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mmunity portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 grammar 2 pronunciation 3 vocabulary toggle vocabulary subsection 3 1 loanwords from other languages 3 2 similarities in languages 3 3 canarian loans in other languages 4 see also 5 notes 6 references 7 bibliography 8 external links toggle the table of contents canarian spanish 16 languages català deutsch ελληνικά esperanto español euskara estremeñu français galego hausa bahasa indonesia italiano nederlands português русский türkçe edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia dialect of spanish in the canary islands canarian spanish español canario estación de guaguas bus station at puerto de la cruz tenerife pronunciation espaˈɲol kaˈnaɾjo native to spain region canary islands ethnicity canary islanders isleños native speakers undated figure of 2 million citation needed language family indo european italic latino faliscan romance italo western western romance ibero romance west iberian castilian 1 2 spanish peninsular spanish canarian spanish dialects isleño silbo gomero writing system latin spanish alphabet official status regulated by real academia española academia canaria de la lengua es language codes iso 639 3 glottolog cana1269 linguasphere 51 aaa be ietf es ic map of the canary islands where canarian spanish is spoken spanish language a manuscript of the cantar de mio cid 13th century overview pronunciation stress orthography names history old middle influences grammar determiners nouns gender pronouns personal object adjectives prepositions verbs conjugation irregular verbs dialects andalusian andean argentine belizean bolivian canarian caribbean central american chilean colombian costa rican cuban dominican ecuadorian equatoguinean guatemalan honduran mexican murcian new mexican nicaraguan paraguay panamanian peninsular peruvian philippine status puerto rican rioplatense saharan salvadoran standard uruguayan venezuelan dialectology seseo yeísmo voseo leísmo loísmo interlanguages llanito jopara judaeo spanish portuñol spanglish castrapo creoles roquetas pidgin chavacano or chabacano palenquero or palenque aljamiado teaching hispanism asale rae instituto cervantes v t e canarian spanish or canary island spanish spanish terms in descending order of frequency español de canarias español canario habla canaria or dialecto canario 3 is the variety of the spanish language as spoken in the canary islands by the canary islanders canarian spanish heavily influenced the development of caribbean spanish and other latin american spanish vernaculars because hispanic america was originally largely settled by colonists from the canary islands and andalusia those dialects including the standard language were already quite close to canarian and andalusian speech in the caribbean canarian speech patterns were never regarded as either foreign or very different from the local accent the incorporation of the canary islands into the crown of castile began with henry iii 1402 and was completed under the catholic monarchs the expeditions for their conquest started off mainly from ports of andalusia which is why the andalusians predominated in the canaries there was also an important colonising contingent from portugal in the early conquest of the canaries along with the andalusians and the castilians from mainland spain in earlier times portuguese settled alongside the spanish in the north of gran canaria but they were assimilated by the spanish the population that inhabited the islands before the conquest the guanches 4 spoke a variety of berber also called amazigh dialects after the conquest the indigenous guanche language was rapidly and almost completely eradicated in the archipelago only some names of plants and animals terms related to cattle ranching and numerous island placenames survive 5 their geography made the canary islands receive much outside influence with drastic cultural and linguistic changes as a result of heavy canarian emigration to the caribbean particularly during colonial times caribbean spanish is strikingly similar to canarian spanish grammar edit as with most other varieties of spanish outside mainland spain the preterite is generally used instead of the perfect hoy visité a juan today i visited juan for hoy he visitado a juan today i have visited juan 6 7 like most other varieties of spanish outside central and northern spain ustedes is used for all second person plurals ustedes están is used for vosotros estáis other usages include also the use of the third person plural pronouns su and sus to refer the second person instead of vuestro and vuestros as in latin american spanish and thus the use of third person plural verb conjugations example ustedes recuerdan dónde quedaba su casa do you remember where your house was for canarian spanish while being vosotros recordáis dónde quedaba vuestra casa for iberian spanish 8 speakers in the canary islands typically use third person object pronouns in the same way as speakers from andalusia and the americas that is without leísmo using the older case determined system of reference 8 diminutive forms are typically shorter than in peninsular spanish though the peninsular forms are used as a result of influence from the mainland bailito for bailecito little dance and pueblito for pueblecito little town 9 pronunciation edit sample of canarian spanish pronunciation seseo the lack of distinction between the pronunciation of the letters s and z or soft c is the most distinctive non mainland characteristic caza hunt is pronounced exactly like casa house which occurs in some parts of andalusia as well 10 the feature is common to most parts of the spanish speaking world outside of the northern three quarters of mainland spain castile and the surrounding provinces have adopted the feature 11 s is debuccalized to h at the end of syllables as is common in andalusia extremadura murcia the caribbean and much of lowland latin america this results in a phonetic merger with x 12 13 the frequency of s aspiration has generally increased over the last few decades as part of the formation of new regional norms 14 syllable final s is always or mostly pronounced in formal speech like tv broadcasts x spelled as j or before e or i as g is usually aspirated pronounced h as is common in andalusia especially in its west as well as the caribbean and some other parts of latin america 13 the same h sound is used in colloquial speech for the sound historically derived from latin f it is also preserved chiefly among rural speakers in many parts of peninsular spain and latin america 15 word final n is realized as a velar nasal ŋ 16 yeísmo has become almost universal throughout the archipelago currently the palatal lateral approximant ʎ formerly represented by ll has been relegated to the speech of the most elderly generally with low education and living in rural zones 17 the stops p t tʃ k can all become voiced when between vowels whether between words as in la pata la ˈbata or within a word as in deporte deˈboɾte this does not cause a merger with spanish s voiced stops since those are pronounced as approximants when between vowels in addition a weakened final s can block this voicing leading to alternations like la pata la ˈbata and las patas la ˈpata 8 18 tʃ the phoneme represented by ch is traditionally pronounced as voiceless palatal plosive rather than an affricate the plosive pronunciation is still widespread 18 vocabulary edit comparison between peninsular canarian and latin american spanish dialects spanish english peninsular canarian latin american vale bien dale ya okay anteojos gafas espejuelos anteojos lentes glasses patata papa potato bizcochón bizcocho tarta pastel queque bizcocho ponqué queque pastel torta cake palomitas cotufas roscas pochoclos crispetas palomitas cotufas cabritas canguil canchita popcorn judía alubia judía habichuela frijol frejol caraota habichuela poroto bean cacahuete maníz maní cacahuate peanut coche auto carro car conducir conducir guiar manejar to drive habitación alcoba dormitorio cuarto cuarto pieza cuarto habitación bedroom autobús guagua colectivo buseta autobús guagua buses bus aparcar estacionar parquear to park zumo jugo juice guay chulo chévere chido piola copado bacán bacano cool vosotros ustedes you informal plural canarian vocabulary has its own regionalisms different from standard castilian spanish vocabulary for example guagua bus differs from standard spanish autobús the word guagua is an onomatopoeia stemming from the sound of a klaxon horn wawa an example of canarian usage for a spanish word is the verb fajarse to fight 19 in standard castilian spanish the verb would be pelearse while fajar exists as a non reflexive verb related to the hemming of a skirt the term of endearment socio is a very popular canarian term the canarian vocabulary has a notable influence from the guanche language especially in the toponymy in addition many canarian personal names come from the guanche language such as gara acerina aydan beneharo jonay tanausú chaxiraxi ayoze yaiza and zebenzuí as canarian spanish was influenced by andalusian spanish a few words of andalusi arabic origin are found and there are some doublets of arabic latinate synonyms with the arabic form being more common in canarian such as cuarto or alcoba for standard habitación or dormitorio bedroom alhaja for standard joya jewel or alacrán for standard escorpión scorpion arabic influence in canarian spanish was also brought by returning canarian settlers and their children from spanish sahara after its independence other examples include guayete child or jaique poorly made and loosely fitting dress there are also numerous words of arabic origin to designate different plants aciba ahulaga albohol alcatripa algafita algahuero almácigo alpispillo almulei bahaza orijama tarahal aliacán these words may have come directly from north africa favored by the presence of many common plants or they may have naturalized first in the peninsula and then come to the canary islands this seems to be the case of the words ahulaga and tarahal so they are also rooted in peninsular castilian spanish loanwords from other languages edit this section does not cite any sources please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed october 2024 learn how and when to remove this message these due to their origin and nature can be classified into three large groups depending on whether they come from current spanish and its dialects from old castilian or if finally they come from languages other than spanish thus the words formed in the canary islands from other words of the spanish language the close influence of portuguese or the many terms that came to the canary islands from dialectal variants such as latin american spanish the result of the historical links between both shores of the atlantic thus the canarian lexicon is the reflection of centuries of island history cultural miscegenation and adaptation of the language to the unique conditions that existed on the islands canarismos from spanish and its dialects the canarian voices that come from the hispanic language itself or from its dialects are framed here in this group it would be necessary to distinguish between canarisms originating from some dialect of spanish and those that derive from a pan hispanic voice but which in the canary islands have undergone some linguistic process derivation simplification formal change metonymic displacement etc giving rise to a new or modified voice thus the word allege means in castilian to adduce merits to substantiate some request while in the canary islands it is used as a synonym for conversing there are also canarisms formed by derivation of words from general spanish such as bizcochón cylindrical cake made from eggs flour and sugar or fragilón stupid presumptuous vain which come from the pan hispanic terms biscuit and fragile respectively to which they have been added in the canary islands the suffix on on the other hand among the canarismos coming from dialectal forms of castilian the following stand out terms of latin american origin they come mainly from the caribbean area cuba puerto rico dominican republic and were introduced in the canary islands as a result of the emigration link that for centuries united the islands with america they are terms linked to any area of traditional island culture and are more deeply rooted in the western islands than in the eastern ones due to their more continuous link with the new world examples of this are the words guagua bus fotingo jalopy dilapidated car in other words its origin is indeterminate possibly engineered on the spot for example pollaboba is a special case because it went from being an insult with a pejorative meaning similar to impotent or celibate to even being used in common speech sometimes losing the initial meaning terms of andalusian origin it is a group of voices introduced by the andalusians from the beginning of the repopulation of the archipelago examples of andalusianisms in canarian speech are embelesar to fall asleep bocinegro kind of pagel chocho lupinus albus terms of portuguese origin portuguese is the foreign language that has given the most voices to the spanish spoken in the canary islands due to the huge mass of portuguese who settled on the islands during the 15th 16th and 17th centuries it is a large number of words from all grammatical categories and linked to most spheres of life linked to agriculture millo corn batata sweet potato apañar batatas from the portuguese apanhar pick potatoes and livestock terms such as bosta cattle excrement to the sea and fishing as cambullón buying selling and exchanging on board ships from cambulhão set of things string margullar swim underwater or burgao small sea snail engodar attract fish by baiting them cardume small school of fish pardela shearwater sea bird liña string used for fishing and the ichthyonyms caboso bicuda and quelme also furnia from the portuguese furna sea cave in the home environment words like gaveta sliding furniture drawer fechar to close in portuguese fechillo latch fechadura lock fonil funnel funil in portuguese traza moth traça in portuguese trancar lock in the peninsular spanish in the personal sphere words such as petudo from the portuguese peitudo big chested but which in the canary islands takes the meaning of hunchback jeito movement skill long mean...