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çais עברית italiano 日本語 한국어 bahasa melayu русский українська tiếng việt 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia extinct military position in the us commanding general of the united states army longest serving brevet ltg winfield scott 5 july 1841 1 november 1861 united states army united states department of war type senior most officer reports to the secretary of war seat several hqs washington appointer the president with congress advice and consent term length no fixed term constituting instrument an act of the second continental congress formation 15 june 1775 june 1821 first holder gen george washington as commander in chief of the continental army mg jacob brown as commanding general of the united states army final holder ltg nelson a miles abolished 8 august 1903 succession chief of staff of the army commanding general of the united states army was the title given to the service chief and highest ranking officer of the united states army and its predecessor the continental army prior to the establishment of the chief of staff of the united states army in 1903 during the american revolutionary war 1775 1783 the title was commander in chief of the continental army between 1783 and 1821 there was no true overall commander for the army historians use the term senior officer of the united states army to refer to the individual that held the highest rank by virtue of his date of commission though the authority they exerted depended on the will of the secretary of war in 1821 secretary john c calhoun appointed jacob brown as the commanding general of the united states army thus establishing the office of commanding general the office was often referred to by various other titles such as major general commanding the army or general in chief from 1789 until its abolition in 1903 the position of commanding general was legally subordinate to the united states secretary of war senior member of the president s cabinet but was replaced by the creation of the statutory chief of staff of the army by action of the united states congress in 1903 under the 26th president theodore roosevelt 1901 1909 officeholders edit denotes people who died in office commander in chief of the continental army 1775 1783 edit no portrait commander in chief took office left office time in office notes 1 washington george general a george washington 1732 1799 15 june 1775 23 december 1783 8 years 191 days appointed by the second continental congress after being nominated by samuel adams and john adams resigned to the congress of the confederation at the end of the american revolutionary war senior officer of the united states army 1783 1821 edit no portrait senior officer took office left office time in office notes 1 knox henry major general henry knox 1750 1806 23 december 1783 20 june 1784 180 days resigned to begin career farming and developing land in maine appointed secretary of war under articles of confederation in 1785 2 doughty john brevet major john doughty 1754 1826 20 june 1784 12 august 1784 53 days served when the army was reduced to only 80 soldiers lowest ranking individual ever to command the u s army 3 harmar josiah brevet brigadier general josiah harmar 1753 1813 12 august 1784 4 march 1791 6 years 204 days served at the beginning of the northwest indian war with the northwestern confederacy removed by president george washington in the aftermath of the harmar campaign 4 st clair arthur major general arthur st clair 1736 1818 4 march 1791 5 march 1792 1 year 1 day simultaneously served as governor of the northwest territory 1787 1802 resigned as senior officer at the request of president george washington in the aftermath of st clair s defeat 5 wayne anthony major general anthony wayne 1745 1796 13 april 1792 15 december 1796 4 years 246 days commanded the legion of the united states during the northwest indian war and negotiated the treaty of greenville with the northwestern confederacy after the battle of fallen timbers 6 wilkinson james brigadier general james wilkinson 1757 1825 15 december 1796 13 july 1798 1 year 210 days commanded the legion of the united states at the start of the quasi war responsible for establishing reserve corps in the ohio river valley and the lower mississippi river valley to be deployed in the event of war with france or spain later discovered by historian charles gayarré to have been a spanish spy 7 washington george lieutenant general george washington 1732 1799 13 july 1798 14 december 1799 1 year 154 days previously served as president of the united states 1789 1797 appointed by president adams during the quasi war against the french republic did not actively command the army during this period but was prepared to lead it if the need arose 8 hamilton alexander major general alexander hamilton 1755 1757 1804 14 december 1799 15 june 1800 183 days previously served as secretary of the treasury 1789 1795 served as inspector general of the army with rank of major general with effective command and control during the quasi war from 19 july 1798 became senior officer in the army after the death of washington 6 wilkinson james brigadier general b james wilkinson 1757 1825 15 june 1800 27 january 1812 11 years 226 days commanded during the louisiana purchase and the lewis and clark expedition known for suppressing the burr conspiracy 9 dearborn henry major general henry dearborn 1751 1829 27 january 1812 15 june 1815 3 years 139 days previously served as secretary of war 1801 1809 last american revolutionary war veteran to serve as senior officer served as the commanding general at the beginning of the war of 1812 known for authorizing the american invasion of lower canada including the battle of york reassigned to administrative post in new york city after achieving few victories 10 brown jacob major general jacob brown 1775 1828 15 june 1815 june 1821 5 years 351 days appointed commanding general of the army after successes on the northwestern front of the war of 1812 presided over a reduction in the size of the u s army in the 1810s created the united states s first military colleges and the general recruiting service commanding general of the united states army 1821 1903 edit no portrait commanding general took office left office time in office notes 1 brown jacob major general jacob brown 1775 1828 june 1821 24 february 1828 6 years 268 days 2 macomb alexander major general alexander macomb 1782 1841 29 may 1828 25 june 1841 13 years 27 days commanding general at the battle of plattsburgh advocated expanding the u s army during his tenure 3 scott winfield brevet lieutenant general winfield scott 1786 1866 5 july 1841 1 november 1861 20 years 119 days personally commanded the army in the battle for mexico city in 1847 during the mexican american war runner up in the 1852 presidential election commanded the union army at the beginning of the american civil war developed the anaconda plan to defeat the confederacy and recommended expanding the regular army rather than relying on militia resigned after the union defeat at the first battle of bull run age 75 at his retirement scott was the oldest person to serve as commanding general 4 mcclellan george b major general george b mcclellan 1826 1885 1 november 1861 11 march 1862 130 days simultaneously served as commander of the army of the potomac removed by president abraham lincoln after the peninsula campaign and mcclellan s failure to pursue the army of northern virginia after the battle of antietam later unsuccessfully campaigned with the democratic party in the 1864 election position vacant 11 march 1862 23 july 1862 c 5 halleck henry major general henry halleck 1815 1872 23 july 1862 9 march 1864 1 year 230 days reassigned as the army s chief of staff subordinate to grant 6 grant ulysses s general of the army d ulysses s grant 1822 1885 9 march 1864 4 march 1869 4 years 360 days appointed after successes in the battle of vicksburg and the chattanooga campaign when appointed grant served in the field his headquarters attached to the army of the potomac defeated the army of northern virginia at the overland campaign and the petersburg campaign accepted general robert e lee s surrender at the battle of appomattox resigned to become the 18th president of the united states after winning the 1868 election 1869 1877 7 sherman william tecumseh general of the army william tecumseh sherman 1820 1891 8 march 1869 1 november 1883 14 years 238 days known for leading the march to the sea and the campaign of the carolinas during the american civil war served as commanding general during the modoc war the great sioux war of 1876 and the nez perce war resigned position retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 64 in 1884 8 sheridan philip general of the army philip sheridan 1831 1888 1 november 1883 5 august 1888 4 years 278 days known for service in the american civil war reconstruction and the indian wars influential in establishment of yellowstone national park 9 schofield john lieutenant general john schofield 1831 1906 14 august 1888 29 september 1895 7 years 46 days former military commander during the american civil war and reconstruction advised the government during the pullman strike retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 64 10 miles nelson a lieutenant general nelson a miles 1839 1925 5 october 1895 8 august 1903 7 years 307 days served as commanding general during the spanish american war and the army beef scandal retired upon reaching mandatory retirement age of 64 position replaced with the army chief of staff upon miles s retirement timeline edit see also edit united states military seniority notes edit promoted posthumously to general of the armies in 1976 by an act of congress public law 94 479 as part of the united states bicentennial promoted to major general during the war of 1812 and retired on 15 june 1815 eicher civil war high commands the gap from 11 march 1862 to 23 july 1862 was filled with direct control of the army by president abraham lincoln and secretary of war edwin stanton with the help of an unofficial war board that was established on 17 march 1862 the board consisted of ethan a hitchcock the chairman with department of war bureau chiefs lorenzo thomas montgomery c meigs joseph g totten james w ripley and joseph p taylor promoted posthumously to general of the armies in 2024 1 in compliance with section 583 of the ndaa 2023 2 bibliography edit historical resources branch united states army center of military history eicher john h eicher david j 2001 civil war high commands stanford university press isbn 0 8047 3641 3 bell william gardner 2005 commanding generals and chiefs of staff 1775 2005 portraits and biographical sketches washington d c united states army center of military history archived from the original on 10 april 2021 retrieved 18 june 2010 king archibald 1960 1949 command of the army pdf military affairs charlottesville virginia the judge advocate general s school u s army references edit simpson brooks d brooksdsimpson 11 october 2024 someone got promoted tweet retrieved 12 october 2024 via x formerly twitter with scanned attachment copy of april 19 2024 u s department of defense memorandum for the secretary of the army subject posthumous advancement on the retired list general ulysses s grant to the grade of general of the armies act of 23 december 2022 james m inhofe national defense authorization act for fiscal year 2023 h r 7776 archived 19 december 2022 at the wayback machine v t e leaders of the united states army senior officers commanding generals washington knox doughty harmar st clair wayne hamilton wilkinson dearborn j brown macomb w scott mcclellan halleck grant sherman sheridan schofield miles chiefs of staff young chaffee bates bell wood wotherspoon h scott bliss march pershing hines summerall macarthur craig marshall eisenhower bradley collins ridgway taylor lemnitzer decker wheeler johnson westmoreland b palmer acting abrams weyand rogers meyer wickham vuono sullivan reimer shinseki keane acting schoomaker casey dempsey odierno milley mcconville george laneve acting vice chiefs of staff collins haislip hull bolte w palmer lemnitzer decker eddleman hamlett abrams haines b palmer haig weyand kerwin kroesen vessey wickham thurman a brown riscassi sullivan reimer peay tilelli griffith crouch shinseki keane casey cody chiarelli austin campbell allyn mcconville martin george mingus laneve sergeants major wooldridge dunaway copeland bolte autreve bainbridge connelly morrell gates mckinney kidd hall tilley preston chandler dailey grinston weimer v t e government of the united states under the articles of confederation congresses second continental congress confederation congress delegates committee of the states congressional officers president secretary civil offices officers postmaster general superintendent of finance agent of the marine secretary at war secretary of foreign affairs court of appeals military board of war continental army commander in chief continental navy continental marines meeting sites independence hall 1779 1783 nassau hall 1783 maryland state house 1783 1784 french arms tavern 1784 federal hall 1785 1789 related confederation period perpetual union proclamation of 1783 ratification day 1784 land ordinance 1785 land ordinance northwest ordinance journals of the continental congress v t e star officer grades general officer flag officer air officer by star ranks six star rank proposed five star rank four star rank three star rank two star rank one star rank by titles generalissimo generalissimo of the soviet union supreme allied commander admiral of the navy general of the armies generalfeldmarschall field marshal mareşal marshal of the air force marshal of the russian federation marshal of the soviet union mushir müşir caudillo magister militum spāhbed ispahsalar beylerbey constable of france grand domestic dux bellorum grand marshal hetman jenderal besar reichsmarschall sardar serasker strategos autokrator first marshal of the empire dai gensui taewonsu wonsu yuan shuai da yuan shuai field marshal marshal of yugoslavia marshal retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title commanding_general_of_the_united_states_army oldid 1373660229 categories united states army organization united states army generals 1775 establishments in the thirteen colonies 1903 disestablishments in the united states commanding generals of the united states army confederation period hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use american english from may 2020 ...