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Text of the page (random words):
decapoint wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 references toggle the table of contents decapoint 4 languages deutsch suomi français ikinyarwanda edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia obsolete tactile form of the latin script this article includes a list of general references but lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations june 2022 learn how and when to remove this message a sample of decapoint the relative efficiency of braille can be seen as the line at the bottom is the braille transcription for the first two lines of decapoint je vous prie de commander une planche pour la grille ci jointe the decapoint alphabet digits and punctuation raphigraphe on view in museum in finland decapoint script type alphabet this article contains phonetic transcriptions in the international phonetic alphabet ipa for an introductory guide on ipa symbols see help ipa for the distinction between and see ipa brackets and transcription delimiters decapoint or raphigraphy was a tactile form of the latin script invented by louis braille as a writing system that could be used by both the blind and sighted 1 it was published in 1839 over a decade after the six dot braille alphabet 2 letters retained their form and so were legible without training to the sighted but the lines were composed of embossed dots like those used in braille decapoint refers to the writing system while raphigraphy is the use of a raphigraph machine to produce writing each letter was ten dots tall with variable widths 2 hence the name decapoint 3 it was originally written with a slate and stylus in order for writing to be legible from the front of a page it was pressed in from the back as a mirror image 3 this process was difficult and time consuming and the text was impractically large in order to make the process of writing decapoint text easier pierre françois victor foucault assisted by louis braille invented the raphigraph needle writer in 1841 3 the raphigraph could write one column of a character at a time with its ten keys 1 while decapoint had the advantage of being legible to sighted people without training 1 it was much less practical and space efficient the prevalence of ink typewriters in the 1880s and the invention of the braille writer in 1892 contributed to decapoint and the raphigraph falling out of use decapoint was sometimes used anyway into the 1930s 1 references edit 1 2 3 4 his inventions museelouisbraille com retrieved 2025 07 18 1 2 braille louis 1839 nouveau procede pour representer des points la forme meme des letters les cartes de geographie les figures de geometrie les caracteres de musiques etc a l usage des aveugles new method for representing by dots the form of the letters themselves maps geometric figures musical symbols etc for use by the blind in french archived from the original on 2009 04 22 1 2 3 mellor c michael 2006 louis braille a touch of genius national braille press pp 88 93 isbn 9780939173709 louis invents decapoint archived 2017 08 03 at the wayback machine american foundation for the blind the raphigraphy by louis braille in 1839 character set worked up optically v t e braille braille cell 1829 braille international uniformity ascii braille unicode braille patterns braille scripts french ordered albanian cantonese catalan chinese mainland mandarin largely reassigned czech dutch 6 dot 8 dot english unified english esperanto french german ghanaian guarani hawaiian hungarian iñupiaq ipa irish italian latvian lithuanian luxembourgish extended to 8 dot maltese māori navajo nigerian philippine polish portuguese romanian samoan slovak south african spanish taiwanese mandarin largely reassigned turkish azerbaijani vietnamese welsh yugoslav zambian nordic family estonian faroese icelandic scandinavian danish finnish greenlandic northern sámi norwegian swedish russian lineage family i e cyrillic mediated scripts belarusian bulgarian kazakh kyrgyz mongolian russian tatar ukrainian egyptian lineage family i e arabic mediated scripts arabic persian urdu pakistan indian lineage family i e bharati braille devanagari hindi marathi nepali bengali bangla assamese gujarati kannada malayalam odia punjabi sinhala tamil telugu urdu india other scripts amharic armenian burmese dzongkha bhutanese georgian greek hebrew inuktitut reassigned vowels khmer thai and lao japanese vowels tibetan reordered algerian braille obsolete frequency based american braille obsolete independent chinese semi syllabaries cantonese mainland chinese mandarin taiwanese mandarin two cell chinese shuangpin japanese korean eight dot dutch luxembourgish kanji gardner salinas braille codes gs8 symbols in braille braille music canadian currency marks computer braille code gardner salinas braille codes science gs8 gs6 international phonetic alphabet ipa nemeth braille code braille technology braille e book braille embosser braille translator braille watch mountbatten brailler optical braille recognition perforation perkins brailler refreshable braille display slate and stylus braigo people louis braille charles barbier róża czacka valentin haüy harris mowbray thakur vishva narain singh maría del carmen ortiz de arce sabriye tenberken william bell wait organisations braille institute of america braille without borders japan braille library national braille association blindness organizations schools for the blind american printing house for the blind other tactile alphabets decapoint moon type new york point night writing vibratese related topics accessible publishing braille literacy robobraille retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title decapoint oldid 1374838138 categories braille tactile alphabets writing systems introduced in the 1830s 1839 introductions obsolete writing systems hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles lacking in text citations from june 2022 all articles lacking in text citations pages with plain ipa cs1 french language sources fr webarchive template wayback links this page was last edited on 14 september 2026 at 10 42 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents decapoint 4 languages add topic