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nonvenereal endemic syphilis wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 signs and symptoms 2 causes 3 diagnosis 4 epidemiology 5 see also 6 references 7 external links toggle the table of contents nonvenereal endemic syphilis 12 languages العربية deutsch español فارسی français italiano nederlands polski português русский українська oʻzbekcha ўзбекча edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia redirected from bejel not to be confused with syphilis medical condition nonvenereal endemic syphilis other names nonvenereal syphilis endemic syphilis bejel disfiguring infiltration of the nose glabella and forehead with clustered nodules in left interciliary region of boy with endemic syphilis iran 2010 pronunciation ˈ b ɛ dʒ əl specialty infectious disease bejel or endemic syphilis is a chronic skin and tissue disease caused by infection by the endemicum subspecies of the spirochete treponema pallidum bejel is one of the endemic treponematoses endemic infections caused by spiral shaped bacteria called treponemes a group that also includes yaws and pinta typically endemic trepanematoses begin with localized lesions on the skin or mucous membranes pinta is limited to affecting the skin whereas bejel and yaws are considered to be invasive because they can also cause disease in bone and other internal tissues 1 signs and symptoms edit bejel usually begins in childhood as a small patch on the mucosa often on the interior of the mouth followed by the appearance of raised eroding lesions on the limbs and trunk periostitis inflammation of the leg bones is commonly seen and gummas of the nose and soft palate develop in later stages 2 causes edit although the organism that causes bejel treponema pallidum endemicum 3 is morphologically and serologically indistinguishable from treponema pallidum pallidum which causes venereal syphilis transmission of bejel is not venereal 4 however recent epidemiological evidence suggests that treponema pallidum endemicum may also cause venereal syphilis 5 diagnosis edit the diagnosis of bejel is based on the geographic history of the patient as well as laboratory testing of material from the lesions dark field microscopy the responsible spirochaete is readily identifiable on sight in a microscope as a treponema 2 epidemiology edit bejel has been known to be endemic in the sahel region spanning from mauritania and senegal to sudan the other african countries of côte d ivoire benin and somalia the kalahari desert spanning from namibia to zimbabwe west asia spanning from syria to pakistan and the arabian peninsula countries of kuwait saudi arabia the united arab emirates and oman 6 it is unclear if it remains endemic in these countries but a recent study suggested that the causative bacteria circulates outside of this range as venereal syphilis 5 see also edit pinta disease syphilis yaws references edit mitjà o šmajs d bassat q 2013 advances in the diagnosis of endemic treponematoses yaws bejel and pinta plos neglected tropical diseases 7 10 e2283 doi 10 1371 journal pntd 0002283 pmc 3812090 pmid 24205410 1 2 marks m solomon aw mabey dc october 2014 endemic treponemal diseases transactions of the royal society of tropical medicine and hygiene 108 10 601 7 doi 10 1093 trstmh tru128 pmc 4162659 pmid 25157125 antal gm lukehart sa meheus az january 2002 the endemic treponematoses microbes and infection 4 1 83 94 doi 10 1016 s1286 4579 01 01513 1 pmid 11825779 pace jl csonka gw october 1984 endemic non venereal syphilis bejel in saudi arabia the british journal of venereal diseases 60 5 293 7 doi 10 1136 sti 60 5 293 pmc 1046341 pmid 6487985 1 2 deresinski stan 2022 03 09 bejel sometimes a venereal nonvenereal treponematosis and in places you might not expect clinical infectious diseases 74 5 i ii doi 10 1093 cid ciac091 retrieved 2024 06 10 status of bejel endemicity www who int retrieved 2024 06 10 external links edit classification d icd 10 a65 icd 9 cm 104 mesh d014211 diseasesdb 30090 v t e bacterial diseases due to gram negative non proteobacteria bv4 spirochaetota spirochaetaceae treponema treponema pallidum syphilis bejel yaws treponema carateum pinta treponema denticola borrelia borrelia burgdorferi borrelia afzelii lyme disease erythema migrans neuroborreliosis borrelia recurrentis louse borne relapsing fever borrelia hermsii borrelia duttoni borrelia parkeri tick borne relapsing fever leptospiraceae leptospira leptospira interrogans leptospirosis chlamydiota chlamydia chlamydia psittaci psittacosis chlamydia pneumoniae chlamydia trachomatis chlamydia lymphogranuloma venereum trachoma bacteroidota bacteroides fragilis tannerella forsythia capnocytophaga canimorsus porphyromonas gingivalis prevotella intermedia fusobacteriota fusobacterium necrophorum lemierre s syndrome fusobacterium nucleatum fusobacterium polymorphum streptobacillus moniliformis rat bite fever haverhill fever v t e bacterial skin disease gram ve bacillota staphylococcus staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome impetigo toxic shock syndrome streptococcus impetigo cutaneous group b streptococcal infection streptococcal intertrigo cutaneous streptococcus iniae infection erysipelas chronic recurrent erysipelas scarlet fever corynebacterium erythrasma clostridium gas gangrene dermatitis gangrenosa others listeriosis erysipeloid of rosenbach mycoplasma actinomycetota mycobacterium related aquarium granuloma borderline lepromatous leprosy borderline leprosy borderline tuberculoid leprosy buruli ulcer erythema induratum histoid leprosy lepromatous leprosy leprosy lichen scrofulosorum lupus vulgaris miliary tuberculosis mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex infection mycobacterium haemophilum infection mycobacterium kansasii infection papulonecrotic tuberculid primary inoculation tuberculosis rapid growing mycobacterium infection scrofuloderma tuberculosis cutis orificialis tuberculosis verrucosa cutis tuberculous cellulitis tuberculous gumma tuberculoid leprosy others cutaneous actinomycosis nocardiosis cutaneous diphtheria infection arcanobacterium haemolyticum infection group jk corynebacterium sepsis gram ve pseudomonadota alpha endemic typhus epidemic typhus scrub typhus north asian tick typhus queensland tick typhus flying squirrel typhus trench fever bacillary angiomatosis african tick bite fever american tick bite fever rickettsia aeschlimannii infection rickettsialpox rocky mountain spotted fever human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis flea borne spotted fever japanese spotted fever mediterranean spotted fever flinders island spotted fever verruga peruana brill zinsser disease brucellosis cat scratch disease oroya fever ehrlichiosis ewingii infection beta gonococcemia gonorrhea primary gonococcal dermatitis melioidosis cutaneous pasteurella hemolytica infection meningococcemia glanders chromobacteriosis infection gamma pasteurellosis tularemia vibrio vulnificus rhinoscleroma haemophilus influenzae cellulitis pseudomonal pyoderma pseudomonas hot foot syndrome hot tub folliculitis ecthyma gangrenosum green nail syndrome q fever salmonellosis shigellosis plague granuloma inguinale chancroid aeromonas infection campylobacterota helicobacter cellulitis other syphilid syphilis chancre yaws pinta bejel chlamydia infection leptospirosis rat bite fever lyme disease lymphogranuloma venereum gram negative folliculitis gram negative toe web infection unspecified pathogen abscess periapical abscess boil furuncle hospital furunculosis carbuncle cellulitis paronychia pyogenic paronychia perianal cellulitis acute lymphadenitis pilonidal cyst pyoderma folliculitis superficial pustular folliculitis sycosis vulgaris pimple ecthyma pitted keratolysis trichomycosis axillaris necrotizing fasciitis gangrene chronic undermining burrowing ulcer fournier gangrene elephantiasis nostras blistering distal dactylitis botryomycosis malakoplakia pyomyositis blastomycosis like pyoderma bullous impetigo chronic lymphangitis recurrent toxin mediated perineal erythema tick borne lymphadenopathy tropical ulcer retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title nonvenereal_endemic_syphilis oldid 1314028291 categories bacterium related cutaneous conditions syphilis infectious diseases tropical diseases hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata this page was last edited on 29 september 2025 at 09 39 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents nonvenereal endemic syphilis 12 languages add topic