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duchy of styria wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 history 2 name 3 demographics 4 dukes toggle dukes subsection 4 1 various dynasties 4 2 house of habsburg 5 see also 6 references 7 external links toggle the table of contents duchy of styria 36 languages العربية беларуская български català čeština deutsch ελληνικά esperanto español eesti euskara فارسی français עברית hrvatski bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 한국어 kurdî lietuvių македонски nederlands polski português română русский srpskohrvatski српскохрватски slovenščina српски srpski svenska ไทย türkçe українська اردو 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide coordinates 47 04 00 n 15 26 00 e 47 0667 n 15 4333 e 47 0667 15 4333 from wikipedia the free encyclopedia part of holy roman empire austria hungary duchy of styria herzogtum steiermark german vojvodina štajerska slovene ducatus styriae latin 1180 1918 flag adopted in the 19th century coat of arms map of the duchy of styria from 1850 to 1910 status state of the holy roman empire and the austrian empire kronland of cisleithanian austria capital graz religion roman catholicism government duchy historical era middle ages styrian march partitioned from carinthian march 970 raised to duchy by frederick barbarossa 1180 to babenberg austria 1192 to árpád hungary 1254 to přemyslid bohemia 1260 to habsburg austria 1276 78 austria hungary dissolved 31 october 1918 collapse of german austria 10 september 1919 preceded by succeeded by march of styria state of styria kingdom of yugoslavia today part of austria slovenia transferred by inheritance on the extinction of the ducal line transferred by conquest the duchy of styria german herzogtum steiermark slovene vojvodina štajerska latin ducatus styriae was a duchy located in modern day southern austria and northern slovenia it was a part of the holy roman empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a cisleithanian crown land of austria hungary until its dissolution in 1918 history edit it was created by emperor frederick barbarossa in 1180 when he raised the march of styria to a duchy of equal rank with neighbouring carinthia and bavaria after the fall of the bavarian duke henry the lion earlier that year margrave ottokar iv thereby became the first duke of styria and also the last of the ancient otakar dynasty as ottokar had no issue he in 1186 signed the georgenberg pact with the mighty house of babenberg rulers of austria since 976 after which both duchies should in perpetuity be ruled in personal union upon his death in 1192 styria as stipulated fell to the babenberg leopold v duke of austria arms of the house of babenberg grazer schlossberg the austrian babenbergs became extinct in 1246 when duke frederick ii was killed in battle against king béla iv of hungary styria a vacant imperial fief became a matter of dispute among the neighbouring estates it passed quickly through the hands of hungarian kings in 1254 until king ottokar ii of bohemia conquered it being victorious at the 1260 battle of kressenbrunn as king ottokar ii had married the last duke s sister margaret he laid claim to both austria and styria this met with strong opposition by the newly elected king rudolph i of germany who claimed the duchies as escheated fiefs rudolph finally defeated ottokar at the 1278 battle on the marchfeld seized austria and styria and granted them to his sons albert i and rudolf ii the house of habsburg provided styria with dukes of their lineage from that point on the duchy was however separated from austria by the 1379 treaty of neuberg after which styria carinthia and carniola formed the inner austrian territory ruled by the descendants of leopold iii of the leopoldian line who took their residence at graz in 1456 they could significantly enlarge the styrian territory by acquisition and re acquisition of the comital celje estates in lower styria both duchies were again ruled in personal union when leopold s grandson frederick v inherited austria in 1457 in 1496 frederick s son maximilian i signed an order expelling all jews from styria who were not allowed to return to graz until 1856 in 1512 the duchy joined the empire s austrian circle a second inner austrian cadet branch of the habsburgs ruled over styria from 1564 under archduke charles ii of inner austria graz became a centre of the counter reformation expedited by the jesuits at the university of graz established in 1585 and continued under charles son archduke ferdinand ii who became sole rule of all habsburg hereditary lands and holy roman emperor in 1619 the protestant population was expelled including the astronomer johannes kepler in 1600 meanwhile at the time of the ottoman invasions in the 16th and 17th centuries after the 1526 battle of mohács the land suffered severely and was depopulated the turks made incursions into styria nearly twenty times churches monasteries cities and villages were destroyed and plundered while the population was either killed or carried away into slavery the duchy of styria dark red dark orange in modern austria and slovenia styria remained a part of the habsburg monarchy and from 1804 belonged to the austrian empire the development of the duchy was decisively promoted by archduke john of austria younger brother of emperor francis i who in 1811 founded the joanneum predecessor of the graz university of technology and the university of leoben in 1840 he also forwarded the construction of the semmering railway to mürzzuschlag and the austrian southern railway line from vienna to trieste completed in 1857 which boosted the styrian economy in the course of the austro hungarian compromise of 1867 ausgleich the duchy was assigned as a crown land for the cisleithanian part of austria hungary while along with the rise of nationalism the conflict between the german and slovene population intensified on the collapse of austria hungary in the aftermath of world war i the rump state of german austria claimed all cisleithanian austria with a significant german speaking population including large parts of the styrian duchy while the slovene lower styrian part joined the state of slovenes croats and serbs conflicts arose especially around the majority german speaking border town of maribor marburg an der drau where the census in 1900 recorded 83 5 german speakers which after a massacre of german protestors awaiting the american delegation popularly known as marburg s bloody sunday although it was actually a monday ultimately fell to yugoslavia the former duchy was partitioned broadly along ethnic lines though where mixed the defeated austrian side lost the lands to yugoslavia such as the majority german abstall basin with only the entirely german speaking two thirds of its territory upper styria and parts of central styria de remaining with austria and the southern third of lower styria with maribor passing to the kingdom of serbs croats and slovenes eventually becoming part of modern slovenia name edit part of a series on the history of austria early history hallstatt culture celts kingdom of noricum roman era noricum pannonia raetia rugiland odoacer s kingdom of italy ostrogothic kingdom early middle ages marcomanni lombards baiuvarii suebi avars carantania frankish kingdom east francia margraviate of austria house of babenberg privilegium minus middle ages house of habsburg holy roman empire prince archbishopric of salzburg duchy of austria duchy of styria duchy of carinthia county of tyrol early modern period archduchy of austria habsburg empire austrian empire german confederation austria hungary world war i assassination of franz ferdinand history of austria hungary during world war i interwar years republic of german austria first austrian republic civil war austrofascism federal state of austria anschluss ostmark austria world war ii national socialism post war austria allied occupied austria second austrian republic topics jews vienna economic history football cricket military history rail transport radio liberalism music cinema hinduism islam timeline austria portal v t e styria was attested in historical documents in ad 907 as styria in 1191 as marchia stirensis and in 1215 as marchia styrie 1 the name is of pre romance substrate origin the german name steiermark is a compound the first element is borrowed from the ancient name stiria and the second element mark means march border region the slovene name štajerska and the czech name štýrsko are borrowed and adapted from the german name for the region 1 demographics edit in 1910 the population of styria included 2 983 000 speakers of german 409 000 speakers of slovene dukes edit various dynasties edit otakars ottokar iv 1180 1192 had been the margrave of styria since 1164 house of babenberg leopold v of austria 1192 1194 leopold vi of austria 1194 1230 son frederick ii of austria 1230 1246 son killed in battle přemyslids ottokar ii of bohemia 1251 1260 1278 against árpád dynasty béla iv of hungary 1254 1258 and his son stephen v of hungary 1258 1260 claimants house of habsburg edit rudolph i 1278 1282 also king of the romans 1273 1291 albert i 1282 1308 son also king of the romans from 1298 jointly with his brother rudolph ii 1282 1283 and his son rudolph iii 1298 1307 frederick the fair 1308 1330 son of albert i jointly with his brother leopold i 1308 1326 albert ii 1330 1358 son of albert i jointly with his brother otto the merry 1330 1339 rudolph iv 1358 1365 son of albert ii albert iii 1365 1379 son of albert ii jointly with his brother leopold iii 1365 1386 duke of inner austria from 1379 leopoldian line william 1386 1406 son of leopold iii ernest the iron 1406 1424 son of leopold iii frederick v 1424 1493 son of ernest the iron also king of the romans from 1440 holy roman emperor from 1452 and archduke of austria from 1457 jointly with his brother albert vi 1424 1463 maximilian i 1493 1519 also archduke of austria holy roman emperor emperor elect from 1508 charles i 1519 1521 also archduke of austria holy roman emperor 1530 1556 ferdinand i 1521 1564 also archduke of austria holy roman emperor from 1558 charles ii 1564 1590 archduke of inner austria ferdinand ii 1590 1637 archduke of inner austria also archduke of austria and holy roman emperor from 1619 see also list of rulers of austria see also edit history of styria references edit 1 2 snoj marko 2009 etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen ljubljana modrijan p 418 a j p taylor the habsburg monarchy 1809 1918 1948 serbian edition a dž p tejlor habzburška monarhija 1809 1918 belgrade 2001 page 302 external links edit map of the balkans 1815 59 showing the duchy of styria v t e austrian circle of the holy roman empire habsburg lands austria carinthia carniola further austria altdorf bregenz breisgau burgau hohenberg konstanz ortenau stockach sundgau until 1648 tettnang winnweiler gorizia istria styria tarasp tengen trieste tyrol habsburg s vassals liechtenstein prince bishoprics brixen chur trent teutonic bailiwicks an der etsch austria circles est 1500 bavarian swabian upper rhenish lower rhenish westphalian franconian lower saxon circles est 1512 austrian burgundian upper saxon electoral rhenish unencircled territories v t e crown lands of the austrian empire kingdom of bohemia kingdom of croatia kingdom of dalmatia kingdom of galicia and lodomeria kingdom of hungary kingdom of illyria kingdom of lombardy venetia kingdom of slavonia archduchy of austria duchy of bukovina duchy of carinthia duchy of carniola duchy of styria duchy of salzburg duchy of upper and lower silesia grand duchy of kraków grand principality of transylvania margraviate of istria margraviate of moravia princely county of tyrol princely county of gorizia and gradisca voivodeship of serbia and banat of temeschwar imperial free city of trieste military frontier v t e administrative divisions of austria hungary cisleithania archduchy of austria kingdom of bohemia duchy of bukovina duchy of carinthia duchy of carniola kingdom of dalmatia kingdom of galicia and lodomeria grand duchy of kraków austrian littoral gorizia and gradisca istria trieste margraviate of moravia duchy of salzburg duchy of upper and lower silesia duchy of styria county of tyrol county of vorarlberg transleithania kingdom of hungary kingdom of croatia slavonia fiume and its surroundings military frontier 1867 1882 condominiums bosnia and herzegovina de jure 1908 1918 de facto 1878 1918 sanjak of novi pazar de facto 1878 1908 carpathian passes 1918 concession zone in tianjin 1901 1917 authority control databases international viaf national united states other yale lux 47 04 00 n 15 26 00 e 47 0667 n 15 4333 e 47 0667 15 4333 retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title duchy_of_styria oldid 1344027249 categories duchy of styria 1180 establishments in europe 1180s establishments in the holy roman empire austrian circle former states and territories in slovenia historical regions in austria subdivisions of austria hungary republic of german austria states and territories disestablished in 1918 states and territories established in 1180 history of styria 1918 disestablishments in europe lands of the empire of austria 1867 1918 subdivisions of the austrian empire 1804 1867 hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles containing german language text articles containing slovene language text articles containing latin language text pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the flag caption or type parameters pages using gadget wikiminiatlas coordinates on wikidata this page was last edited on 17 march 2026 at 21 18 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents duchy of styria 36 languages add topic