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act us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 location 2 geology and history 3 caves 4 references toggle the table of contents caves and ice age art in the swabian jura 20 languages alemannisch مصرى čeština deutsch español français עברית hrvatski bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 ქართული lietuvių malti norsk bokmål português srpskohrvatski српскохрватски slovenčina türkçe tiếng việt edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide coordinates 48 23 16 n 9 45 56 e 48 38778 n 9 76556 e 48 38778 9 76556 from wikipedia the free encyclopedia unesco world heritage site in germany caves and ice age art in the swabian jura unesco world heritage site hohlenstein stadel one of the six caves that makes up the site interactive map of caves and ice age art in the swabian jura location swabian jura germany criteria cultural iii reference 1527 inscription 2017 41st session area 462 1 ha 1 142 acres buffer zone 1 158 7 ha 2 863 acres coordinates 48 23 16 n 9 45 56 e 48 38778 n 9 76556 e 48 38778 9 76556 the caves and ice age art in the swabian jura are a collection of six caves in southern germany which were used by ice age humans for shelter about 33 000 to 43 000 years ago within the caves were found the oldest non stationary works of human art yet discovered in the form of carved animal and humanoid figurines in addition to the oldest musical instruments ever found 1 2 3 one statuette of a female form carved figurines of animals including cave lions mammoths horses and cattle musical instruments and items of personal adornment have been discovered some of the figurines depict creatures that are half animal half human 1 because of their testimony to the development of paleolithic art and culture the six caves were inscribed on the unesco world heritage list in 2017 1 the caves are seen as the first centre of human art 1 4 5 were named cradle of art 6 and cradle of civilization 7 with a continuous cultural heritage over 6000 years 8 and are among the first settlements of modern humans in europe 9 bone flutes from the geissenklösterle cave dated around c 43 150 39 370 bp are the oldest musical instruments ever found 10 the 41 000 to 39 000 year old lion man 11 and the 42 000 to 41 000 year old venus of hohle fels 12 13 are the oldest confirmed sculptures in the world location edit 2017 voa report about the caves the world heritage comprises six caves which are distributed across two valleys in the swabian jura lone river valley and ach valley 14 the former includes the caves hohlenstein stadel vogelherd and bocksteinhöhle the latter geissenklösterle hohle fels and sirgenstein cave each valley would contain a core area of around 3 to 4 km 1 9 to 2 5 mi length surrounded by a buffer zone of a least 100 m 330 ft width 15 a documentation center not far from ulm in the town of blaubeuren the urgeschichtliches museum blaubeuren displays archaeological findings including the venus of hohle fels the earliest known undisputed example of a depiction of a human being in prehistoric art scientific findings experimental archeology and modern museum education can be found under one roof geology and history edit the bedrock of the caves began to form roughly 200 million years ago at the beginning of the jurassic period when the super continent pangaea began to break apart 16 the area was inundated by the neotethys sea and limestone formed from the marine sediments 16 during the early cenozoic the area was uplifted by the collision of the eurasian plate and the african and adriatic plates once this occurred the sinkholes and caves of the region were formed as rain seeped into the limestone when the lone and ach valleys formed access to the caves from the surface became possible and the caves gradually dried out and filled in with sediment preserving materials brought into the cave by humans 16 the caves of the swabian jura are particularly famous for their high density of artifacts from the aurignacian tradition ranging from roughly 43 000 to 26 000 years ago the aurignacian tradition is characterized by the advent of symbolic communication in the form of beads and pendants specialized flint blades and figurative art all of which have been found in high numbers within these six caves during this time early modern humans migrated into europe probably from the southeast along the danube river and settled in the easily accessible caves in the area 16 there they likely lived and worked in and around these caves the caves also served as the repositories of the figurines which may have been used in a religious context in addition they were the venue where performers used the excavated musical instruments and where the social groups lived from which the artists sprang 15 caves edit picture of the cave name location description discoveries picture of an important discovery additional pictures bocksteinhöhle lone valley 48 33 15 n 10 09 17 e 48 55424 n 10 15469 e 48 55424 10 15469 bocksteinhöhle reaches 16 m 52 ft deep and 9 m 30 ft wide large hand axe known as the bocksteinmesser additional pictures geißenklösterle ach valley 48 23 54 n 9 46 17 e 48 39821 n 9 77138 e 48 39821 9 77138 geißenklösterle orans hands upraised posture half animal half human figure in ivory additional pictures additional pictures hohle fels ach valley 48 22 45 n 9 45 15 e 48 37926 n 9 75409 e 48 37926 9 75409 hohler fels entry corridor leads into large cavern measuring 500 m 2 5 400 ft 2 in surface area with a height of 30 m 98 ft hohlefels venus of mammoth ivory flute from a griffon vulture bone additional pictures additional pictures hohlenstein stadel lone valley 48 32 58 n 10 10 23 e 48 54931 n 10 17294 e 48 54931 10 17294 hohlenstein stadel 50 m 160 ft long narrow cave entrance 8 m 4 m 26 ft 13 ft wide by high lion man figure carved from mammoth ivory additional pictures additional pictures sirgensteinhöhle ach valley 48 23 13 n 9 45 40 e 48 38704 n 9 76119 e 48 38704 9 76119 sirgensteinhöhle total length of the cave 42 m 138 ft with a maximum height of 10 m 33 ft in the rear the cavity is lit by natural openings in the ceiling approx 5000 flint points awls and smoothing stones additional pictures additional pictures vogelherd cave lone valley 48 33 31 n 10 11 39 e 48 55865 n 10 19428 e 48 55865 10 19428 vogelherdhöhle originally had 3 entrances connect to one another by a corridor 40 m 130 ft long and up to 7 m 23 ft wide animal figure of mammoth ivory venus figurine from a wild boar s tusk additional pictures references edit wikimedia commons has media related to caves and ice age art in the swabian jura 1 2 3 4 place stanislas place de la carrière and place d alliance in nancy unesco world heritage centre unesco retrieved 17 october 2021 daley jason world s oldest figurative art is now an official world treasure smithsonian magazine earliest music instruments found bbc news 25 may 2012 world s oldest figurative art is now an official world treasure earliest music instruments found bbc news 24 may 2012 sommerserie anfänge die wiege der kunst schweizer radio und fernsehen srf in german 25 july 2014 retrieved 16 february 2024 archäologie erleben mission eiszeit swr geschichte entdeckungen 28 march 2018 retrieved 16 february 2024 42 000 jahre alte perlenfunde so schmückten sich die eiszeitmenschen der tagesspiegel online in german issn 1865 2263 retrieved 16 february 2024 atlas of the human journey the genographic project archived from the original on 5 february 2011 earliest music instruments found bbc news 25 may 2012 archived from the original on 3 september 2017 ice age lion man is world s earliest figurative sculpture the art newspaper 31 january 2013 archived from the original on 15 february 2015 archäologie erleben mission eiszeit swr geschichte entdeckungen 28 march 2018 retrieved 16 february 2024 it must be a woman the female depictions from hohle fels date to 40 000 years ago universität tübingen july 22 2016 archived from the original on october 11 2016 retrieved july 26 2016 caves and ice age art in the swabian jura unesco world heritage centre unesco retrieved 24 september 2022 1 2 meister conny heidenreich stephan december 2016 zwei täler sechs höhlen ein antrag archäologie in deutschland in german wbg pp 32 3 1 2 3 4 kind claus joachim meister conny heidenreich stephan m 2016 caves with the oldest ice age art world heritage nomination report landesamt für denkmalpflege im regierungspräsidium stuttgart retrieved 24 september 2022 v t e world heritage sites in germany official site names see also list of world heritage sites in germany baden württemberg caves and ice age art in the swabian jura bockstein cave geißenklösterle hohlenstein stadel hohler fels sirgenstein cave vogelherd cave maulbronn monastery complex monastic island of reichenau the architectural work of le corbusier an outstanding contribution to the modern movement 10 the weissenhof estate in stuttgart the great spa towns of europe 8 baden baden bavaria frontiers of the roman empire 7 the danube limes western segment margravial opera house bayreuth old town of regensburg with stadtamhof pilgrimage church of wies the great spa towns of europe 8 bad kissingen the palaces of king ludwig ii of bavaria herrenchiemsee king s house on schachen linderhof palace and neuschwanstein castle town of bamberg water management system of augsburg würzburg residence with the court gardens and residence square berlin berlin modernism housing estates carl legien residential city wohnstadt carl legien falkenberg garden city gartenstadt falkenberg horseshoe settlement hufeisensiedlung schiller park settlement siedlung schillerpark siemens city large settlement großsiedlung siemensstadt uncle tom s hut onkel toms hütte white city weiße stadt museum island museumsinsel palaces and parks of potsdam and berlin brandenburg bauhaus and its sites in weimar dessau roßlau and bernau bei berlin adgb trade union school palaces and parks of potsdam and berlin bremen bremen city hall and bremen roland on the market square in bremen hamburg speicherstadt and kontorhaus district with chilehaus hesse abbey and altenmünster of lorsch mountain park bergpark wilhelmshöhe in kassel mathilde s height mathildenhöhe in darmstadt lower saxony fagus factory in alfeld mines of rammelsberg historic town of goslar and upper harz water management system st mary s cathedral and st michael s church at hildesheim mecklenburg western pomerania historic centres of stralsund and wismar schwerin residence ensemble schwerin castle schwerin cathedral and 36 others north rhine westphalia aachen cathedral carolingian westwork and civitas corvey castles of augustusburg and falkenlust at brühl cologne cathedral frontiers of the roman empire 6 the lower german limes zollverein coal mine industrial complex in essen rhineland palatinate roman monuments cathedral of st peter and church of our lady in triers shum sites of spires jewry court museum schpira beith schalom synagogue worms worms synagogue worms mikveh raschi house heiliger sand cemetery and mainz judensand cemetery spires cathedral the great spa towns of europe 8 bad ems saarland völklingen ironworks saxony dresden elbe valley delisted in 2009 ore mountain erzgebirge krušnohoří mining region 1 moravian church settlements 9 herrnhut muskau park muskauer park park mużakowski 2 saxony anhalt bauhaus and its sites in weimar dessau roßlau and bernau bei berlin bauhaus building with prellerhaus in dessau roßlau laubenganghäuser in dessau roßlau törten meisterhäuser collegiate church castle and old town of quedlinburg garden kingdom of dessau wörlitz luther memorials in eisleben birth house death house and wittenberg all saints church lutherhaus and augusteum melanchthonhaus town church naumburg cathedral schleswig holstein archaeological border complex of hedeby and the danevirke hanseatic city of lübeck thuringia bauhaus and its sites in weimar dessau roßlau and bernau bei berlin haus am horn kunstgewerbeschule kunstschulgebäude classical weimar jewish medieval heritage of erfurt old synagogue stone house erfurt mikveh wartburg castle several states frontiers of the roman empire 3 the upper germanic rhaetian limes prehistoric pile dwellings around the alps 4 upper middle rhine valley natural ancient and primeval beech forests of the carpathians and other regions of europe 5 grumsiner forst redernswalde hainich national park jasmund national park kellerwald edersee national park serrahn section of müritz national park messel pit fossil site wadden sea 6 1 shared with the czech republic 2 shared with poland 3 shared with the united kingdom 4 shared with austria france italy slovenia and switzerland 5 shared with albania austria belgium bosnia and herzegovina bulgaria croatia czech republic france italy north macedonia poland romania slovakia slovenia spain switzerland and ukraine 6 shared with the netherlands and denmark 7 shared with austria and slovakia 8 shared with france austria belgium czechia italy uk 9 shared with denmark uk united states 10 shared with argentina belgium france india japan switzerland v t e prehistoric cave sites rock shelters and cave paintings paleoanthropological sites cave paintings caves containing pictograms europe austria drachenhöhle gudenus lurgrotte salzofen tischofer belgium belle roche claminforge engis goyet naulette neolithic flint mines of spiennes ramioul scladina spy trou de l abîme bosnia badanj ledenjača bulgaria bacho kiro devetashka kozarnika magura utroba cave croatia grapčeva krapina vela spila vindija romuald s cave velika peć veternica cyprus aetokremnos czech republic amatérská býčí skála koněprusy kůlna mladeč šipka finland wolf france vézère valley world heritage site bara bahau bernifal cap blanc castel merle abri castanet reverdit les eyzies de tayac sireuil abri audi abri chadourne les combarelles cro magnon font de gaume laugerie basse laugerie haute la micoque la mouthe pataud abri du poisson lascaux la madeleine rouffignac other world heritage sites chauvet other caves with decoration arcy sur cure gargas cosquer cussac fontéchevade la chaire a calvin la marche lombrives grotte de gabillou marsoulas mas d azil mayrières supérieure niaux pair non pair pech merle roc aux sorciers renne trois frères villars other caves arago aurignac azé balauzière bonne femme bouillon bruniquel calès cauna la chapelle aux saints combe grenal la ferrassie fées fontbrégoua lazaret le moustier noisetier la quina raymonden le regourdou rochereil vallonnet germa...