Meta tags:

Headings (most frequently used words):

numerals, eastern, arabic, contents, origin, other, names, contemporary, use, see, also, notes, references, external, links,

Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (68), arabic (66), #numerals (46), and (34), persian (34), urdu (27), #eastern (24), script (21), language (20), judeo (20), are (20), with (19), western (18), from (16), used (15), other (13), edit (12), articles (11), languages (10), literature (10), numeral (10), wikipedia (9), history (8), grammar (7), algerian (7), use (6), isbn (6), india (6), alphabet (6), system (6), iranian (6), numbers (6), this (5), non (5), page (5), sidebar (5), different (5), university (5), academy (5), related (5), standard (5), braille (5), list (5), sanskrit (5), scripts (5), indo (5), bce (5), proto (5), left (5), unicode (5), south (5), world (5), links (5), see (5), also (5), written (5), contents (4), search (4), text (4), may (4), commons (4), was (4), retrieved (4), linguistics (4), new (4), varieties (4), indian (4), countries (4), english (4), origin (4), tajik (4), old (4), letters (4), tunisian (4), egyptian (4), asian (4), north (4), modern (4), ancient (4), iran (4), indic (4), hindu (4), for (4), portal (4), asia (4), arab (4), east (4), contemporary (4), right (4), value (4), hide (4), move (4), view (3), about (3), terms (3), using (3), wikimedia (3), september (3), category (3), link (3), wikidata (3), has (3), pages (3), containing (3), august (3), 2015 (3), all (3), hindi (3), phonology (3), writing (3), their (3), islam (3), maghrebi (3), names (3), pidgin (3), yemeni (3), moroccan (3), baghdadi (3), maltese (3), pre (3), classical (3), arabian (3), devanagari (3), eds (3), press (3), 978 (3), but (3), identical (3), shapes (3), abjad (3), which (3), separator (3), 000 (3), ٠٠٠ (3), decimal (3), that (3), read (3), variants (3), notation (3), systems (3), alphabetic (3), tools (3), main (3), toggle (2), table (2), contact (2), privacy (2), policy (2), license (2), cs1 (2), maint (2), periodical (2), clarification (2), unsourced (2), statements (2), vague (2), ambiguous (2), time (2), 2025 (2), specifically (2), marked (2), weasel (2), worded (2), phrases (2), short (2), description (2), mathematics (2), hyderabad (2), national (2), islamabad (2), karachi (2), anjuman (2), taraqqi (2), bihar (2), delhi (2), topics (2), writers (2), movement (2), poets (2), roman (2), dialects (2), nastaliq (2), vocabulary (2), subcontinent (2), loanwords (2), words (2), afghanistan (2), middle (2), calligraphy (2), cuneiform (2), verbs (2), nouns (2), tat (2), kuwaiti (2), 800 (2), 300 (2), thuluth (2), hijazi (2), academic (2), jordanian (2), bengali (2), gulf (2), sanʽani (2), adeni (2), tripolitanian (2), syrian (2), palestinian (2), iraqi (2), central (2), indonesian (2), bedawi (2), hilal (2), hilalian (2), nabataean (2), islamic (2), alif (2), influence (2), universities (2), studies (2), current (2), usage (2), historic (2), buddhist (2), spread (2), odia (2), gujarati (2), brahmi (2), vedic (2), greater (2), external (2), cite (2), via (2), pdf (2), maldivian (2), publications (2), number (2), symbols (2), glossary (2), learn (2), kunitzsch (2), paul (2), 2003 (2), hogendijk (2), sabra (2), mit (2), 262 (2), 19482 (2), enterprise (2), science (2), perspectives (2), transmission (2), reconsidered (2), references (2), commonly (2), needed (2), notes (2), region (2), both (2), each (2), thousands (2), comma (2), arranged (2), digit (2), even (2), negative (2), they (2), however (2), sometimes (2), called (2), أَرْقَام (2), ʾarqām (2), when (2), digits (2), counting (2), radices (2), bases (2), appearance (2), upload (2), file (2), changes (2), article (2), bahasa (2), log (2), create (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), add, topic, mobile, cookie, statement, statistics, developers, code, conduct, legal, safety, contacts, disclaimers, available, under, additional, apply, site, you, agree, registered, trademark, profit, organization, foundation, inc, creative, attribution, sharealike, rendered, parsoid, last, edited, 2026, utc, hidden, categories, needing, december, 2020, multiple, image, auto, scaled, images, child, parameter, https, org, index, php, title, eastern_arabic_numerals, oldid, 1375657093, portals, aligarh, muslim, osmania, maulana, azad, authority, campuses, federal, haryana, akademi, uttar, pradesh, dictionary, board, uddin, begum, romanisation, progressive, music, poetry, cinema, informatics, awards, arts, controversy, politics, urdish, british, aurangabad, forms, rekhta, karkhandari, kalkatiya, hyderabadi, dhakaiya, dakhini, begamati, hindustani, territories, where, official, roots, french, rudaki, institute, sciences, organizations, romanized, pahlavi, silent, vāv, ezāfe, features, dehwari, sistani, bukhori, juhuri, aimaq, hazaragi, afghan, families, 525, 1500, 2000, 3000, european, between, parentheses, indicate, extinct, italics, macarabic, encoding, dos, codepages, 864, 720, 711, 710, 709, 708, windows, 1256, iso, iec, 8859, keyboard, technical, tawqi, taliq, sini, shahmukhi, ruqʽa, rasm, naskh, muhaqqaq, mashq, kufic, kairouani, jeli, jawi, diwani, ajami, quranic, corpus, ipa, mater, lectionis, triliteral, root, irab, case, imala, tajwid, sun, moon, turku, madam, nubi, maridi, juba, bongor, bimbashi, pidgins, creoles, habban, beda, tunisene, wqal, kjal, bedouin, sociological, nigerian, chadian, shirvani, khorasani, kashkadarya, bukhara, bactrian, others, tihami, taʽizzi, hadhrami, shihhi, omani, najdi, group, yafiʽi, hejazi, qatari, khamseh, emirati, bahraini, dhofari, bareqi, bahrani, peninsular, cypriot, anatolian, qeltu, shawi, khuzestani, gilit, mesopotamian, damascene, aleppine, lebanese, cilician, levantine, sudanese, saʽidi, nile, valley, sulaym, libyan, maqil, nemadi, hassaniya, saharan, village, mountain, jebli, traras, msirda, lesser, kabylia, jijel, sfaxian, sahel, sahili, fessi, tunis, ceuta, urban, żurrieqi, żejtun, qormi, gozitan, cottenera, australian, sicilian, andalusi, spoken, literary, waw, nun, mim, lam, kaf, qaf, ghayn, ayn, ḍad, ṣad, shin, sin, zay, dhal, dal, kha, gim, tha, dagger, hamza, shaddah, tanwin, nunation, harakat, tashkil, ijam, diacritics, romanization, overviews, conference, day, institutes, outside, revival, status, malay, inscriptions, tagalog, mottos, vyākaraṇa, legendary, creatures, texts, epics, drama, writings, suyat, family, kawi, newar, bangla, later, development, nagari, nandinagari, prosody, compounds, pronouns, hybrid, sanskritism, linguistic, sociology, mode, mandala, model, indosphere, zone, media, journal, gippert, jost, 2013, chen, shu, fen, slade, benjamin, ann, arbor, beech, stave, maldives, 852488593, oclc, 9895142, grammatica, verba, glamor, verve, historical, europea, honor, hans, henrich, hock, occasion, his, seventy, fifth, birthday, outline, menninger, karl, 1992, courier, dover, 415, 486, 27096, cultural, 2021, 2023, pollylingu, أرقام, هندية, polly, lingual, ibm, same, characters, set, some, devices, row, appear, pakistani, 06f0, 06f9, 0660, 0669, latin, transliterations, include, citation, algaurizin, adopted, its, first, nine, perso, vaavu, alifu, kaafu, ihaviyani, baa, raa, noonu, shaviyani, haa, thaana, only, today, medieval, times, slightly, variation, derive, italy, maghreb, more, extensively, digitally, continue, newspapers, well, signboards, pakistan, concurrently, often, employed, alongside, across, speaking, although, increasingly, favoured, particularly, uses, united, emirates, saudi, arabia, sudan, egypt, predominantly, over, many, notably, 066c, quote, 060c, 066b, 14159265358, ١٤١٥٩٢٦٥٣٥٨, mark, line, fractions, numerator, denominator, fraction, slash, reads, 82n712, plate, car, lowest, higher, positions, added, arrangement, though, columns, usually, points, aligned, signs, magnitudes, variant, point, looks, counterpart, not, encoded, separately, clock, cairo, metro, mathematical, these, known, discouraged, can, lead, confusion, brahmic, هِنْدِيَّة, hindiyya, مَشْرِقِيَّة, mašriqiyya, originates, reintroduced, during, book, mathematician, engineer, whose, name, note, algoritmi, latinized, khwarizmi, calculation, hindic, golden, age, whom, early, variety, unknown, diverged, those, clearly, origins, obscure, designated, represent, conjunction, including, peninsula, mashriq, numerical, evolution, into, along, adoption, europe, hebrew, greek, glagolitic, georgian, geʽez, cyrillic, coptic, kaṭapayādi, āryabhaṭa, akṣarapallī, alphasyllabic, armenian, tally, marks, prehistoric, kharosthi, etruscan, chuvash, aztec, attic, aegean, tangut, rods, vietnamese, korean, japanese, suzhou, hokkien, chinese, sign, asymmetric, integer, complex, factorial, mixed, balanced, ternary, signed, bijective, common, radix, base, iñupiaq, kaktovik, cherokee, rumi, quipu, pentadic, muisca, mayan, cistercian, post, babylonian, thai, sundanese, mongolian, lao, khmer, javanese, burmese, balinese, tibetan, dzongkha, kannada, telugu, malayalam, tamil, sinhala, gurmukhi, place, part, series, free, encyclopedia, item, wikibooks, projects, printable, version, download, print, export, switch, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, information, permanent, what, here, general, actions, talk, اردو, українська, türkçe, ไทย, svenska, русский, português, polski, norsk, bokmål, plattdüütsch, melayu, 日本語, italiano, indonesia, हिन्दी, עברית, français, فارسی, español, čeština, català, مصرى, العربية, top, personal, special, recent, community, help, contribute, random, events, navigation, jump, content,

Text of the page (random words):
abic numerals wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 origin 2 other names 3 numerals 4 contemporary use 5 see also 6 notes 7 references 8 external links toggle the table of contents eastern arabic numerals 25 languages العربية مصرى català čeština español فارسی français עברית हिन्दी bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 bahasa melayu plattdüütsch norsk bokmål polski português русский svenska ไทย türkçe українська اردو 粵語 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikibooks wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia numerals used in the eastern arab world and asia for western arabic numerals see arabic numerals part of a series on numeral systems place value notation hindu arabic numerals western arabic eastern arabic bengali devanagari gujarati gurmukhi odia sinhala tamil malayalam telugu kannada dzongkha tibetan balinese burmese javanese khmer lao mongolian sundanese thai other systems history ancient babylonian post classical cistercian mayan muisca pentadic quipu rumi contemporary cherokee kaktovik iñupiaq by radix base common radices bases 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 11 12 16 20 60 non standard radices bases bijective 1 signed digit balanced ternary mixed factorial negative complex 2 i non integer φ asymmetric sign value notation non alphabetic contemporary east asian chinese hokkien suzhou japanese korean vietnamese historic east asian counting rods tangut other non alphabetic aegean attic aztec brahmi chuvash egyptian etruscan kharosthi prehistoric counting proto cuneiform roman tally marks alphabetic abjad armenian alphasyllabic akṣarapallī āryabhaṭa kaṭapayādi coptic cyrillic geʽez georgian glagolitic greek hebrew list of numeral systems v t e evolution of indian numerals into arabic and eastern arabic numerals along with their adoption in europe the eastern arabic numerals also called indo arabic numerals or arabic indic numerals as designated by unicode are the symbols used to represent numerical digits in conjunction with the arabic script in the countries of the mashriq the east of the arab world including the arabian peninsula and the variants in other countries that use the persian numerals in greater iran and asia the early hindu arabic numeral system used a variety of shapes 1 it is unknown when the western arabic numeral shapes diverged from those of eastern arabic numerals the western digits 1 2 3 4 5 and 9 are clearly related but the origins of 6 7 and 8 are obscure 2 origin edit the numeral system originates from an ancient indian numeral system which was reintroduced to whom when during the islamic golden age in the book on the calculation with hindic numerals written by the persian mathematician and engineer al khwarizmi whose name was latinized as algoritmi note 1 other names edit these numbers are known as ʾarqām mašriqiyya أَرْقَام مَشْرِقِيَّة or ʾarqām hindiyya أَرْقَام هِنْدِيَّة in arabic they are sometimes also called indic numerals 3 or arabic indic numerals 4 in english however that is sometimes discouraged as it can lead to confusion with devanagari numerals used in brahmic scripts of the indian subcontinent 5 numerals edit see also modern arabic mathematical notation eastern arabic numerals on a clock in the cairo metro each numeral in the persian variant has a different unicode point even if it looks identical to the eastern arabic numeral counterpart 6 however the variants used with urdu and other languages of south asia are not encoded separately from the persian variants western arabic 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eastern arabic a ٠ ١ ٢ ٣ ٤ ٥ ٦ ٧ ٨ ٩ ١٠ persian b ۴ ۵ ۶ urdu c ۴ ۶ ۷ abjad numerals ا ب جـ د ھ و ز حـ ط ى written numerals are arranged with their lowest value digit to the right with higher value positions added to the left that is identical to the arrangement used for western arabic numerals even though arabic script is read from right to left 7 columns of numbers are usually arranged with the decimal points aligned in arabic negative signs are written to the right of magnitudes e g ٣ 3 in persian they are written to the left e g ٣ eastern arabic letters and numerals on the license plate of a car in iran which reads 82n712 11 in line fractions are written with the numerator on the left and the denominator on the right of the fraction slash e g ٢ ٧ 2 7 the arabic decimal separator u 066b or the comma is used as the decimal mark as in ٣ ١٤١٥٩٢٦٥٣٥٨ 3 14159265358 the arabic thousands separator u 066c or quote or arabic comma u 060c may be used as a thousands separator e g ١ ٠٠٠ ٠٠٠ ٠٠٠ 1 000 000 000 contemporary use edit urdu numeral ۴ 4 urdu numeral ۷ 7 eastern arabic numerals are predominantly used over western arabic numerals in many countries to the east of the arab world notably iran and afghanistan both eastern and western arabic numerals are concurrently used and are often employed alongside each other across arabic speaking asia egypt and sudan although western arabic numerals are increasingly favoured in the region particularly in saudi arabia the united arab emirates uses both eastern and western arabic numerals in pakistan western arabic numerals are more extensively used digitally eastern numerals continue to see use in urdu publications and newspapers as well as signboards clarification needed in the maghreb only western arabic numerals are commonly used today in medieval times this region used a slightly different variation of the system from which via italy western arabic numerals derive the thaana writing system used for the maldivian language adopted its first nine letters haa shaviyani noonu raa baa ihaviyani kaafu alifu and vaavu from perso arabic numerals 8 see also edit mathematics portal language portal linguistics portal arabic numerals abjad numerals notes edit other latin transliterations include algaurizin citation needed u 0660 to u 0669 u 06f0 to u 06f9 the numbers 4 5 and 6 are different from eastern arabic same unicode characters as the persian but language is set to urdu the numerals 4 6 and 7 are different from persian on some devices this row may appear identical to persian commonly used in urdu but other pakistani languages may use persian shapes for 4 or 7 references edit kunitzsch paul 2003 the transmission of hindu arabic numerals reconsidered in j p hogendijk a i sabra eds the enterprise of science in islam new perspectives mit press pp 3 22 isbn 978 0 262 19482 2 kunitzsch paul 2003 the transmission of hindu arabic numerals reconsidered in j p hogendijk a i sabra eds the enterprise of science in islam new perspectives mit press pp 3 22 isbn 978 0 262 19482 2 glossary of unicode terms ibm retrieved 2 september 2015 arabic indic numerals أرقام هندية learn arabic with polly lingual pollylingu al retrieved 2023 03 15 glossary retrieved 2 september 2015 about numbers in iran 2021 01 25 persian numbers en us menninger karl 1992 number words and number symbols a cultural history of numbers courier dover publications p 415 isbn 0 486 27096 3 gippert jost 2013 chen shu fen slade benjamin eds an outline of the history of maldivian writing pdf grammatica et verba glamor and verve studies in south asian historical and indo europea linguistics in honor o hans henrich hock on the occasion of his seventy fifth birthday ann arbor beech stave press 96 98 isbn 978 0 9895142 0 0 oclc 852488593 via maldives national university cite journal cs1 maint periodical has isbn link external links edit media related to eastern arabic numerals at wikimedia commons links to related articles v t e sanskrit influence zone greater india indosphere mandala model mode of spread sociology linguistic sanskritism language vedic buddhist hybrid grammar nouns pronouns compounds verbs vedic grammar prosody scripts origin brahmi script later development devanagari nandinagari nagari script spread of usage bangla script newar script gujarati script kawi script odia script suyat family of scripts writings literature buddhist literature drama epics historic texts legendary creatures poets vyākaraṇa current usage sanskrit mottos of universities in india loanwords english hindi indonesian tagalog malay inscriptions modern status revival studies academic institutes outside india universities in india wikipedia world sanskrit day world sanskrit conference v t e arabic language overviews language alphabet history romanization numerals influence on other languages scripts nabataean script arabic script ancient north arabian ancient south arabian script arabic numerals eastern numerals arabic braille algerian braille maltese braille diacritics ijam tashkil harakat nunation tanwin shaddah hamza dagger alif maltese alphabet letters alif ba ta tha gim ḥa kha dal dhal ra zay sin shin ṣad ḍad ṭa ẓa ayn ghayn fa qaf kaf lam mim nun ha waw ya varieties pre islamic proto arabic nabataean arabic old arabic old hijazi arabic pre classical arabic literary classical modern standard modern spoken maghrebi pre hilalian andalusi sicilian maltese australian cottenera gozitan qormi żejtun żurrieqi urban ceuta tunis north eastern tunisian fessi village eastern sahili sahel sfaxian jijel lesser kabylia western traras msirda jebli mountain judeo maghrebi judeo moroccan judeo tripolitanian judeo tunisian hilalian central hilal algerian judeo algerian algerian saharan eastern algerian eastern hilal tunisian maqil hassaniya nemadi moroccan eastern western western algerian sulaym libyan western egyptian bedawi nile valley egyptian saʽidi sudanese levantine north cilician lebanese syrian aleppine damascene south jordanian palestinian mesopotamian gilit baghdadi khuzestani shawi south north qeltu anatolian cypriot judeo iraqi baghdadi peninsular bahrani bareqi bedawi dhofari gulf bahraini emirati kuwaiti khamseh qatari hejazi k group yafiʽi najdi omani shihhi yemeni hadhrami indonesian sanʽani taʽizzi adeni tihami judeo yemeni others central asian bactrian bukhara kashkadarya khorasani shirvani chadian nigerian sociological bedouin arabic judeo arabic judeo algerian judeo egyptian judeo iraqi baghdadi judeo moroccan kjal wqal judeo palestinian judeo syrian judeo tripolitanian judeo tunisian tunisene judeo yemeni adeni beda habban sanʽani creoles and pidgins bimbashi bongor gulf pidgin jordanian bengali pidgin juba maridi nubi pidgin madam turku academic literature names linguistics standard arabic phonology sun and moon letters tajwid imala irab case grammar triliteral root mater lectionis ipa quranic arabic corpus calligraphy script ajami script diwani hijazi script jawi script jeli thuluth kairouani kufic maghrebi mashq muhaqqaq naskh script nastaliq rasm ruqʽa script shahmukhi sini script taliq script tawqi thuluth technical arabic keyboard arabic script in unicode iso iec 8859 6 windows 1256 ms dos codepages 708 709 710 711 720 864 macarabic encoding other islam and arabic language italics indicate extinct languages languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left category v t e persian language history proto indo european c 3000 bce proto indo iranian c 2000 bce proto iranian c 1500 bce old persian c 525 300 bce middle persian c 300 bce 800 ce new persian from 800 language families indo iranian languages iranian languages western iranian languages dialects and varieties standard persian iranian afghan tajik hazaragi aimaq kuwaiti persian tat judeo persian judeo tat juhuri bukhori sistani dehwari language features vocabulary nouns verbs phonology grammar persian grammar ezāfe silent vāv tajik grammar writing system old persian cuneiform pahlavi scripts persian alphabet persian calligraphy tajik alphabet romanized persian alphabet persian braille literature persian literature middle persian literature tajik literature organizations academy of persian language and literature academy of sciences of afghanistan rudaki institute of language and literature other topics list of english words of persian origin list of french loanwords in persian list of sanskrit arabic and persian roots in hindi list of countries and territories where persian is an official language persian and urdu persian language in the indian subcontinent v t e urdu hindustani history alphabet grammar phonology vocabulary nastaliq braille varieties dialects standard urdu begamati dakhini dhakaiya hyderabadi judeo urdu kalkatiya karkhandari rekhta forms aurangabad urdu british urdu roman urdu urdish politics urdu movement hindi urdu controversy arts awards literature informatics cinema poetry music writers poets progressive writers movement uddin begum romanisation related topics urdu dictionary board delhi urdu academy uttar pradesh urdu academy bihar urdu academy haryana urdu akademi anjuman i taraqqi i urdu new delhi and karachi anjuman e taraqqi e urdu bihar federal urdu university karachi and islamabad campuses urdu language authority islamabad maulana azad national urdu university hyderabad india osmania university hyderabad india aligarh muslim university portals mathematics language linguistics retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title eastern_arabic_numerals oldid 1375657093 category numerals hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata pages using sidebar with the child parameter all articles with specifically marked weasel worded phrases articles with specifically marked weasel worded phrases from august 2025 all articles with vague or ambiguous time vague or ambiguous time from august 2025 all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from august 2015 articles containing arabic language text articles containing persian language text articles containing urdu language text pages using multiple image with auto scaled images wikipedia articles needing clarification from december 2020 cs1 maint periodical has isbn commons category link is on wikidata this page was last edited on 19 september 2026 at 04 32 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the ta...