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buchnera aphidicola wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 genome 2 buchnera and plant viruses 3 history 4 references 5 external links toggle the table of contents buchnera aphidicola 10 languages العربية مصرى čeština deutsch español français galego 日本語 português українська edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikispecies wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia not to be confused with buchnera plant species of bacterium this article needs more citations please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed find sources buchnera aphidicola news newspapers books scholar jstor march 2012 learn how and when to remove this message buchnera aphidicola buchnera aphidicola in a host cell scientific classification domain bacteria kingdom pseudomonadati phylum pseudomonadota class gammaproteobacteria order enterobacterales family erwiniaceae genus buchnera munson et al 1991 species b aphidicola binomial name buchnera aphidicola munson et al 1991 1 buchnera aphidicola a member of the pseudomonadota and the only species in the genus buchnera is the primary endosymbiont of aphids and has been studied in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum 2 buchnera is believed to have had a free living gram negative ancestor similar to a modern enterobacterales such as escherichia coli buchnera is 3 μm in diameter and has some of the key characteristics of its enterobacterales relatives such as a gram negative cell wall however unlike most other gram negative bacteria buchnera lacks the genes to produce lipopolysaccharides for its outer membrane the long association with aphids and the limitation of crossover events due to strictly vertical transmission has seen the deletion of genes required for anaerobic respiration the synthesis of amino sugars fatty acids phospholipids and complex carbohydrates 3 this has resulted not only in one of the smallest known genomes of any living organism but also one of the most genetically stable 3 the symbiotic relationship with aphids began between 160 million and 280 million years ago 4 and has persisted through maternal transmission and cospeciation aphids have developed a bilobed bacteriome containing sixty to eighty bacteriocyte cells in which the life cycle of buchnera associated with aphids is confined to 5 a mature aphid may carry an estimated 5 6 million buchnera cells buchnera has lost regulatory factors allowing continuous overproduction of tryptophan and other amino acids each bacteriocyte contains multiple vesicles symbiosomes derived from the cell membrane genome edit the sizes of various buchnera genomes are in the range of 600 to 650 kb and encode on the order of 500 to 560 proteins many contain also one or two plasmids 2 3 to 11 kb in size 6 as with many endosymbionts abbot and moran 2002 find buchnera in pemphigus obesinymphae to be undergoing relatively high genetic drift i e relative to all organisms this is evidenced by extremely low gene polymorphism and some nonsynonymous variants 7 buchnera and plant viruses edit buchnera also increases the transmission of plant viruses by producing symbionin a protein that binds to the viral coat and protects it inside the aphid this makes it more likely that the virion will survive and be able to infect another plant when the aphid next feeds 4 history edit buchnera was named after paul buchner by paul baumann and his graduate student and the first molecular characterization of a symbiotic bacterium was carried out by baumann using buchnera the initial studies on buchnera later led to studies on symbionts of many groups of insects pursued by numerous investigators including paul and linda baumann nancy moran serap aksoy and roy gross who together investigated symbionts of aphids tsetse flies ants leafhoppers mealybugs whiteflies psyllids and others references edit buchnera list of prokaryotic names with standing in nomenclature retrieved 28 april 2018 douglas a e january 1998 nutritional interactions in insect microbial symbioses aphids and their symbiotic bacteria buchnera annual review of entomology 43 1 17 37 doi 10 1146 annurev ento 43 1 17 issn 0066 4170 pmid 15012383 1 2 gil rosario sabater muñoz beatriz latorre amparo silva francisco j moya andrés 2002 extreme genome reduction in buchnera spp toward the minimal genome needed for symbiotic life proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america 99 7 4454 4458 doi 10 1073 pnas 062067299 issn 0027 8424 jstor 3058325 pmc 123669 pmid 11904373 1 2 banerjee s hess d majumder p roy d das s 2004 the interactions of allium sativum leaf agglutinin with a chaperonin group of unique receptor protein isolated from a bacterial endosymbiont of the mustard aphid the journal of biological chemistry 279 22 23782 9 doi 10 1074 jbc m401405200 pmid 15028723 baumann paul october 2005 biology of bacteriocyte associated endosymbionts of plant sap sucking insects annual review of microbiology 59 1 155 189 doi 10 1146 annurev micro 59 030804 121041 issn 0066 4227 pmid 16153167 van ham roeland c h j kamerbeek judith palacios carmen rausell carolina abascal federico bastolla ugo fernández jose m jiménez luis postigo marina 2003 01 21 reductive genome evolution in buchnera aphidicola proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america 100 2 581 586 doi 10 1073 pnas 0235981100 issn 0027 8424 pmc 141039 pmid 12522265 kirchberger paul c schmidt marian l ochman howard 2020 09 08 the ingenuity of bacterial genomes annual review of microbiology 74 1 annual reviews 815 834 doi 10 1146 annurev micro 020518 115822 issn 0066 4227 pérez brocal v gil r ramos s lamelas a postigo m michelena j silva f moya a latorre a 2006 a small microbial genome the end of a long symbiotic relationship science 314 5797 312 3 doi 10 1126 science 1130441 pmid 17038625 s2cid 40081627 douglas a e 1998 nutritional interactions in insect microbial symbioses aphids and their symbiotic bacteria buchnera annual review of entomology 43 17 38 doi 10 1146 annurev ento 43 1 17 issn 0066 4170 pmid 15012383 external links edit buchnera genome projects from genomes online database comparative analysis of buchnera genomes at doe s img system taxon identifiers buchnera aphidicola wikidata q383453 wikispecies buchnera aphidicola col 5wsjk eol 972739 gbif old 5427599 inaturalist 517615 irmng 10571769 itis 960164 lpsn buchnera aphidicola ncbi 9 open tree of life 15812 seqcode registry 4287 buchnera wikidata q18606581 wikispecies buchnera enterobacteriaceae col 3dsq gbif old 3221838 inaturalist 778773 irmng 1371112 itis 956864 lpsn buchnera ncbi 32199 open tree of life 888130 worms 571033 retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title buchnera_aphidicola oldid 1368657749 categories aphids enterobacterales gram negative bacteria monotypic bacteria genera bacteria described in 1991 hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata articles needing additional references from march 2012 all articles needing additional references articles with species microformats taxonbars with multiple manual wikidata items this page was last edited on 10 august 2026 at 09 46 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents buchnera aphidicola 10 languages add topic