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types of forests and tenures around the world the two largest international forest certification programs are the forest stewardship council fsc and the programme for the endorsement of forest certification pefc the forest stewardship council s policy on conversion states that land areas converted from natural forests to round wood production after november 1994 are ineligible for forest stewardship council certification 7 8 the pefc is the largest certification framework in terms of forest area with approximately two thirds of the total certified area the fsc program is the fastest growing 9 in 2021 pefc issued a position statement 10 defending their use of private standards in response to the destruction certified report from greenpeace 11 third party forest certification was pioneered in the early 1990s by the fsc a collaboration between environmental ngos forest product companies and social interests competing systems quickly emerged throughout the world some commentators including jared diamond have suggested that many competing private standards were set up by logging companies specifically aiming to confuse consumers with less rigorously enforced but similarly named competing standards 12 there are two varieties of forest certification forest management certification which determines if forests are maintained in accordance with a set of criteria chain of custody certification which ensures that certified material is identified or kept separate from non certified or non controlled material throughout the manufacturing process and is traceable from the forest to the ultimate customer 13 14 united states and canada edit in the united states and canada there are a number of forest certification programs three of these programs are endorsed by the pefc they are the american tree farm system atfs the canadian standards association s sustainable forest management sfm standard 15 and the sustainable forestry initiative sfi atfs is applicable only in the united states the canadian standards association sfm standard is applicable only in canada sfi is applicable to both the united states and canada sfi is the world s largest single forest certification standard by area 16 the fsc 17 18 program is applied throughout north america the national association of state foresters in the usa passed a resolution in 2008 that supports all of the forest certification systems used in the usa and recognized the value of their differences the atfs fsc and sfi systems include the fundamental elements of credibility and make positive contributions to forest sustainability no certification program can credibly claim to be best and no certification program that promotes itself as the only certification option can maintain credibility forest ecosystems are complex and a simplistic one size fits all approach to certification cannot address all sustainability needs 19 the canadian council of forest ministers issued a statement in 2008 on forest certification standards in canada which said in canada each jurisdiction s forest laws policies and administrative requirements comprise an over arching framework that fully characterizes what sustainable forest management sfm means in that jurisdiction and what actions may take place on public and or private forest land governments in canada support third party forest certification as a tool to demonstrate the rigor of canada s forest management laws and to document the country s world class sustainable forest management record the forest management standards of the canadian standards association csa the fsc and sfi are all used in canada governments in canada accept that these standards demonstrate and promote the sustainability of forest management practices in canada 20 chain of custody certification edit chain of custody certification tracks the certified material through the production process from the forest to the consumer including all successive stages of processing transformation manufacturing and distribution it also provides evidence that certified material in a certified product originates from certified forests the united nations reports that between january 2009 and may 2010 the total number of pefc and fsc chain of custody certificates issued worldwide increased by 88 for a total of 23 717 certificates this does not include sfi certificates 21 there are over 600 organizations certified to the sfi chain of custody standard and sfi certified products are sold in more than 120 countries around the world 22 future expansion edit forest certification is a voluntary process about 10 of the world s forest under at least one certification program 23 customers that choose to buy certified products are supporting land managers land owners and forest product companies that have made a commitment to meeting the standards of forest certification third party forest certification is a useful tool for those seeking to purchase paper and wood products that come from forests that are well managed and use materials that are legally harvested incorporating third party certification into forest product buying practices can be a centerpiece for responsible wood and paper purchasing policies that include factors such as the protection of sensitive forest values thoughtful material selection and efficient use of products 24 the 2009 2010 united nations market review reported that companies that produced or traded in certified forest products often had a market advantage during the 2008 2009 recession because in a buyers market buyers could be more selective in choosing their sources of supply the report cites four demand drivers for certification 25 paper publishing printing and packaging commitments to increase the use of responsible paper sources by large publishers such as time inc 26 has probably been the most significant factor driving growth in forest and chain of custody certification green public procurement governments such as the uk and the netherlands have adopted green timber procurement policies including recognition of fsc and pefc endorsed programs an example is the uk s central point of expertise on timber set up by the department of environment food and rural affairs and operated by proforest 27 green building standards for green building incentivize and reward the use of certified wood products illegal logging new legislation designed to minimize the risk of illegal wood entering supply chains such as the amended lacey act in the united states has created a strong incentive to demand independently certified wood that can address illegal logging concerns the world resources institute in partnership with the environmental investigation agency released a fact sheet designed to answer some of the frequently asked questions about the lacey act which was amended in 2008 to ban commerce in illegally sourced plants and their products including timber wood and paper products the fact sheet says forest certification is a very good approach for demonstrating due care by showing government and customers that a company has taken proactive steps to eliminate illegal wood or plant material from its supply chain certification does not relieve importers of the requirement to submit appropriate import declaration information to u s government agencies 28 see also edit ecolabel environmental audits forest protection green building greenguard environmental institute illegal logging programme for the endorsement of forest certification sustainable forest management sustainable management wood management wood laundering references edit metafore forest certification resource center archived from the original on 2009 04 05 retrieved 2011 03 30 not fit for purpose the grand experiment of multi stakeholder initiatives in corporate accountability human rights and global governance san francisco institute for multi stakeholder initiative integrity msi integrity july 2020 national association of state foresters policy statement 2008 pdf archived from the original pdf on 2016 04 08 retrieved 2010 03 11 members so org international organization for standardization international standards and private standards international organization for standardization 2010 isbn 978 92 67 10518 5 third party forest certification in british columbia permanent dead link bank european investment 2022 12 08 forests at the heart of sustainable development investing in forests to meet biodiversity and climate goals european investment bank isbn 978 92 861 5403 4 fsc policy on conversion pdf fsc unece fao 2009 2010 forest products annual market review page 115 archived 2010 08 20 at the wayback machine pefc response to the greenpeace report destruction certified pefc org pefc 11 march 2021 destruction certified greenpeace org greenpeace international 10 march 2021 diamond jared 2005 collapse how societies choose to fail or succeed london penguin p 479 isbn 0 14 303655 6 bank european investment 2022 12 08 forests at the heart of sustainable development investing in forests to meet biodiversity and climate goals european investment bank isbn 978 92 861 5403 4 chain of custody certification forest stewardship council fsc org retrieved 2023 01 30 csa international forest products marking archived 2011 10 19 at the wayback machine 1 sfi inc launches new standard leads forest certification forward pdf archived from the original pdf on 2012 10 18 retrieved 2013 02 19 forest stewardship council canada fsc united states forest certification as it contributes to sustainable forestry pdf archived from the original pdf on 2016 04 08 retrieved 2010 03 11 canadian council of forest ministers statement on forest certification standards in canada unece fao 2009 2010 forest products annual market review page 118 archived 2010 08 20 at the wayback machine sustainable forestry initiative 24 may 2022 sfi chain of custody standard forests org retrieved 20 january 2023 unece fao 2009 2010 forest products annual market review page 113 archived 2010 08 20 at the wayback machine metafore archived from the original on 2009 04 05 retrieved 2011 03 30 unece fao 2009 2010 forest products annual market review page 114 archived 2010 08 20 at the wayback machine time inc sustainability report 2009 2010 p 10 archived from the original on 2011 05 22 retrieved 2011 03 30 central point of expertise on timber archived from the original on 2010 02 16 retrieved 2011 05 05 world resources institute fact sheet are you ready for the lacey act external links edit forest certification resource center archived 2020 01 29 at the wayback machine forest stewardship council sustainable forestry initiative pefc international website dovetail partners forest certification a status report 2010 behind the logo an environmental and social assessment of forest certification schemes 2001 fern destruction certified greenpeace international 2021 v t e forestry index forest areas ministries research institutes colleges journals arbor day types agroforestry dehesa analog forestry bamboo forestry close to nature forestry community forestry ecoforestry energy forestry mycoforestry permaforestry plantation forestry social forestry sustainable forestry urban forest urban forestry ecology and management arboriculture controlled burn debris coarse driftwood large log jam slash dendrology ecological thinning even aged management fire ecology forest dynamics informatics ipm inventory governance law global forest information service old growth pathology protection restoration secondary stand transition trillion tree campaign forest certification atfs cfs fsc pefc sfi smartwood woodland carbon code forestation afforestation reforestation formally designated glade growth and yield modelling horticulture gm trees i tree urban multipurpose tree silviculture sustainable management tree allometry breeding tree measurement crown girth height volume environmental topics acid rain carbon sequestration clearcutting deforestation ecosystem services forest degradation forest dieback forest fragmentation forest reference emission level ghost forest great green wall africa great green wall china high grading illegal logging timber mafia invasive species wilding million tree initiative national forest monitoring system redd shifting cultivation chitemene slash and burn slash and char svedjebruk timber recycling tree hugging urban forest inequity wildfire industries coppicing forest farming forest gardening logging manufacturing lumber plywood pulp and paper sawmilling products biochar biomass charcoal non timber palm oil rayon rubber tanbark rail transport tree farm christmas trees wood engineered fuel mahogany spruce pine fir teak woodworking green woodworking occupations forester arborist bucker choker setter ecologist feller firefighter handcrew hotshot lookout smokejumper river driver truck driver log scaler lumberjack ranger resin tapper rubber tapper shingle weaver timber cruiser tree planter wood process engineer wikiproject trees portal category outline v t e wood products lumber timber batten beam bressummer cls cruck flitch beam flooring joist lath log building log cabin log house molding panelling plank plate post purlin rafter railroad ties reclaimed shingle siding sill stud timber truss treenail truss utility pole engineered wood cross laminated timber glued laminated timber veneer lvl parallel strand i joist fiberboard hardboard masonite mdf oriented strand board oriented structural straw board particle board plywood structural insulated panel wood plastic composite lumber fuelwood charcoal biochar firelog firewood pellet fuel wood fuel fibers cardboard corrugated fiberboard paper paperboard pulp pulpwood rayon derivatives birch tar cellulose nano hemicellulose cellulosic ethanol dyes lignin liquid smoke lye methanol pyroligneous acid pine tar pitch sandalwood oil tannin wood gas by products barkdust black liquor ramial chipped wood sawdust tall oil wood flour wood wool woodchips historical axe ties bavin wood billet wood clapboard dugout canoe potash sawdust brandy split rail fence tanbark timber framing wooden masts see also biomass certified wood destructive distillation dry distillation engineered bamboo forestry green building and wood list of woods mulch non timber forest products natural building papermaking reclaimed lumber timber recycling wood drying wood preservation wood processing woodworking yakisugi category commons wikiproject forestry retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title certified_wood oldid 1323078738 categories building materials fair trade forest certification natural materials product certification sustainable building wood hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata all articles with dead external links articles with dead external links from june 2019 articles with permanently dead external links webarchive template wayback links this page was last edited on 19 november 2025 at 15 40 utc page was rendered with parsoid tex...