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eastern orthodoxy in europe wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 eastern orthodox majority countries 2 eastern orthodox minority countries 3 see also 4 references 5 sources toggle the table of contents eastern orthodoxy in europe 3 languages العربية ελληνικά українська edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia presence of eastern orthodoxy christianity in europe part of a series on the eastern orthodox church mosaic of christ pantocrator hagia sophia overview structure theology history of theology liturgy church history holy mysteries view of salvation view of mary view of icons background crucifixion resurrection ascension of jesus christianity christian church apostolic succession four marks of the church orthodoxy organization autonomy autocephaly patriarchate ecumenical patriarch episcopal polity canon law clergy bishops priests deacons monasticism degrees bratstvo autocephalous jurisdictions autocephalous churches who are officially part of the communion constantinople alexandria antioch jerusalem russia serbia romania bulgaria georgia cyprus greece poland albania czech lands and slovakia autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous churches de jure america north macedonia autocephaly and canonicity recognized by constantinople and 3 other autocephalous churches ukraine ocu spiritual independence recognized by georgian orthodox church ukraine uoc autonomous jurisdictions sinai jp finland ep estonia ep japan mp china mp americas rp bessarabia rp moldova mp semi autonomous crete ep estonia mp rocor mp episcopal assemblies australia new zealand and oceania austria belgium holland and luxembourg canada france germany great britain and ireland italy and malta latin america scandinavia spain and portugal switzerland and liechtenstein united states of america noncanonical jurisdictions old believers spiritual christianity true orthodoxy catacomb church old calendarists american orthodox catholic church american world patriarchs national churches abkhazia belarus latvia montenegro turkey uoc kp evangelical orthodox phyletism ecumenical councils first seven ecumenical councils nicaea i constantinople i ephesus chalcedon constantinople ii constantinople iii nicaea ii other possible ecumenical councils constantinople iv constantinople v other important councils quinisext council jassy moscow jerusalem constantinople 1872 history church fathers pentarchy byzantine empire christianization of georgia christianization of bulgaria christianization of kievan rus great schism russia ottoman empire north america moscow constantinople schism 15th 16th c 1996 2018 theology history of eastern orthodox theology 20th century neo palamism apophaticism chrismation contemplative prayer essence vs energies hesychasm holy trinity hypostatic union icons metousiosis mystical theology nicene creed nepsis oikonomia vs akribeia ousia palamism philokalia phronema sin theosis theotokos differences from the catholic church opposition to the filioque opposition to papal supremacy liturgy and worship divine liturgy divine services akathist apolytikion artos ectenia euchologion holy water iconostasis jesus prayer aprakos kontakion liturgical entrances liturgical fans lity memorial service memory eternal omophorion eastern orthodox bowing eastern orthodox marriage praxis paraklesis paschal greeting paschal homily paschal troparion prayer rope prosphora russian bell ringing semantron sign of the cross sticheron troparion vestments use of incense liturgical calendar paschal cycle 12 great feasts other feasts feast of orthodoxy intercession of the theotokos the four fasting periods nativity fast great lent apostles fast dormition fast major figures saints russian until 15th century russian post 15th century serbian american justin martyr athanasius of alexandria ephraim the syrian basil of caesarea cyril of jerusalem gregory of nazianzus gregory of nyssa john chrysostom cyril of alexandria john climacus maximus the confessor john of damascus theodore the studite kassia cyril and methodius photius i of constantinople vladimir the great sava i of serbia gregory palamas innocent of alaska other topics architecture folk encyclical of the eastern patriarchs cross saint titles statistics by country v t e eastern orthodoxy in europe image reference needed eastern orthodoxy constitutes the second largest christian denomination in europe eastern orthodox christians are predominantly present in eastern and southeastern europe and they are also significantly represented in diaspora throughout the continent the term eastern orthodox europe is informally used to describe the predominantly eastern orthodox countries of belarus bulgaria cyprus georgia greece moldova montenegro north macedonia romania russia serbia and ukraine eastern orthodox majority countries edit eastern orthodoxy in moldova 94 3 2024 census 1 eastern orthodoxy in greece 90 2022 est 2 eastern orthodoxy in georgia 83 4 2014 census 3 eastern orthodoxy in serbia 81 1 2022 census 4 eastern orthodoxy in cyprus 74 5 2021 census 5 eastern orthodoxy in romania 73 4 2021 census 6 eastern orthodoxy in belarus 73 3 2011 est 7 eastern orthodoxy in ukraine 72 2022 est 8 eastern orthodoxy in montenegro 71 1 2023 census 9 eastern orthodoxy in bulgaria 62 7 2021 census 10 eastern orthodoxy in russia 61 2026 est 11 eastern orthodoxy in north macedonia 46 1 2021 census 12 eastern orthodox minority countries edit eastern orthodoxy in bosnia and herzegovina 30 7 2013 census 13 eastern orthodoxy in estonia 16 3 2021 census 14 eastern orthodoxy in latvia 13 3 2019 est 15 eastern orthodoxy in albania 7 2 2023 census 16 eastern orthodoxy in austria 4 9 2021 census 17 eastern orthodoxy in lithuania 4 4 2021 census 18 eastern orthodoxy in slovenia 3 7 2019 est 19 eastern orthodoxy in croatia 3 3 2021 census 20 eastern orthodoxy in italy 3 2023 est 21 eastern orthodoxy in germany 1 5 2024 est 22 eastern orthodoxy in finland 1 2025 census 23 see also edit christianity portal europe portal religion portal byzantine commonwealth references edit rezultatele finale ale recensământului populației și locuințelor 2024 caracteristici etnoculturale ale populației statistica md in romanian 2025 10 21 retrieved 2025 10 21 https www state gov reports 2022 report on international religious freedom greece საქართველოს მოსახლეობის საყოველთაო აღწერის საბოლოო შედეგები pdf national statistics office of georgia 28 april 2016 archived from the original pdf on 5 february 2017 retrieved 29 april 2016 2022 census of population mother tongue religion and ethnic affiliation statistical office of the republic of serbia population enumerated by religion sex and citizenship group 1 10 2021 rezultatele parțiale ale recensământului din 2022 privind situația religiei în românia 30 december 2022 generations and gender survey 2020 belarus wave 1 ggpsurvey ined fr archived from the original on 2022 10 16 retrieved 2019 08 25 https kiis com ua lang eng cat reports id 1129 census of population households and dwellings in montenegro 2023 pdf monstat retrieved 15 october 2024 преброяване 2021 етнокултурна характеристика на населението 2021 census ethnocultural characteristics of the population pdf archived pdf from the original on 24 november 2022 русская православная церковь russian orthodox church public opinion foundation in russian 2026 retrieved april 11 2026 попис на населението домаќинствата и становите во република северна македонија 2021 прв сет на податоци in macedonian archived from the original on 30 march 2022 census of population households and dwellings in bosnia and herzegovina 2013 final results pdf agency for statistics of bosnia and herzegovina june 2016 archived from the original pdf on 30 june 2016 retrieved 1 july 2016 https andmed stat ee en stat rahvaloendus__rel2021__rahvastiku demograafilised ja etno kultuurilised naitajad__usk rl21451 ziņojums par tieslietu ministrijā iesniegtajiem reliģisko organizāciju pārskatiem par darbību 2019 gadā in latvian 2019 retrieved 29 july 2023 religious belief data what are the results of the 2023 census 28 june 2024 religionszugehörigkeit 2021 drei viertel bekennen sich zu einer religion 2021 religious affiliation three fourths profess a religion pdf with comparative data from the censuses from 1951 to 2021 archived pdf from the original on 4 august 2022 population by religious community indicated municipalities 2021 in lithuanian statistics lithuania retrieved 2 january 2022 special eurobarometer 493 european union european commission september 2019 pages 229 230 ec europa eu retrieved 2020 10 03 share of croats in croatia increases as census results published 22 september 2022 archived from the original on 2023 04 24 retrieved 2022 09 25 https cesnur com dimensioni del pluralismo religioso in italia religionszugehörigkeiten 2024 religious denominations 2024 fowid de in german fowid de worldviews in germany research group 2 april 2025 retrieved 5 april 2025 https pxdata stat fi pxweb pxweb en statfin statfin__vaerak statfin_vaerak_pxt_11rx px sources edit victoria clark 21 november 2011 why angels fall a journey through orthodox europe from byzantium to kosovo pan macmillan isbn 978 1 4472 1639 1 jonathan shepard 2007 the expansion of orthodox europe byzantium the balkans and russia ashgate variorum isbn 978 0 7546 5920 4 jonathan sutton william peter van den bercken 2003 orthodox christianity and contemporary europe selected papers of the international conference held at the university of leeds england in june 2001 peeters publishers pp 92 isbn 978 90 429 1266 3 alexandru duţu 1 january 1998 political models and national identities in orthodox europe babel isbn 978 973 48 1042 0 kiminas demetrius 2009 the ecumenical patriarchate a history of its metropolitanates with annotated hierarch catalogs wildside press llc isbn 9781434458766 obolensky dimitri 1974 1971 the byzantine commonwealth eastern europe 500 1453 london cardinal isbn 9780351176449 ostrogorsky george 1956 history of the byzantine state oxford basil blackwell v t e eastern orthodox church autocephalous and autonomous churches of eastern orthodoxy autocephalous churches four ancient patriarchates constantinople bartholomew i alexandria theodore ii antioch john x jerusalem theophilos iii junior patriarchates russia a kirill serbia porfirije bulgaria daniil romania daniel georgia shio iii autocephalous archdioceses metropolises cyprus george greece ieronymos ii albania john poland sawa czech lands and slovakia rastislav america b tikhon ukraine b epiphanius ohrid b stefan autonomous churches sinai jerusalem patriarchate finland ecumenical patriarchate estonian aoc ecumenical patriarchate b estonian coc moscow patriarchate b japan moscow patriarchate b china moscow patriarchate b ukraine moscow patriarchate c americas romanian patriarchate bessarabia romanian patriarchate b moldova moscow patriarchate b semi autonomous churches crete ecumenical patriarchate russian orthodox church outside of russia moscow patriarchate d north america antiochian patriarchate diaspora assemblies australia new zealand and oceania austria belgium holland and luxembourg canada france germany great britain and ireland italy and malta latin america scandinavia spain and portugal switzerland and liechtenstein united states of america history apostles in the new testament first seven ecumenical councils church fathers great church state church of the roman empire east west schism raskol old believers catacomb church old calendarists moscow constantinople schisms 15th 16th c 1996 2018 liturgy byzantine rite liturgy of saint john chrysostom liturgy of saint basil liturgy of saint james liturgy of saint mark western rite other unrecognized eastern orthodox churches eastern orthodoxy by country canon law of the eastern orthodox church christianity portal the roc severed full communion with the ecumenical patriarchate in 2018 and later severed full communion with the primates of the church of greece the patriarchate of alexandria and the church of cyprus in 2020 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 autocephaly or autonomy is not universally recognized uoc mp has moved to formally cut ties with the roc as of 27 may 2022 semi autonomous part of the russian orthodox church whose autonomy is not universally recognized v t e eastern orthodoxy in europe sovereign states albania andorra armenia austria azerbaijan belarus belgium bosnia and herzegovina bulgaria croatia cyprus czech republic denmark estonia finland france georgia germany greece hungary iceland ireland italy kazakhstan latvia liechtenstein lithuania luxembourg malta moldova monaco montenegro netherlands north macedonia norway poland portugal romania russia san marino serbia slovakia slovenia spain sweden switzerland turkey ukraine united kingdom states with limited recognition abkhazia kosovo northern cyprus south ossetia transnistria retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title eastern_orthodoxy_in_europe oldid 1358849517 category eastern orthodoxy in europe hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from november 2022 cs1 romanian language sources ro cs1 russian language sources ru cs1 macedonian language sources mk cs1 latvian language sources lv cs1 lithuanian language sources lt cs1 german language sources de this page was last edited on 11 june 2026 at 10 54 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents eastern orthodoxy in europe 3 languages add topic