan pantar tagoloan and tangcal opting to join the bangsamoro by a sheer majority with one town even voting for inclusion by 100 a major camp of the milf was within the muslim areas of lanao del norte 58 59 transition process edit main article bangsamoro transition period president rodrigo duterte sounds the agung during the inauguration of bangsamoro he is joined by chief minister murad ebrahim with the ratification of the bol following the plebiscite on january 21 2019 the abolition process of the armm began paving way for the setting up of the bangsamoro autonomous region under the bol a transitional body the bangsamoro transition authority bta was organized pending the election of the new region s government officials in 2022 the second part of the plebiscite held on february 6 2019 expanded the scope of the future bangsamoro region to include 63 barangays in cotabato 60 the members of the bta took their oaths on february 22 2019 along with the ceremonial confirmation of the plebiscite results of both the january 21 and february 6 2019 votes the official turnover from the armm to barmm took place on february 26 2019 which meant the full abolition of the former 61 62 the inauguration of barmm and the inaugural session of the bangsamoro parliament took place on march 29 2019 63 murad ebrahim took office as the region s first chief minister 64 in 2020 the bangsamoro parliament requested that the bta be extended for an additional three years past 2022 to allow further time for the transition 65 on october 28 2021 duterte signed republic act no 11593 postponing barmm s first regular parliamentary elections from 2022 to 2025 the law also extended the transition period of the bangsamoro until 2025 66 following a plebiscite on september 17 2022 maguindanao was split into two provinces maguindanao del sur and maguindanao del norte 67 on september 9 2024 the supreme court ruled against the constitutionality of the inclusion of sulu in barmm due to the simple majority of residents voting against the province s inclusion in the region during the 2019 bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite 68 the status of which administrative region sulu belongs to is unclear although the commission on elections en banc had the consensus that sulu should revert to the zamboanga peninsula the region it belonged to prior its inclusion in the armm back in 1989 69 70 71 sulu was formally reverted to zamboanga peninsula by the virtue of executive order no 91 signed by president bongbong marcos on july 30 2025 72 administrative divisions edit provinces edit bangsamoro consists of 5 provinces 3 component cities 105 municipalities and 2 135 barangays the city of isabela despite being part of basilan is not under the administrative jurisdiction of the autonomous region likewise 63 barangays in cotabato also are part of bangsamoro as the special geographic area sga despite cotabato and their respective parent municipalities not being under the administrative jurisdiction of the autonomous region 73 the barangays were reconstituted into eight municipalities following a plebiscite on april 13 2024 74 additionally sulu province was de facto part of bangsamoro from 2019 to 2024 administrative divisions of bangsamoro regional center province capital population 2020 a area 75 density cities muni bgy km 2 sq mi km 2 sq mi basilan lamitan 10 8 426 207 1 103 50 426 06 390 1 000 1 11 165 lanao del sur marawi 30 3 1 195 518 3 872 89 1 495 33 310 800 1 39 1 159 maguindanao del norte datu odin sinsuat 23 9 943 500 3 988 82 1 540 09 240 620 1 12 258 maguindanao del sur buluan 18 8 741 221 4 973 48 1 920 27 150 390 0 24 287 tawi tawi bongao 11 2 440 276 1 087 40 419 85 400 1 000 0 11 203 special geographic area 5 5 215 433 824 31 318 27 260 670 0 8 63 total 3 944 692 11 935 7 4 608 40 330 850 3 105 2 135 figures for basilan exclude the component city of isabela which is under the administration of region ix figures for maguindanao del norte include the independent component city of cotabato 63 barangays of cotabato province are part of the region a the philippine statistics authority psa used the scope of the former autonomous region in muslim mindanao as its geographic reference for the 2020 census when it was released on july 7 2021 cotabato city and the special geographic area were then not included its population count for bangsamoro statistics for said localities were included in the psa s count for soccsksargen 8 9 on november 9 2021 as per psa board resolution no 13 series of 2021 cotabato city and the special geographic area were included in its population count for bangsamoro and removed from soccsksargen 10 11 governors and vice governors edit province governor political party vice governor basilan mujiv s hataman bup hadjiman s hataman salliman lanao del sur mamintal adiong lakas mohammad khalid adiong maguindanao del norte tucao o mastura pfp datu marshall i sinsuat maguindanao del sur ali m midtimbang pfp hisham s nando tawi tawi yshmael sali pfp al syed abdulla sali demographics edit marawi grand mosque as per the organic law the people who at the advent of the spanish colonization were considered natives or original inhabitants of mindanao and the sulu archipelago and its adjacent islands shall have the right to identify themselves their spouses and descendants as part of the bangsamoro people 76 the moro people are an umbrella term for ethnic groups who are mainly muslim the maranaos and iranun form a large portion of the region s population the maguindanaons are the primary population in the bangsamoro s special geographic area in the soccsksargen region province of cotabato the tausūg yakan and sama peoples are the main groups in the sulu archipelago 77 there are two other main minority groups which lives in the region among the moros the lumad and the settler communities there are five main groups under the lumads the largest of which are the teduray 76 the settlers are primarily christian which includes various ethnic groups such as the tagalog the ilocanos the visayans the zamboangueños and the chinese 76 78 population census of bangsamoro year pop p a 1918 308 024 1939 517 695 2 50 1948 677 520 3 03 1960 1 167 928 4 64 1970 1 466 414 2 30 1975 1 484 424 0 25 1980 1 648 272 2 12 1990 2 234 781 3 09 1995 2 509 079 2 19 2000 2 966 894 3 66 2007 4 379 948 5 52 2010 3 527 926 7 57 2015 4 080 825 2 81 2020 4 944 800 4 12 2024 5 691 583 3 43 source philippine statistics authority 79 80 81 82 83 10 languages edit the moro and lumad speak their native languages non native languages spoken are ilocano chabacano hiligaynon cebuano and tagalog of which the latter two serve as lingua francas this is the case for cebuano because of the mass arrival of cebuano settlers to mindanao tausug are at ease in speaking cebuano because both tausug and cebuano are visayan languages chabacano may be the lingua franca of the natives in sulu archipelago along with tagalog but it is the main lingua franca in basilan many locals and barter traders in sulu archipelago can also speak sabah malay see malay language in the philippines government edit main article bangsamoro transition authority between the ratification of the bol and the inauguration of its first permanent government in 2026 the bta will head the region after the ratification of the bol the bangsamoro transition commission btc began to transition the armm into the barmm organizational structure edit chief minister murad ebrahim based on the organic law the autonomous bangsamoro government system is parliamentary democratic similar to that practiced in the united kingdom a westminster system which is based on a political party system 84 ceremonial edit the ceremonial head of the region is the wa lī the bangsamoro parliament selects and appoints the wa lī the wa lī has ceremonial functions and powers such as moral guardianship of the territory and convocation and dissolution of the legislature 85 executive edit the regional government is headed by a chief minister murad ebrahim is the current chief minister who was appointed by the former philippine president rodrigo duterte on an interim basis the interim chief minister is also the head of the bta which also serves the function of serving as the transitional bangsamoro parliament once the first regular session of the bangsamoro parliament is organized come 2026 the chief minister will be elected by the members of the bangsamoro parliament from the majority party or coalition holding the most seats won the chief minister of the bangsamoro is the chief executive of the regional government and is assisted by a cabinet having a minimum of 10 ministers and two deputy chief ministers the holder of this position appoints the members of the cabinet subject to confirmation by parliament the chief minister has control of all the regional executive commissions agencies boards bureaus and offices cabinet the bangsamoro cabinet is composed of two deputy chief ministers and ministers all appointed among members of the parliament the deputy chief ministers are selected through nomination of the chief minister and are elected by the members of the parliament the ministers in the cabinet on their part are appointed by the chief minister 86 council of leaders the council of leaders advises the chief minister on matters of governance of the autonomous region it is roughly an equivalent of an unelected senate though only advisory without legislative powers and not pa...