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of central america as well as to reach the usa west coast california in the late 19th century and until the 1910s before the panama canal opened other european ethnic groups known to live in costa rica include russians danes belgians portuguese croats poles turks armenians and georgians many of the first spanish colonists in costa rica may have been jewish converts to christianity who were expelled from spain in 1492 and fled to colonial backwaters to avoid the inquisition 2 the first sizable group of self identified jews immigrated from poland beginning in 1929 from the 1930s to the early 1950s journalistic and official anti semitic campaigns fueled harassment of jews however by the 1950s and 1960s the immigrants won greater acceptance most of the 3 500 costa rican jews today are not highly observant but they remain largely endogamous 3 costa rica has four small minority groups mulatto black amerindian and asian people about 8 of the population is of african descent or mulatto mix of european and black who are called afro costa ricans descendants of sub saharan africans enslaved by the spanish and descendants of 19th century english speaking jamaican immigrant workers 4 in 1873 the atlantic railroad imported 653 chinese indentured laborers hoping to duplicate the success of rail projects that used chinese labor in peru cuba and the united states asians represent less than 0 5 of the costa rican population mostly from china taiwan and japan there are also over 104 000 native american or indigenous inhabitants representing 2 4 of the population most of them live in secluded reservations distributed among eight ethnic groups quitirrisí in the central valley matambú or chorotega guanacaste maleku northern alajuela bribri southern atlantic cabécar cordillera de talamanca guaymí southern costa rica along the panamá border boruca southern costarable portion of the costa rican population is made up of nicaraguans 5 there is also a number of colombian refugees moreover costa rica accepted many refugees from various other latin american countries fleeing civil wars and dictatorships during the 1970s and 1980s notably from el salvador chile argentina cuba and recently from venezuela currently immigrants represent 9 of the costa rican population the largest in central america and the caribbean by 2014 the three largest immigrant diasporas in costa rica are people from nicaragua colombia and united states language edit main article languages of costa rica see also costa rican spanish the official language of costa rica is spanish 6 however there are also many local indigenous languages in costa rica such as bribrí 7 8 english is the first foreign language and the second most taught language in costa rica followed by french german italian and chinese 9 a creole language called mekatelyu is also spoken in limón 10 pura vida edit pura vida a characteristic costa rican phrase literally means pure life with connotations that suggest translations such as full of life this is living going great or real living 11 12 13 the phrase can be used both as a greeting or a farewell as an answer expressing that things are going well as a way of giving thanks or showing appreciation 14 in modern day usage the saying goes beyond its simple translation it s a way of life it is a perspective on life that evokes a spirit that is carefree laid back and optimistic according to víctor manuel sánchez corrales of the university of costa rica the origin of the phrase is mexican it is thought to have come from a mexican film called pura vida 1956 the protagonist played by antonio espino used the expression pura vida extensively in situations where it would not normally be used costa ricans adopted the phrase using it in a similar way it was formally recognized and incorporated into dictionaries in the mid 1990s 15 and has since become costa rica s unofficial but ubiquitous motto 16 religion edit main article religion in costa rica a 2007 survey conducted by the university of costa rica found that 70 5 of the population identify themselves as roman catholics with 44 9 practicing 25 6 percent nonpracticing 13 8 are evangelical protestants 11 3 report that they do not have a religion and 4 3 declare that they belong to another religion 17 there are several other religious festivals in the country costa rica has various religious denominations buddhism hinduism judaism islam baháʼí faith scientology rastafari taoism and jehovah s witness education edit main article education in costa rica education is highly cared about in costa rica by most of the population about 6 of the country s domestic product is dedicated to education 18 which has produced positive results as 96 of the population is literate primary 1st 6th grade and secondary 7th 11th or 12th are mandatory for all citizens public schools are free and those who can afford it may choose to send their children to private schools the country has five major public universities the university of costa rica ucr the costa rica institute of technology tec the universidad nacional una the universidad técnica nacional and the universidad estatal distancia uned 19 art edit costa rican women in traditional dress painting and sculpture edit at the beginning of the 19th century some wealthy costa ricans paid visiting foreign painters usually european to paint their portraits 20 it was not until some of these painters such as bigot henry etheridge or santiago paramo settled in the country that costa rican artists learned modern techniques for drawing oil painting and sculpture 20 these teachers directly influenced tico artists jose maria figueroa faustino montes de oca and felipe valentini towards the end of the 19th century costa ricans produced artists with stronger national identities a short list of these artists would include ezequiel jimenez wenceslao de la guardia and enrique echandi current renowned costa rican painters include gonzalo morales sáurez rafa fernandez and fernando carballo and sculptors such as ibo bonilla max jimenez jorge jimenez deredia ingrid rudelman wohlstein domingo ramos mario parra olger villegas nestor zeledon and william villanueva bermudez music edit main article music of costa rica most of the music and folklore comes from the north of the country including the nicoya peninsula mayan culture and the atlantic coast afro caribbean culture costa rican music is marked by a rhythm known as tambito as well as a distinctive musical genre known as punto two examples are the punto guanacasteco from guanacaste province and the sancarleño from san carlos in alajuela province dance edit dance remains an important cultural tradition in costa rica most costa ricans learn several traditional dances from a young age the vast majority of costa rican traditional dances were born in the province of guanacaste national holidays are often celebrated by spirited displays of dancing in the streets 21 many consider the punto guanacasteco to be the national dance which showcases three different stages of courtship occasionally all dancers will pause mid dance so that one person can shout out a bomba a bomba is a rhymed verse which can be memorized or improvised and is usually racy or witty 21 writing edit costa rican literature has many women who have played a large role in every literary movement most notably carmen lyra whose overall subject matter and perspective made her a revolutionary figure 22 other well known authors include jose leon sanchez aquileo j echeverría concherías manuel gonzález zeledón la propia joaquin gutierrez cocori puerto limón manglar carlos luis fallas marcos ramírez mamita yunai carlos salazar herrera cuentos de angustias y paisajes isaac felipe azofeifa fabián dobles jorge debravo alberto cañas escalante andrés meza murillo yolanda oreamuno and eunice odio cuisine edit main article costa rican cuisine gallo pinto costa rican cuisine is a combination of spanish south american caribbean and american influences this style of cuisine is shared by most of central america although local variations have appeared in each of the countries one national dish is gallo pinto spotted rooster although the name has no relation to the ingredients it is a combination of black beans and white rice spiced with cilantro onions garlic salt and a local condiment called salsa lizano it is typically eaten at breakfast with eggs and sometimes natilla sour cream fried plantains and either corn tortillas or bread are also common gallo pinto is a common and typical dish in both costa rica and nicaragua other typical dishes are arroz con pollo olla de carne tamales and casado arroz con pollo rice with chicken consists of bite size chicken chunks mixed with rice and diced vegetables that include carrots peas corn and garbanzo beans olla de carne is mainly prepared on weekends citation needed it is a broth of corn prepared by boiling water meat and whole to large sized vegetable pieces with spices the soup is eaten in a bowl with the broth and separate plates for the vegetables and rice a casado is a one plate meal that includes black beans rice meat fried plantains and one or more side dishes the meat can vary from chicken beef or fish some examples of side dishes are pasta salad vegetable salad fried eggs potatoes spaghetti or barbudos green beans wrapped in egg batter citation needed there are some regional differences for example the caribbean side of the country because of its roots has gallo pinto with coconut milk while the north western part of the country has a strong tendency towards corn products and for large cheese filled tortillas corn snacks and other dishes see also edit costa rica portal architecture of costa rica cultural properties of costa rica media of costa rica public holidays in costa rica list of festivals in costa rica list of museums in costa rica references edit costa rica state gov 2012 04 09 retrieved on 2012 05 19 the jewish community in costa rica jcpa org retrieved 4 october 2017 culture of costa rica history people women beliefs food customs family social marriage everyculture com retrieved 4 october 2017 afro costa ricans in costa rica minority rights group retrieved 2024 04 09 www state gov background note costa rica people constitution of costa rica 1949 rev 2011 www constituteproject org retrieved 2015 10 08 umaña adolfo constenla rojas eugenia ibarra 2009 03 01 mapa de la distribución territorial aproximada de las lenguas indígenas habladas en costa rica y en sectores colindantes de nicaragua y de pa namá en el siglo xvi estudios de lingüística chibcha in spanish issn 1409 245x costa rica ethnologue retrieved 2015 10 08 costa rica culture www costaricavibes com 13 september 2019 retrieved 2021 05 08 jamaican creole english ethnologue retrieved 2015 10 08 what does pura vida mean costa rican way of life www bestcostaricantours com archived from the original on 2019 12 07 retrieved 2015 10 08 biddle buffie 2015 08 07 pura vida mae an original story for children dog ear publishing isbn 9781457539770 kaiser james 2015 01 01 costa rica the complete guide eco adventures in paradise destination press isbn 9781940754017 pura vida archived 2016 06 22 at the wayback machine hola costa rica in spanish pura vida también expresa el momento en que hacemos algo bien sin tratarse de un saludo y una forma de dar las gracias por algo que esté bien la película que nos heredó el pura vida nación 2013 01 05 national motto costa rica retrieved 2018 01 03 international religious freedom report 2008 costa rica united states bureau of democracy human rights and labor september 14 2007 this article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain es constitución política de costa rica de 1949 circular reference universidad estatal a distancia institución benemérita de la educación y la cultura uned ac cr 1 2 www infocostarica com infocostarica com archived from the original on 4 october 2017 retrieved 4 october 2017 1 2 helmuth chalene 2000 culture and customs of costa rica helmuth chalene 2000 culture and customs of costa rica westport conn greenwood press isbn 9780313095917 oclc 647818592 v t e costa rica articles san josé capital history pre columbian history new granada captaincy general guatemalan mexican rule federal republic of central america free state of costa rica first costa rican republic liberal state civil war 1948 reform state geography conservation deforestation earthquakes islands mountains national parks rivers volcanoes water resources waterfalls wildlife world heritage sites politics administrative divisions provinces cantons districts elections foreign relations international rankings legislative assembly deputies history human rights lgbt mayors military political parties president list public finances supreme court presidents economy agriculture colón currency telecommunications tourism ecotourism transport unions society demographics education ethnic groups health languages religion squatting water supply and sanitation culture anthem architecture cinema coat of arms cuisine flag literature media music public holidays sport outline category portal v t e culture of latin america and the caribbean caribbean antigua and barbuda aruba bahamas barbados cuba curaçao dominica dominican republic grenada haiti jamaica puerto rico saint kitts and nevis saint lucia saint vincent and the grenadines sint maarten trinidad and tobago central america belize costa rica el salvador guatemala honduras nicaragua panama north america mexico south america argentina bolivia brazil chile colombia ecuador french guiana guyana paraguay peru suriname uruguay venezuela dependencies not included semi autonomous territories are in italics retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title culture_of_costa_rica oldid 1365338982 art category culture of costa rica hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from september 2009 articles containing potentially dated statements from 2012 all articles containing potentially dated statements cs1 spanish language sources es webarchive template wayback links all articles lacking reliable references articles lacking reliable references from may 2019 all articles containing circular references articles with unsourced statements from december 2009 this page was last edited on 21 july 2026 at 20 00 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents culture 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