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ies used in constructed wetland due to their effectiveness even though they can be invasive outside their native range in north america cattails typha latifolia are common in constructed wetlands because of their widespread abundance ability to grow at different water depths ease of transport and transplantation and broad tolerance of water composition including ph salinity dissolved oxygen and contaminant concentrations elsewhere common reed phragmites australis are common both in blackwater treatment but also in greywater treatment systems to purify wastewater plants are usually indigenous in that location for ecological reasons and optimum workings newly planted constructed wetland for blackwater treatment lima peru the large roots of this uprooted plant growing in a constructed wetlands indicate a healthy plant lima peru a hybrid system using flowforms in a treatment pond in norway animals edit locally grown predatory fish can be added to surface flow constructed wetlands to eliminate or reduce pests such as mosquitos stormwater wetlands provide habitat for amphibians but the pollutants they accumulate can affect the survival of larval stages potentially making them function as ecological traps 30 costs edit since constructed wetlands are self sustaining their lifetime costs are significantly lower than those of conventional treatment systems often their capital costs are also lower compared to conventional treatment systems 31 they do take up significant space and are therefore not preferred where real estate costs are high history edit primary clarifier effluent was discharged directly to natural wetlands for decades before environmental regulations discouraged the practice citation needed subsurface flow constructed wetlands with sand filter beds have their origin in china and are now used in asia in small cities 4 examples edit austria edit the total number of constructed wetlands in austria is 5 450 in 2015 32 due to legal requirements nitrification only vertical flow constructed wetlands are implemented in austria as they achieve better nitrification performance than horizontal flow constructed wetlands only about 100 of these constructed wetlands have a design size of 50 population equivalents or more the remaining 5 350 treatment plants are smaller than that 32 canada edit as part of the remediation efforts to remove contamination from cfb goose bay one of the waste dumps was transformed into an engineered wetland 33 in 2023 clearwater county implemented the first biofilter based wetland wastewater treatment system in the province 34 the system uses 2 types of subsurface constructed wetlands to conduct both aerobic and anaerobic wastewater treatment see also edit wikimedia commons has media related to constructed wetlands decentralized wastewater system ecological engineering ecological sanitation floodplain restoration integrated constructed wetland passive treatment system sanitation sponge city vegetative treatment system water sensitive urban design wetland classification wetlands construídos a company in brazil portals wetlands environment references edit vymazal jan zhao yaqian mander ülo 2021 11 01 recent research challenges in constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment a review ecological engineering 169 106318 doi 10 1016 j ecoleng 2021 106318 issn 0925 8574 arden s ma x 2018 07 15 constructed wetlands for greywater recycle and reuse a review science of the total environment 630 587 599 bibcode 2018scten 630 587a doi 10 1016 j scitotenv 2018 02 218 issn 0048 9697 pmc 7362998 pmid 29494968 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 maiga y von sperling m mihelcic j 2017 constructed wetlands in j b rose and b jiménez cisneros eds global water pathogens project c haas j r mihelcic and m e verbyla eds part 4 management of risk from excreta and wastewater michigan state university e lansing mi unesco material was copied from this source which is available under a creative commons attribution sharealike 3 0 unported license 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 hoffmann h platzer c von münch e winker m 2011 technology review of constructed wetlands subsurface flow constructed wetlands for greywater and domestic wastewater treatment deutsche gesellschaft für internationale zusammenarbeit giz gmbh eschborn germany abdelhakeem sara g aboulroos samir a kamel mohamed m 2016 09 01 performance of a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland under different operational conditions journal of advanced research 7 5 803 814 doi 10 1016 j jare 2015 12 002 issn 2090 1232 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 dotro g langergraber g molle p nivala j puigagut juárez j stein o r von sperling m 2017 treatment wetlands volume 7 biological wastewater treatment series london iwa publishing isbn 978 1 78040 876 7 oclc 984563578 for example see urban drainage and flood control district denver co treatment bmp fact sheets t 08 constructed wetland pond nov 2015 and t 09 constructed wetland channel nov 2010 part of the urban storm drainage criteria manual volume 3 1 2 brix h schierup h 1989 danish experience with sewage treatment in constructed wetlands in hammer d a ed 1989 constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment lewis publishers chelsea michigan pp 565 573 davies t h hart b t 1990 use of aeration to promote nitrification in reed beds treating wastewater constructed wetlands in water pollution control pp 77 84 doi 10 1016 b978 0 08 040784 5 50012 7 isbn 978 0 08 040784 5 carpenter s r caraco n f correll d l howarth r w sharpley a n smith v h 1998 nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen ecological applications 8 559 568 1 2 wetzel r g 1983 limnology orlando florida saunders college publishing hallin sara hellman maria choudhury maidul i ecke frauke 2015 relative importance of plant uptake and plant associated denitrification for removal of nitrogen from mine drainage in sub arctic wetlands water research 85 377 383 bibcode 2015watre 85 377h doi 10 1016 j watres 2015 08 060 pmid 26360231 1 2 mitsch j w gosselink j g 1986 wetlands new york van nostrand reinhold company p 536 guntensbergen g r stearns f kadlec j a 1989 wetland vegetation in hammer d a ed 1989 constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment lewis publishers chelsea michigan pp 73 88 wetlands for treatment of mine drainage technology infomine com archived from the original on 2018 03 20 retrieved 2014 01 21 hedin r s nairn r w kleinmann r l p 1994 passive treatment of coal mine drainage information circular pittsburgh pa u s bureau of mines 9389 vymazal j kröpfleova l 2008 wastewater treatment in constructed wetlands with horizontal sub surface flow environmental pollution vol 14 doi 10 1007 978 1 4020 8580 2 isbn 978 1 4020 8579 6 stefanakis alexandros akratos christos tsihrintzis vassilios 5 august 2014 vertical flow constructed wetlands eco engineering systems for wastewater and sludge treatment 1st ed elsevier science p 392 isbn 978 0 12 404612 2 1 2 tilley e ulrich l lüthi c reymond ph zurbrügg c 2014 compendium of sanitation systems and technologies 2nd revised edition swiss federal institute of aquatic science and technology eawag duebendorf switzerland isbn 978 3 906484 57 0 stefanakis alexandros akratos christos tsihrintzis vassilios 5 august 2014 vertical flow constructed wetlands eco engineering systems for wastewater and sludge treatment 1st ed amsterdam elsevier science p 392 isbn 978 0 12 404612 2 sanchez ramos david aragones david g florín máximo 2019 effects of flooding regime and meteorological variability on the removal efficiency of treatment wetlands under a mediterranean climate science of the total environment 668 577 591 bibcode 2019scten 668 577s doi 10 1016 j scitotenv 2019 03 006 pmid 30856568 s2cid 75138384 tilley elizabeth ulrich lukas lüthi christoph reymond philippe zurbrügg chris 2014 compendium of sanitation systems and technologies 2nd ed duebendorf switzerland swiss federal institute of aquatic science and technology eawag isbn 978 3 906484 57 0 aragones david g sanchez ramos david calvo gabriel f 2020 surfwet a biokinetic model for surface flow constructed wetlands science of the total environment 723 137650 bibcode 2020scten 723m7650a doi 10 1016 j scitotenv 2020 137650 pmid 32229378 s2cid 214748458 1 2 scholz m sadowski a j harrington r and carroll p 2007b integrated constructed wetlands assessment and design for phosphate removal biosystems engineering 97 3 415 423 mustafa a scholz m harrington r and carrol p 2009 long term performance of a representative integrated constructed wetland treating farmyard runoff ecological engineering 35 5 779 790 scholz m harrington r carroll p and mustafa a 2007a the integrated constructed wetlands icw concept wetlands 27 2 337 354 1 2 carty a scholz m heal k gouriveau f and mustafa a 2008 the universal design operation and maintenance guidelines for farm constructed wetlands fcw in temperate climates bioresource technology 99 15 6780 6792 for peat s sake behind the scenes of wetland restoration critical roles for landscape architects the complete wetlander www aswm org retrieved 2020 04 29 walsh p 2015 the return of the swamp landscape architecture magazine retrieved 2020 04 29 sievers michael parris kirsten m swearer stephen e hale robin june 2018 stormwater wetlands can function as ecological traps for urban frogs ecological applications 28 4 1106 1115 doi 10 1002 eap 1714 hdl 10072 382029 pmid 29495099 technical and regulatory guidance document for constructed treatment wetlands pdf report washington d c interstate technology regulatory council december 2003 1 2 langergraber guenter weissenbacher norbert 2017 05 25 survey on number and size distribution of treatment wetlands in austria water science and technology 75 10 2309 2315 doi 10 2166 wst 2017 112 issn 0273 1223 pmid 28541938 barker jacob turning an old dump into new wetland in happy valley goose bay canadian broadcasting corporation archived from the original on 2022 06 29 retrieved 29 may 2023 willsie brittany september 27 2023 nature based wastewater treatment system opens in leslieville pdf vol 101 no 9 the mountaineer retrieved 29 january 2026 external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to constructed wetlands constructed wetlands us environmental protection agency handbook studies and related resources publications on constructed wetlands in the library of the sustainable sanitation alliance v t e wetlands types and landforms natural backswamp bayou beach meadow blackwater river bofedales bog blanket bog cataract bog coastal bog kermi bog plateau bog polygonal bog raised bog string bog upland bog callows carr alder carr ciénega clearwater river cypress dome dambo fen fen meadow poor fen rich fen flark flood meadow flooded grasslands and savannas grass valley guelta hamun igapó ings interdunal wetland intertidal wetland kettle lagg marsh brackish marsh freshwater marsh inland salt marsh salt marsh tidal marsh high marsh low marsh mere misse moorland mudflat muskeg oasis pakihi palsa palustrine wetland peatland mire and quagmire pocosin pond pothole reed bed salt pannes and pools slough swamp coniferous swamp freshwater swamp forest mangrove forest myristica swamp peat swamp forest shrub swamp wet meadow várzea forest vernal pool whitewater river yaéré artificial bog garden constructed wetland converted wetland swale water meadow life list of wetland plants list of fen plants sphagnum soil mechanics acrotelm histosol peat sapric or muck tropical peat hydric soil marsh gas ombrotrophic processes halosere hydrosere paludification salt marsh dieback classifications a directory of important wetlands in australia national wetlands inventory ramsar classification system for wetland type conservation clean water act greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands marsh organ ramsar convention ramsar site list salt marsh die off wetland indicator status organizations bangladesh haor and wetland development board delta waterfowl foundation ducks unlimited irish peatland conservation council meadowview biological research station society of wetland scientists wetlands international wildfowl wetlands trust related articles aquatic ecosystem bog body bog butter bog iron bog wood list of bogs drainage basin estuary riparian zone river delta telmatology turbary will o the wisp wetlands portal category v t e stormwater management structures treatment containment biofilter constructed wetland detention basin green roof media filter oil grit separator retention basin stormwater detention vault stormwater harvesting flow control continuous monitoring and adaptive control flood control channel flow control structure hydrodynamic separator storm drain infiltration bioretention bioswale dry well infiltration basin percolation trench permeable paving semicircular bund v t e wastewater sources and types acid mine drainage ballast water bathroom blackwater coal blackwater waste boiler blowdown brine combined sewer cooling tower cooling water fecal sludge greywater infiltration inflow industrial wastewater ion exchange leachate manure papermaking produced water return flow reverse osmosis sanitary sewer septage sewage sewage sludge toilet urban runoff quality indicators adsorbable organic halides biochemical oxygen demand chemical oxygen demand coliform index oxygen saturation heavy metals ph salinity temperature total dissolved solids total suspended solids turbidity wastewater surveillance treatment options activated sludge aerated lagoon agricultural wastewater treatment api oil water separator carbon filtering chlorination clarifier constructed wetland decentralized wastewater system extended aeration facultative lagoon fecal sludge management filtration imhoff tank industrial wastewater treatment ion exchange membrane bioreactor reverse osmosis rotating biological contactor secondary treatment sedimentation septic tank settling basin sewage sludge treatment sewage treatment sewer mining stabilization pond trickling filter ultraviolet germicidal irradiation uasb vermifilter wastewater treatment plant disposal options combined sewer evaporation pond groundwater recharge infiltration basin injection well irrigation marine dumping marine outfall reclaimed water sanitary sewer septic drain field sewage farm storm drain surface runoff vacuum sewer category sewerage authority control databases international gnd national united states czech republic 2 latvia israel other yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title constructed_wetland oldid 1375216333 categories constructed wetlands artificial landforms environmental engineering environmental terminology sewerage infrastructure stormwater management sustainable design wetlands ecological restoration water and the environment chinese inventions hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from may 2023 articles with unsourced statements from 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