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caipiras wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 origin and etymology 2 stereotypes 3 genetics 4 famous fictional caipiras 5 see also 6 citations 7 general and cited references toggle the table of contents caipiras 11 languages العربية deutsch esperanto español français galego norsk bokmål português русский українська vèneto edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia redirected from caipira ethnic group native to brazil ethnic group caipiras caipira vaqueiros in traditional costumes in são paulo total population c 42 48 million 2022 languages predominantly spoken caipira dialect portuguese historical paulista italo paulista religion predominantly roman catholic related ethnic groups paulistas paulistanos italians jews spaniards portugueses galicians brazilian indigenous and others the caipira people pronounced kaiˈpi ɹa in caipira dialect are an ethnocultural group originally from the state of são paulo 1 2 they are also distributed mainly among the brazilian states of goiás minas gerais mato grosso mato grosso do sul and paraná 3 and historically associated with the colonization of the mountainous regions of rio grande do sul and santa catarina during the colonial period their main mechanism of communication was the paulista general language which was spread to other regions by the bandeirantes 4 today they have their own dialect in which some elements of the paulista and the galician portuguese language have been preserved 5 6 the caipira people and its culture is considered by intellectuals as an evolution of the old paulista society and the bandeirante culture 7 8 the areas where caipira culture was introduced are grouped into a single region known as paulistânia a cultural and geographical concept that began to gain prominence in the 20th century 9 10 among their ancestors are jews who emigrated from spain and portugal during the inquisition 11 constituting a people with a significant presence in são paulo between the 16th and 17th centuries 12 area inhabited by the caipira people red and areas where they are a considerable minority pink over a map of brazil origin and etymology edit the first caipira were the bandeirantes a group of explorers who set out from são paulo exploring the backlands in search of metals and precious stones when they came into contact with the guaianás an indigenous people who inhabited the medio tietê region in the interior of são paulo they received the name caipiras 13 14 which became a synonym for paulista 15 a similar case to that of the gaucho which in brazil became a synonym for rio grandense there are various theories as to the true meaning of caipira the oldest definition was made by baptista caetano d almeida in the 19th century describing it as a combination of the terms cai burnt pira skin which in tupi perhaps describes the tanned or dark skin of the caipira colonizers 16 for luís de câmara cascudo in his book dictionary of brazilian folklore published since 1954 the origin may lie in caá jungle pora inhabitant which means inhabitant of the jungle in tupi the same work however describes the caipira in a stereotyped way as a poorly educated man or woman and erroneously compares them with other peoples such as the caiçaras 17 collage of several caipira people jeca tatu a fictional caipira man created by monteiro lobato stereotypes edit the term caipira is often used in brazil in a pejorative ethnocentric and stereotyped way for populations of the rural areas mainly in the central and southern regions of the country as in the book urupês by monteiro lobato where the caipira is portrayed as an old plague parasite caboclo parasite of the earth unimportant people seminomadic unadaptable to civilization urumbeba a term used in the state of são paulo to designate a naive and gullible person easy to be deceived akin to rube yokel hillbilly redneck and country bumpkin in the english language with synonyms like matuto and jeca named after jeca tatu a caipira character of monteiro lobato but it can also be used as a self identifier without negative connotations akin to melungeon in the traditional june festivals festas juninas people are dressed in simple countryside attire generally stereotyped as representing the caipira people the brazilian portuguese term caipira is not a complete or exact translation of words such as rube yokel hillbilly country bumpkin or redneck because each of these terms refers to people from different places cultural backgrounds and historical contexts however they share some partial similarities as they are generally used in a pejorative way to describe people from rural areas the countryside or very small towns often portraying them as having simpler lifestyles less refined habits and limited familiarity with the modern conveniences and cultural trends associated with large urban areas the overlap exists mainly in the stereotype of someone perceived as rural traditional or disconnected from urban modernity 18 genetics edit according to the 2022 brazilian census 35 to 40 of people in the area inhabited by caipiras self identified as pardo 50 to 55 as white 6 to 8 as black and 1 as east asian 19 a 2019 systematic scoping review of 51 studies analyzed the autosomal dna composition of people from various cities and states across brazil the results for the caipira territory were as follows 20 location of sample collection european ancestry african ancestry amerindian ancestry mato grosso do sul 59 26 15 araraquara 76 18 12 botucatu 74 12 9 campinas 73 20 7 ribeirão preto 86 9 4 famous fictional caipiras edit chuck billy chico bento in brazil a caipira boy created by the cartoonist mauricio de sousa jeca tatu a caipira man created by monteiro lobato see also edit caipira culture caipira dialect caipira guitar caipira music caipirinha alcoholic drink whose name is a diminutive of caipira caiçaras caboclos gauchos sertanejo people ribeirinhos citations edit candido antonio caipiradas in portuguese p 171 in fact the caipira is of paulista origin na verdade o caipira é de origem paulista projeto agosto caipira promove cultura popular nas bibliotecas de são paulo acervo in brazilian portuguese 21 august 2011 retrieved 25 june 2025 the origin of caipira is paulista but later the term spread to other states a origem do caipira é paulista mas depois o termo acabou se estendendo a outros estados o território paulistânico um olhar existencial para além dos mapas antigos the paulistanic territory an existential look beyond the old maps in portuguese rodrigues aryon d as línguas gerais sul americanas p 8 dialeto caipira do interior paulista está caindo em desuso aponta pesquisa jornal da usp in brazilian portuguese 1 april 2022 retrieved 15 november 2024 leite fabiana raquel a língua geral paulista e o vocabulário elementar da língua geral brasílica p 26 discussões sobre temas polêmicos marcaram carreira de lobato estadão in brazilian portuguese retrieved 15 november 2024 pereira da silva augusto césar na cartilha de romana e euzébio as escolas da comunidade rural de paraputanga p 33 victal jane cordova vitor sartori 8 may 2016 territorialidades caipiras o ser e a identidade do lugar iluminuras in portuguese 17 41 doi 10 22456 1984 1191 64560 issn 1984 1191 cardoso cristina de lima studies of caipira traditions in itapetininga pdf p 16 folha de s paulo nova história bandeirantes tinham origem judaica 05 09 2004 www1 folha uol com br retrieved 25 june 2025 campos judas tadeu de a influência dos marranos no sertão das cutias the caipiras have among their ethnic and cultural formers the descendants of the hebrews who existed in large numbers in são paulo in the 16th and 17th centuries os caipiras têm entre seus formadores étnicos e culturais os descendentes dos hebreus que nos séculos xvi e xvii existiam em grande número em são paulo cardoso cristina de lima studies of caipira traditions in itapetininga pdf in brazilian portuguese pp 39 40 zuliani de macedo tairone the origins and etymological evolution of the terms sertão and sertanejo pdf in brazilian portuguese p 5 campos festas juninas nas escolas lições de preconceitos p 595 bernardino josé de 1910 dicionário da terra e da gente do brasil carvalho flávia medeiros de o dicionário do folclore brasileiro um estudo de caso da etnoterminologia e tradução etnográfica pdf p 115 festa junina a origem da celebração pagã que virou religiosa e caipira no brasil www uol com br in brazilian portuguese retrieved 24 april 2022 mapas panorama do censo demográfico 2022 mapas panorama do censo demográfico 2022 retrieved 28 june 2026 souza aracele maria de resende sarah stela sousa taís nóbrega de brito cristiana ferreira alves de 2019 a systematic scoping review of the genetic ancestry of the brazilian population genetics and molecular biology 42 3 495 508 doi 10 1590 1678 4685 gmb 2018 0076 issn 1415 4757 pmc 6905439 pmid 31188926 general and cited references edit cândido antônio os parceiros do rio bonito sp josé olympio 1957 monteiro lobato josé bento de urupês editora monteiro lobato e cia 1923 nepomuceno rosa música caipira da roça ao rodeio editora 34 1999 queiróz renato da silva caipiras negros no vale do ribeira editora da usp 1983 pires cornélio conversas ao pé do fogo imesp edição fac similar 1984 retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title caipiras oldid 1375298380 categories brazilian folklore traditional peoples in brazil romance peoples hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use dmy dates from june 2025 related ethnic groups needing confirmation articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters pages with portuguese ipa cs1 portuguese language sources pt cs1 brazilian portuguese language sources pt br this page was last edited on 17 september 2026 at 00 18 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile 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