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buddhacharita wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 in journey to the west 2 english translations 3 other language translations 4 see also 5 references 6 external links toggle the table of contents buddhacharita 23 languages অসমীয়া বাংলা français हिन्दी magyar bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 jawa 한국어 latina മലയാളം मराठी नेपाली नेपाल भाषा norsk bokmål português संस्कृतम् தமிழ் తెలుగు ไทย українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia poem buddha s first sermon india 11th century buddhacharita sanskrit बुद्धचरितम् romanized buddhacaritam transl acts of the buddha is an epic poem in the sanskrit mahakavya style on the life of gautama buddha by aśvaghoṣa of sāketa modern ayodhya composed in the early second century ce 1 the author has prepared an account of the buddha s life and teachings which unlike other treatments such as mahavastu great story and lalitavistara full description of the play of the buddha is not only artistically arranged but also restrained in the description of the miracles of gautam buddha his work also reflects a vast knowledge of indian mythology and pre buddhist philosophy as well as a court poet s interest in love war and statecraft citation needed of the poem s 28 cantos only the first 14 are extant in sanskrit cantos 15 to 28 are in incomplete form but in chinese 5th century and tibetan translations all 28 chapters are preserved in 420 ad dharmakṣema 2 made a chinese translation and in the 7th or 8th century a tibetan version was composed by an unknown author which appears to be much closer to the original sanskrit than the chinese 3 4 in journey to the west edit wu cheng en s 1592 novel journey to the west provides a fictitious explanation for the incomplete nature of the poem during chapter 99 tang sanzang and the others are returning to china from india with 5 080 rolls of scripture the great white turtle aids them in crossing the heaven reaching river but douses them in it after realising that sanzang had failed to speak to the buddha on his behalf the group survive the ordeal and lay out the scripture to dry on some rocks their copy of the buddhacharita is torn when attempting to peel it off to continue their journey leaving the lost part marked on the rock 5 6 sun wukong comments on how now incomplete the poem represents the imperfect nature of heaven and earth after all even heaven and earth are not perfect this sutra may have been perfect but a part of it has been tom off precisely because only in that condition will it correspond to the profound mystery of nonperfection what happened isn t something human power could anticipate or change wu cheng en translated by anthony c yu english translations edit e b cowell trans the buddha carita or the life of the buddha oxford clarendon 1894 reprint new delhi 1977 pdf 14 8 mb samuel beal trans the fo sho hing tsan king oxford 1883 english translation of the chinese version pdf 17 7 mb e h johnston trans the buddhacarita or acts of the buddha lahore 1936 2 vols cantos 1 14 in sanskrit and english reprint delhi motilal barnasidass 1978 e h johnston trans 1937 the buddha s mission and last journey buddhacarita xv to xxviii acta orientalia 15 26 62 85 111 231 292 patrick olivelle trans life of the buddha clay sanskrit library 2008 1 vols cantos 1 14 in sanskrit and english with summary of the chinese cantos not available in the sanskrit willemen charles trans 2009 buddhacarita in praise of buddha s acts berkeley numata center for buddhist translation and research isbn 978 1886439 42 9 other language translations edit iyothee thass tamil buddhist text in the form of long narrative called buddharadhu adhivedham madras 1914 ayyathurai gajendran 2011 foundations of anti caste consciousness pandit iyothee thass tamil buddhism and the marginalized in south india ph d thesis columbia university department of anthropology bhaskar hanumath kompella telugu translation in the form of tika word by word meanings and tatparya substance buddha charitam ajo vibho kandalam publications hyderabad 2018 bhavanath jha buddha charitam restored into sanskrit verses by pt bhavanath jha contains a re translation back into sanskrit of the lost cantos mahavir mandir prakashan 7 see also edit buddhavaṃsa lalitavistara sūtra references edit willemen charles transl 2009 buddhacarita in praise of buddha s acts berkeley numata center for buddhist translation and research p xiii university of oslo thesaurus literaturae buddhicae buddhacarita taisho tripitaka t 192 sa dbaṇ bzaṇ po and blo gros rgyal po saṅs rgyas kyi spyod pa źes bya ba i sñan dṅags chen po tibetan translation of buddhacarita in tg bstan gyur tibetan buddhist canon of secondary literature derge edition skyes rabs ge 1b1 103b2 e b cowell trans the buddha carita or the life of the buddha oxford clarendon 1894 reprint new delhi 1977 p x introduction summary of journey to the west journey to the west library wu cheng en 1592 99 journey to the west the restoration of buddhacharitam mahavirmandirpatna org retrieved 2022 07 01 external links edit multilingual edition of buddhacarita in the bibliotheca polyglotta cowell s edition in roman characters with supplements from johnson s edition same in devanagari characters cowell s text and translation verse by verse cowell s translation only buddhist studies buddhacarita v t e buddhism outline glossary index people beliefs foundations four noble truths three jewels buddha dharma sangha noble eightfold path nirvana middle way key concepts avidyā ignorance bardo bodhicitta buddha nature dhamma theory dharma enlightenment bodhisattva buddhahood pratyekabuddhayāna four stages of awakening sotāpanna sakadagami anāgāmi arhat five hindrances indriya karma kleshas mental factors mindstream parinirvana pratītyasamutpāda rebirth saṃsāra saṅkhāra skandha śūnyatā taṇhā craving tathātā ten fetters three marks of existence anicca dukkha anattā two truths doctrine philosophy abhidharma atomism buddhology buddhism and democracy economics eight consciousnesses engaged buddhism eschatology ethics humanism logic reality secular buddhism socialism the unanswerable questions views on creator evolution sexuality cosmology ten spiritual realms six paths deva realm human realm asura realm hungry ghost realm animal realm naraka nirvana three planes of existence other abhijñā amitābha brahmā dharma talk hinayana iddhi kalpa koliya lineage māra siddhi sacred languages pāḷi sanskrit practices bhavana bodhipakkhiyādhammā brahmavihara mettā karuṇā mudita upekkha buddhābhiṣeka dāna devotion deity yoga dhyāna faith five strengths iddhipada meditation mantras kammaṭṭhāna recollection smarana anapanasati samatha vipassanā vipassana movement shikantaza zazen tukdam koan ganana mandala tonglen tantra tertön terma merit mindfulness mindful yoga satipatthana nekkhamma nianfo pāramitā paritta puja offerings prostration music refuge sādhu satya sacca seven factors of enlightenment sati dhamma vicaya pīti passaddhi śīla five precepts eight precepts bodhisattva vow pratimokṣa threefold training śīla samadhi prajñā vīrya four right exertions twenty two vows of ambedkar yujia yankou shuilu fahui dabei chan yaoshi bao chan monasticism bhikkhu bhikkhunī śrāmaṇera śrāmaṇerī anagārika ajahn sayadaw zen master rōshi lama rinpoche geshe tulku western tulku kappiya donchee householder upāsaka and upāsikā achar śrāvaka ten principal disciples shaolin monastery texts early buddhist texts tripiṭaka mahayana sutras pali canon chinese buddhist canon tibetan buddhist canon dhammapada sutra vinaya madhyamakālaṃkāra abhidharmadīpa branches mahayana zen chinese chan japanese zen korean seon vietnamese thiền pure land tiantai huayan risshū nichiren madhyamaka yogachara vajrayana tibetan buddhism chinese esoteric buddhism shingon dzogchen theravada southern esoteric buddhism navayana early buddhist schools pre sectarian buddhism basic points unifying theravāda and mahāyāna southern eastern and northern buddhism major figures the buddha tathāgata birthday four sights eight great events great renunciation physical characteristics life of buddha in art footprint relics iconography in laos and thailand films miracles family suddhodāna father māyā mother mahapajapati gotamī aunt adoptive mother yaśodharā wife rāhula son ānanda cousin devadatta cousin bodhi tree places where the buddha stayed buddha in world religions disciples kaundinya assaji sāriputta mahamoggallāna ānanda mahākassapa aṅgulimāla anuruddha mahākaccana nanda subhūti puṇṇa mantānīputta upāli mahapajapati gotamī khema uppalavanna asita channa yasa bodhisattvas avalokiteśvara guanyin mañjuśrī mahāsthāmaprāpta ākāśagarbha kṣitigarbha samantabhadra vajrapāṇi skanda tārā metteyya maitreya other kātyāyana anuruddha upāli rāhula ānanda nagasena aśvaghoṣa nagarjuna asanga vasubandhu kumārajīva buddhaghosa buddhapālita dignāga bodhidharma faxian lushan huiyuan sengyou emperor wu of liang tanluan dazu huike sengcan zhiyi daochuo guanding emperor wen of sui songtsen gampo xuanzang shandao huineng fazang śubhakarasiṃha vajrabodhi yi xing shenhui jianzhen amoghavajra mazu daoyi zhanran guifeng zongmi linji yixuan yongming yanshou siming zhili yunqi zhuhong zibo zhenke hanshan deqing youxi chuandeng miyun yuanwu ouyi zhixu yinyuan longqi poshan haiming jixing chewu xuyun yinguang taixu hsuan hua chin kung hsing yun wei chueh sheng yen cheng yen padmasambhava yeshe tsogyal machig labdrön chökyi drönma milarepa marpa lotsawa thang tong gyalpo dolpopa sherab gyaltsen 3rd karmapa rangjung dorje saraha atiśa naropa karmapa jamgon kongtrul kōbō daishi dōhan kakuban dengyō daishi ennin kūya hōnen ippen shōkū shinran dōgen hakuin ekaku bankei yōtaku ikkyū eisai d t suzuki shunryū suzuki nichiren trần nhân tông shamarpa khenchen palden sherab rinpoche penor rinpoche namchö mingyur dorje dalai lama panchen lama samding dorje phagmo ajahn mun b r ambedkar ajahn chah thích nhất hạnh history timeline ashoka kanishka buddhist councils history of buddhism in india decline of buddhism in india huichang persecution of buddhism greco buddhism gandharan buddhism texts menander i buddhism and the roman world buddhism in the west silk road transmission of buddhism persecution of buddhists in afghanistan in vietnam rimé movement banishment of buddhist monks from nepal dalit buddhist movement chinese invasion of tibet 1959 tibetan uprising sinhalese buddhist nationalism buddhist modernism vipassana movement 969 movement engaged buddhism women in buddhism culture architecture temple vihāra kyaung wat ordination hall stupa pagoda burmese pagoda candi dzong architecture list of buddhist architecture in china japanese buddhist architecture buddhist temples in korea thai temple art and architecture tibetan buddhist architecture art greco buddhist budai buddha in art calendar cuisine funeral holidays vesak uposatha māgha pūjā asalha puja vassa jaya sri maha bodhi kasaya mahabodhi temple mantra om mani padme hum mudra music pilgrimage lumbini maya devi temple bodh gaya sarnath kushinagar literature poetry prayer beads hama yumi prayer wheel symbolism dharmachakra flag bhavacakra swastika thangka temple of the tooth vegetarianism world by country or region afghanistan argentina armenia australia austria bangladesh belgium belarus 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