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battle of cravant wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 background 2 allied preparations 3 armies toggle armies subsection 3 1 allies 3 2 french 4 battle 5 aftermath 6 references 7 sources toggle the table of contents battle of cravant 12 languages български deutsch español français հայերեն italiano 日本語 português română русский українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide coordinates 47 41 02 n 3 41 30 e 47 6839 n 3 6917 e 47 6839 3 6917 from wikipedia the free encyclopedia 1423 battle of the hundred years war battle of cravant part of the hundred years war date 31 july 1423 location near cravant burgundy result anglo burgundian victory belligerents kingdom of england burgundian state kingdom of france kingdom of scotland commanders and leaders earl of salisbury robert willoughby john stewart earl of buchan pow louis count of vendôme pow strength 4 000 2 000 english 2 000 burgundians 8 000 4 000 french 4 000 scots casualties and losses unknown 3 200 5 000 1 200 3 000 killed 2 000 captured v t e hundred years war edwardian phase second war of scottish independence war of the breton succession castilian civil war war of the two peters caroline phase 1383 1385 crisis glyndŵr rebellion armagnac burgundian conflict lancastrian phase v t e hundred years war lancastrian phase 1415 1453 1415 1420 harfleur agincourt valmont seine 1st caen rouen 2nd la rochelle 1421 1428 baugé meaux cravant la brossinière verneuil st james montargis 1428 1430 orléans herrings loire jargeau meung sur loire beaugency patay reims paris saint pierre le moûtier la charité compiègne 1435 1444 gerberoy st denis paris calais creil pontoise tartas dieppe normandy campaign of 1449 1450 formigny 2nd caen falaise cherbourg gascon campaign of 1450 1453 blanquefort 1st bordeaux martignas castillon 2nd bordeaux v t e anglo scottish wars duns melrose 1385 otterburn 1400 fulhope law nesbit moor homildon hill yeavering baugé cravant verneuil orléans herrings meung sur loire beaugency patay piperdean sark roxburgh berwick flodden field hornshole haddon rig solway moss edinburgh ancrum moor pinkie inchkeith drumlanrig haddington broughty castle leith redeswire the battle of cravant was fought on 31 july 1423 during the hundred years war between english and french forces at the village of cravant in burgundy at a bridge and ford on the banks of the river yonne a left bank tributary of the seine southeast of auxerre the battle ended in a victory for the english and their burgundian allies background edit after the treaty of troyes in 1420 the english king was permitted to occupy all the country north of the loire in 1422 with henry v suddenly dead and an infant king henry vi of england assuming the throne hostilities resumed 1 in the early summer of 1423 the french dauphin charles assembled an army at bourges intending to invade burgundian territory this french army contained a large number of scots under john stewart earl of buchan who was commanding the entire mixed force as well as spanish and lombard mercenaries this army besieged the town of cravant the garrison of cravant requested help from the dowager duchess of burgundy who raised troops and in turn sought support from burgundy s english allies which was forthcoming the two allied armies one english one burgundian rendezvoused at auxerre on 29 july 2 allied preparations edit the allied commanders held a council of war in auxerre cathedral on the evening of 29 july this led to the drafting of an order of battle covering a mixture of tactical and disciplinary matters the army was clearly intending to fight a dismounted action with horses taken to the rear and archers were to prepare anti cavalry stakes that night the army was ordered to pray for victory the march was to begin at 10 o clock the following morning 3 armies edit allies edit the combined english and burgundian forces were led by jean de toulongeon thomas montacute 4th earl of salisbury with lord willoughby as second in command the anglo burgundian army mustered about 4 000 men 2 000 burgundians and 2 000 english including 1 500 men at arms 500 english and 1 000 burgundian 1 500 english archers some burgundian crossbowmen and pioneers and 40 veuglaires light artillery manned by the citizens of auxerre 4 french edit the french army was commanded by sir john stewart of darnley with louis count of vendôme as second in command 5 there were about 4 000 scots 6 a sizeable french force was present with smaller forces of aragonese and lombard mercenaries 7 the dauphinist army was larger than the anglo burgundian force perhaps by two to three times 8 battle edit this section needs more citations please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed july 2022 learn how and when to remove this message the allied army marched throughout 30 july and that evening 6 kilometres 4 mi short of cravant sighted the enemy the following day having assessed the enemy position as too strong they crossed the river yonne and attempted to reach cravant by another route approaching the town from across the river the allies saw that the french army had changed position and was now waiting for them on the other bank 9 for three hours the forces watched each other neither willing to attempt an opposed river crossing eventually the scots archers began shooting into the allied ranks the allied artillery replied supported by their own archers and crossbowmen citation needed seeing the dauphinists were suffering casualties and becoming disordered salisbury took the initiative and his army began to cross the waist high river some 50 metres wide under a covering barrage of arrows from the english archers meanwhile another force under willoughby attacked the scots across the narrow bridge and divided the dauphin s army the french began to withdraw but the scots refused to flee and fought on to be cut down by the hundreds perhaps 1 200 3 000 of them fell at the bridgehead or along the riverbanks and over 2 000 prisoners were taken including darnley who also lost an eye and the comte de vendôme while the anglo burgundians were fighting the burgundian knights in cravant came out from the fortress following the lord of chastellux and launched a devastating cavalry charge against the dauphinist forces which completely broke their lines being crushed from two sides the dauphinist army fled the battlefield citation needed the dauphin s forces retreated to the loire on 2 august the english and burgundian armies withdrew separately from cravant the burgundians marching to dijon the english to montaiguillon 6 10 11 12 aftermath edit the success at cravant was the first for a joint english and burgundian army despite this success the allies would rarely fight together again usually operating separately from one another 13 the dauphinists would suffer an even greater defeat the following year at the battle of verneuil references edit burne 1991 p 184 burne 1991 pp 184 186 smith and devries 2005 pp 91 92 smith and devries 2005 p 92 grummitt 2015 p 68 1 2 myers 1996 p 231 burne 1991 p 184 burne 1991 p 185 burne 1991 p 188 smith devries 2005 p 92 burne 1991 pp 189 192 wagner 2006 p 105 smith devries 2005 p 93 sources edit burne a h 1991 1956 the agincourt war london greenhill books p 81 isbn 1853670871 grummitt david 2015 henry vi routledge isbn missing myers a r ed 1996 english historical documents volume 4 1327 1485 london routledge isbn 978 0415143691 smith robert kelly devries 2005 the artillery of the dukes of burgundy 1363 1477 woodbridge suffolk boydell brewer pp 150 151 isbn 1843831627 wagner john a 2006 encyclopedia of the hundred years war greenwood publishing group isbn 978 0313327360 47 41 02 n 3 41 30 e 47 6839 n 3 6917 e 47 6839 3 6917 v t e hundred years war phases general second war of scottish independence edwardian phase war of the breton succession war of the two peters castilian civil war caroline phase despenser s crusade 1383 1385 crisis lancastrian phase armagnac burgundian conflict leaders english edward iii edward the black prince john of gaunt henry v john of lancaster duke of bedford john talbot 1st earl of shrewsbury richard of york 3rd duke of york william de la pole 1st duke of suffolk french philip vi john ii charles v charles vi charles vii joan of arc major events general battles chevauchées jacquerie battles battle of saint omer battle of crécy battle of poitiers battle of agincourt battle of baugé battle of cravant battle of la brossinière battle of verneuil battle of the herrings battle of jargeau battle of patay battle of formigny battle of castillon authority control databases national czech republic retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title battle_of_cravant oldid 1370437787 categories 1423 in england 1420s in france 1423 conflicts battles of the hundred years war military history of bourgogne franche comté history of yonne battles involving the kingdom of scotland history of burgundy 15th century military history of scotland hundred years war 1415 1453 hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles needing additional references from july 2022 all articles needing additional references all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from july 2022 pages with missing isbns pages using gadget wikiminiatlas coordinates on wikidata use dmy dates from june 2017 this page was last edited on 21 august 2026 at 03 19 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents battle of cravant 12 languages add topic