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britannia prima wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in britannia prima 14 languages বাংলা brezhoneg cymraeg deutsch ελληνικά español suomi français interlingua bahasa indonesia italiano português türkçe 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia roman province britannia prima provincia de britannia prima latin roman province of roman empire c ad 296 395 western roman empire c ad 395 410 c ad 296 ad 410 another possible arrangement of the late roman provinces with prima in wales and cornwall capital corinium dobunnorum modern day cirencester historical era late antiquity establishment c ad 296 dissolution c ad 410 preceded by succeeded by britannia superior sub roman britain today part of united kingdom roman britain around ad 410 without speculative provincial borders britannia prima or britannia i latin for first britain was one of the provinces of the diocese of the britains created during the diocletian reforms at the end of the 3rd century 1 it was probably created after the defeat of the usurper allectus by constantius chlorus in ad 296 and was mentioned in the c 312 verona list of the roman provinces its position and capital remain uncertain although it was probably located closer to rome than britannia ii at present most scholars place britannia i in wales cornwall and the lands connecting them on the basis of a recovered inscription its capital is now usually placed at corinium of the dobunni cirencester but some emendations of the list of bishops attending the 315 council of arles would place a provincial capital in isca caerleon or deva chester which were known legionary bases the traditional arrangement of the late roman provinces after camden 2 placing prima along england s southern coast on the basis of modern archaeology the province at least reached as far north as corinium history edit following the roman conquest of britain it was administered as a single province from camulodunum colchester and then londinium london until the severan reforms following the revolt of its governor clodius albinus these divided the territory into upper and lower britain britannia superior and inferior whose respective capitals were at londinium and eboracum york during the first phases of the diocletian reforms britain was under the control of allectus britannic empire as part of the carausian revolt at some point after the territory was retaken by constantius chlorus in ad 296 the diocese of the britains with its vicar at londinium was established and made a part of the prefecture of gaul the britains were then divided among three four or five provinces a which seem to have borne the names prima secunda maxima caesariensis and possibly flavia caesariensis and valentia b 4 5 the placement and capitals of these late british provinces are uncertain although the late 4th century list of offices describes the governor of prima as being equestrian rank praeses making the province unlikely to have been based in londinium why describing the metropolitan sees of the early british church established by ss fagan and duvian gerald of wales placed britannia prima in wales and western britain 6 7 explaining its name by reference to the legendary brutus s first settlements 6 modern scholars disregard this gloss but generally agree in placing britannia prima in wales cornwall cornubia and the area connecting them 8 william camden placed prima to the south closest to rome 2 and this was generally accepted after the appearance of charles bertram s highly influential 1740s forgery the description of britain which gave prima borders south of the thames and the bristol channel 9 his work was however debunked over the course of the mid 19th century inscription of lucius septimius owing to an inscription discovered at corinium of the dobunni cirencester which refers to a rector of britannia prima named lucius septimius corinium is generally accounted as the provincial capital the list of bishops who attended the 314 council of arles is patently corrupt c but generally assumed to have mimicked the roman administration camden proposed that prima was based at london and secunda at caerleon and these were the two bishops apart from york 2 bishop stillingfleet 12 and thackery further proposed that scribal error had produced the bishop de colonia londinensium from london colony from original notes understood as civ col londin when civ col leg ii caerleon was intended 11 others place the bishop variously in lincoln chester and colchester 11 legions edit the second augustan and twentieth valerian legions may have still been based at isca augusta caerleon and deva victrix chester although this is unclear valentia edit main valentia ammianus records that in the year 369 count theodosius the elder established or refounded the province of valentia further attested in the list of offices from lands recaptured from the enemy 13 its location is a matter of scholarly debate but some place it in northwestern wales with its capital at deva chester if so it was probably intended to counter the extensive irish piracy and raiding occurring in late antiquity notes edit polemius silvius 5th century nomina omnium provinciarum gives six provinces but roman administration over the orcades orkney islands is generally discounted some modern scholars such as birley however believe maxima and flavia were originally a single province caesariensis which was later divided this comports with camden 2 and some texts of sextus rufus although they make the original province britannia maxima valentia is generally treated as a later formation and placed variously beyond the wall around the wall and in wales it may however have simply been another name for the british diocese as a whole 3 nomina episcoporum cum clericis suis quinam et ex quibus provinciis ad arelatensem synodum convenerint the names of the bishops with their clerics who came together at the synod of arles and from which province they came from the consilia 10 in thackery 11 in latin references edit frere sheppard 1967 britannia a history of roman britain cambridge harvard university press pp 198 199 1 2 3 4 camden william 1610 original text published 1586 the division of britaine britain or a chorographicall description of the most flourishing kingdomes england scotland and ireland translated by philemon holland dornier ann 1982 the province of valentia britannia 13 253 260 doi 10 2307 526498 jstor 526498 s2cid 162652243 notitia dignitatum verona list 1 2 giraldus cambriensis gerald of wales de inuectionibus on invectives vol ii ch i in y cymmrodor the magazine of the honourable society of cymmrodorion vol xxx pp 130 1 george simpson co devizes 1920 in latin gerald of wales translated by w s davies as the book of invectives of giraldus cambrensis in y cymmrodor the magazine of the honourable society of cymmrodorion vol xxx p 16 george simpson co devizes 1920 creighton john 2006 britannia the creation of a roman province london routledge hughes william the geography of british history a geographical description of the british islands at successive periods from the earliest times to the present day with a sketch of the commencement of colonisation on the part of the english nation p 87 longman green longman roberts green london 1863 labbé philippe gabriel cossart eds sacrosancta concilia ad regiam editionem exacta quae nunc quarta parte prodit actior the sancrosanct councils exacted for the royal edition which the editors now produce in four parts vol i ab initiis æræ christianæ ad annum cccxxiv from the beginning of the christian era to the year 324 col 1429 the typographical society for ecclesiastical books paris 1671 1 2 3 thackery francis researches into the ecclesiastical and political state of ancient britain under the roman emperors with observations upon the principal events and characters connected with the christian religion during the first five centuries pp 272 ff t cadell london 1843 stillingfleet edward origines britannicæ or the antiquities of the british churches with a preface concerning some pretended antiquities relating to britain in vindication of the bishop of st asaph new ed pp 77 ff wm straker london 1840 ammianus xxviii iii v t e provinces of roman britain ad 43 c 197 britannia camulodunum colchester londinium london c 197 c 296 britannia superior londinium london britannia inferior eboracum york c 296 c 410 britannia i corinium dobunnorum cirencester britannia ii eboracum york flavia caesariensis lindum colonia lincoln maxima caesariensis londinium london c 369 c 410 valentia luguvalium carlisle deva victrix chester habitancum risingham apocryphal provinces vespasiana orcades placenames in brackets are present day names question marks denote uncertain associations v t e late roman and early byzantine provinces 4th 7th centuries ad history as found in the notitia dignitatum provincial administration reformed and dioceses established by diocletian c 293 permanent praetorian prefectures established after the death of constantine i empire permanently partitioned after 395 exarchates of ravenna and africa established after 584 after massive territorial losses in the 7th century the remaining provinces were superseded by the theme system in c 640 660 although in asia minor and parts of greece they survived under the themes until the early 9th century western roman empire 395 476 praetorian prefecture of gaul diocese of gaul alpes poeninae et graiae belgica i belgica ii germania i germania ii lugdunensis i lugdunensis ii lugdunensis iii lugdunensis iv maxima sequanorum diocese of vienne 1 alpes maritimae aquitanica i aquitanica ii narbonensis i narbonensis ii novempopulania viennensis diocese of spain baetica balearica carthaginensis gallaecia lusitania mauretania tingitana tarraconensis diocese of the britains britannia i britannia ii flavia caesariensis maxima caesariensis valentia praetorian prefecture of italy diocese of suburbicarian italy apulia et calabria campania corsica lucania et bruttium picenum suburbicarium samnium sardinia sicilia tuscia et umbria valeria diocese of annonarian italy alpes cottiae flaminia et picenum annonarium liguria et aemilia raetia i raetia ii venetia et histria diocese of africa 2 africa proconsularis zeugitana byzacena mauretania caesariensis mauretania sitifensis numidia divided as cirtensis and militiana during the tetrarchy tripolitania roman province eastern roman empire 395 c 640 praetorian prefecture of illyricum diocese of pannonia 3 dalmatia noricum mediterraneum noricum ripense pannonia i pannonia ii savia valeria ripensis diocese of dacia dacia mediterranea dacia ripensis dardania moesia i praevalitana diocese of macedonia achaea creta epirus nova epirus vetus macedonia prima macedonia ii salutaris thessalia praetorian prefecture of the east diocese of thrace 5 europa haemimontus moesia ii 4 rhodope scythia 4 thracia diocese of asia 5 asia caria 4 hellespontus islands 4 lycaonia 370 lycia lydia pamphylia pisidia phrygia pacatiana phrygia salutaris diocese of pontus 5 armenia i 5 armenia ii 5 armenia maior 5 armenian satrapies 5 armenia iii 536 armenia iv 536 bithynia cappadocia i 5 cappadocia ii 5 galatia i 5 galatia ii salutaris 5 helenopontus 5 honorias 5 paphlagonia 5 pontus polemoniacus 5 diocese of the east 5 arabia cilicia i cilicia ii cyprus 4 euphratensis isauria mesopotamia osroene palaestina prima secunda salutaris phoenice i phoenice ii libanensis syria i syria ii salutaris theodorias 528 diocese of egypt 5 aegyptus i aegyptus ii arcadia augustamnica i augustamnica ii libya superior libya inferior thebais superior thebais inferior other territories taurica quaestura exercitus 536 spania 552 1 later the septem provinciae 2 re established after reconquest by the eastern empire in 534 as the separate prefecture of africa 3 later the diocese of illyricum 4 placed under the quaestura exercitus in 536 5 affected i e boundaries modified abolished or renamed by justinian i s administrative reorganization in 534 536 retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title britannia_prima oldid 1378581758 categories 410 disestablishments late roman provinces states and territories established in the 3rd century states and territories established in the 4th century roman britain hidden categories 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