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consensus democracy wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 examples 2 electoral systems 3 see also 4 references 5 external links toggle the table of contents consensus democracy 16 languages العربية deutsch ελληνικά español eesti فارسی עברית magyar հայերեն 日本語 한국어 nederlands norsk nynorsk português türkçe 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia form of government part of the politics series democracy history theory measuring indices rankings types anticipatory athenian cellular consensus conservative cosmopolitan defensive deliberative direct economic electronic empowered ethnic grassroots guided hybrid regime illiberal inclusive industrial jacksonian jeffersonian liberal liquid majoritarian media monitory multiparty non partisan oral participatory pluralist popular procedural radical representative religious buddhist christian islamic jewish mormon sectarian semi social socialist sociocracy sovereign soviet substantive supermajority totalitarian whole process people s workplace methods campaign consultation demonstration election by election direct indirect primary recall snap systems legislature opinion poll parliament petition popular assembly participatory budgeting referendum deliberative initiative popular war sortition citizens assembly jury voting region africa asia europe americas middle east and north africa related topics anarchism anti authoritarianism criticism of democracy democracy and economic growth democracy promotion democracy dictatorship index democratic backsliding democratic capitalism democratic centralism democratic confederalism democratic consolidation democratic deficit democratic peace theory democratic republic democratic resilience democratic socialism democratic transition democratization electoral competition international day of democracy kleroterion liberalism libertarianism majoritarianism majority rule median voter theorem motion ochlocracy nomination rules peaceful transition of power political equality polyarchy populism post democracy proportional representation right to petition right to protest right to candidacy right to vote territorial peace theory tyranny of the majority waves of democracy third wave of autocracy wisdom of the crowd politics portal v t e consensus democracy 1 is the application of consensus decision making and supermajority to the process of legislation in a democracy it is characterized by a decision making structure that involves and takes into account as broad a range of opinions as possible as opposed to majoritarian democracy systems where minority opinions can potentially be ignored by vote winning majorities 2 constitutions typically require consensus or supermajority 3 a consensus government is a national unity government with representation across the whole political spectrum a concordance democracy is a type of consensus democracy where majority rule does not play a central role optional referendums and popular initiatives correspond to consensus democracy 4 examples edit the 2019 legislative assembly of the northwest territories is an example of consensus government all mlas are non partisan and together elect the premier and cabinet consensus democracy is most closely embodied in certain countries such as switzerland germany austria denmark lebanon sweden iraq and belgium where consensus is an important feature of political culture particularly with a view to preventing the domination of one linguistic or cultural group in the political process 5 the term consociational state is used in political science to describe countries with such consensus based political systems an example of such a system could be the dutch poldermodel many parties in lebanon call for applying consensus democracy especially at times of crisis tripartism applies consensus democracy to economic policy by fostering social dialogue between opposing interest groups primarily national trade unions and employers organizations consensus government chiefly arises in non partisan democracies and similar systems in which a majority of politicians are independent many former british territories with large indigenous populations use consensus government to fuse traditional tribal leadership with the westminster system consensus government in canada is used in the northwest territories and nunavut as well as the autonomous nunatsiavut region and similar systems have arisen in the pacific island nations of fiji tuvalu and vanuatu as well as the ancient tynwald of the isle of man 6 electoral systems edit the borda count tends to elect broadly acceptable options or candidates rather than consistently following the preferences of a majority 7 see also edit anticipatory democracy bioregional democracy coalition government consensus decision making consociationalism direct democracy grassroots democracy hung parliament jirga list of politics related topics minoritarianism median voter theorem open source governance types of democracy references edit mcgann anthony j latner michael 2013 the calculus of consensus democracy comparative political studies 46 7 823 850 doi 10 1177 0010414012463883 kasuya yuko reilly benjamin 2023 the shift to consensus democracy and limits of institutional design in asia the pacific review 36 4 844 870 doi 10 1080 09512748 2022 2035426 king brett w the use of supermajority provisions in the constitution the framers the federalist papers and the reinforcement of a fundamental principle seton hall const lj 8 1997 363 vatter adrian 2000 consensus and direct democracy conceptual and empirical linkages european journal of political research 38 2 171 192 doi 10 1023 a 1007137026336 lijphart a 1999 patterns of democracy government forms performance in thirty six countries new haven yale university press isbn 0 300 07893 5 graham white 2011 cabinets and first ministers ubc press pp 58 63 isbn 978 0774842143 lippman david voting theory pdf math in society borda count is sometimes described as a consensus based voting system since it can sometimes choose a more broadly acceptable option over the one with majority support external links edit consensus democracy a new approach to 21st century governance metagovernment project using the wiki consensus model as a replacement for current governments on conflict and consensus a handbook on formal consensus decisionmaking consensus voting the modified borda count mbc v t e coalition spectrum type of government government parties opposition parties minority government confidence and supply rainbow coalition full coalition majority government grand coalition national unity government consensus government non partisan non partisan retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title consensus_democracy oldid 1349178266 categories comparative politics participatory democracy types of democracy power sharing hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata this page was last edited on 16 april 2026 at 03 57 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy 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