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1 63 twh primary energy supply is national production net imports supply for international aviation and shipping stock changes 11 it includes energy losses such as 2 3 for nuclear power 12 gross production imports exports losses exclude emissions from non energy co2 calculation criteria changed numbers updated energy plan edit sweden s energy plan is to have 65 of energy produced by renewables by 2030 and 100 by 2040 13 energy sources edit renewable energy edit years in which the last three renewable power levels achieved achievement year achievement year achievement year 45 2009 50 2015 55 2020 9 renewable energy includes wind solar biomass and geothermal energy sources within the context of the european union s 2009 renewables directive sweden was working towards reaching a 49 share of renewable energy in gross final consumption of energy electricity heating cooling and transportation by 2020 14 eurostat reported that sweden had already exceeded the directive s 2020 target in 2014 15 reaching 52 6 of total final energy consumption provided by renewables up from 38 7 in 2004 16 this makes sweden the leading country within the eu 28 group in terms of renewable energy use by share followed by finland and latvia at 38 7 austria at 33 1 and denmark on 29 2 16 the two other signatories of the directive iceland and norway remain ahead of sweden at 77 1 and 69 2 respectively 16 the 2014 52 6 overall share of final energy consumption in sweden breaks down as renewable energy providing the following shares to each sector 68 1 of the heating and cooling sector 63 3 of the electricity sector and 19 2 of the transport sector 17 the share of renewable electricity use is high in sweden hydro wind and solar power together accounted for 49 8 of the electricity produced in the country in 2014 when measured against national electricity consumption the share rises to 55 5 18 since 2003 sweden has supported renewable energy in the electricity sector with a green electricity certificate obligation for retail power suppliers 19 20 as of 2015 update the plan of the certificate system was to support 25 twh of new renewable electricity generation by 2020 21 in june 2016 the swedish centre left minority coalition government reached a cross party energy deal with three opposition parties the moderate party centre party sweden and christian democrats sweden with the agreement targeting 100 renewable electricity production by 2040 22 23 in 2013 renewable energy investment was more than us 1 billion in sweden 24 wind power edit main article wind power in sweden historical electricity production by source wind power accounted for 10 of the electricity generated in sweden in 2015 up from 5 in 2012 and 2 4 in 2010 25 26 27 28 sweden has wind power potential of 510 twh a at land and 46 twh a at sea 29 consumption was 140 twh of power in 2010 in 2013 sweden was second top country for wind power capacity per inhabitant in the world 488 w per person only surpassed by denmark 863 w per person 30 in correlation one must note that swedish use of energy per inhabitant is much higher than average in europe solar power edit cumulative solar pv capacity in sweden reached 4 8 gw in 2024 up from 0 14 gw in 2016 31 solar power accounted for 2 1 of sweden s electricity generation in 2024 up from less than 0 1 in 2010 32 in 2023 sweden s largest solar park was an 18mw facility in skurup built by solar developer alight ab which produces energy for martin servera 33 in september 2025 hultsfred solar farm in småland with 100 mwp started operation 34 wave power edit sweden has a wave power station outside lysekil run by uppsala university the wave energy research group at uppsala university study and develop all different aspects of wave energy ranging from power systems and generators to hydrodynamical modelling and environmental impact of wave energy parks 35 corpower ocean s c4 buoy is a 100 ton wave power system it was the first to pass the strictest safety test it is a teardrop shaped buoy 9 m 30 ft wide 18 m 59 ft tall and weighs around 100 tonnes 110 tons c4 is tethered to the bottom wavesprint is the phase control system it works like a spring that amplifies the ocean s swells in calm water it can triple the energy captured during storms the system lets the waves pass allowing the buoy to survive swells up to 18 5 m 61 ft undamaged 36 hydroelectric power edit main article hydroelectric power in sweden see also list of hydroelectric power stations in sweden hydroelectric power accounts for more than half of sweden s electricity production more than 1900 hydroelectric power stations operate across the country forty five produce 100 mw and over 17 produce 200 mw and over and 5 produce 400 mw and over the largest station the harsprånget hydroelectric power station is located on the upper lule river and has a maximum production capacity of 977 mw the lule river is also the most productive river with almost 18 of the swedish installed capacity almost all of the medium to large plants are located in northern sweden fossil fuels edit coal ceased to be used for electricity production in 2020 37 most of sweden including stockholm have no piped natural gas 38 biofuels edit further information biofuel in sweden sweden aims for a fossil fuel free vehicle fleet by 2030 39 sweden published the sustainability criteria for biofuels 2011 which consider the areas with high biological values to be protected in respect to fuels production the feedstock origin used for production of bioliquids in sweden during 2011 was sweden 49 the netherlands 17 united states 17 finland 6 belgium 3 and other 8 brazil malaysia and russia palm oil is often pointed out as a dirty feed stock for biofuels none of the swedish companies used palm oil in 2011 the largest share of feedstock for bioliquids comes from the forest industry in the form of tall oil pitch tall oil and methanol 40 in 2013 the bus fleets in more than a dozen cities relied entirely on biomethane local plants produced more than 60 of the total biomethane used in swedish natural gas vehicles and more filling stations were opened in 2012 and 2013 göteborg energi gothenburg energy has a 20 mw facility that gasifies forest residues and then converts the synthesis gases hydrogen and carbon monoxide into biomethane 41 thermal and nuclear edit nuclear is dominating in this sector the other operational plants are in almost all cases fueled with renewable fuels oil plants are few and are either decommissioned or used as a reserve nuclear power edit main article nuclear power in sweden more than 35 of the swedish electricity is produced by 6 nuclear reactors spread out on three power stations ringhals nuclear power plant 2 pressurized water reactor 3 1 gw oskarshamn nuclear power plant 1 bwr the largest bwr reactor in the world by energy output 1 5 gw forsmark nuclear power plant 3 bwrs 3 2 gw before 2005 there were 12 reactors but two bwr reactors 1 2 gw at the barsebäck nuclear power plant were decommissioned in 1999 and 2005 two bwr reactors at the oskarshamn nuclear power plant were decommissioned in 2015 and 2017 1 1 gw one pwr reactor was decommissioned at the ringhals nuclear power plant in 2019 1 8 gw 42 on 31 december 2020 the r1 reactor was permanently shut down 43 decommissioning and waste storage edit sweden is preparing to dismantle and demolish six large nuclear power reactors on three sites in coming years 42 it is also working on plans to provide long term storage of high level waste 44 the total cost of spent fuel storage and decommissioning is estimated at sek147 billion around 14 billion about sek53 billion around 5 billion has been spent to date this excludes the costs of near surface disposal facilities for very low level waste at ringhals oskarshamn and forsmark 42 the majority of low and intermediate level waste will be disposed of in a shallow geological repository for short lived waste at forsmark 42 the country is also exploring the use of transmutation to reduce waste radiotoxicity with little success 45 policies to curb carbon emissions edit main article climate change in sweden development of carbon dioxide emissions according to energy information administration the co 2 emissions from energy consumption of sweden were in 2009 54 77 mt slightly below finland 54 86 mt despite the difference in population 46 the emissions per capita were in sweden 5 58 and in finland 9 93 tonnes per capita in 2009 47 carbon tax edit in january 1991 sweden enacted a carbon tax of sek 250 per 1000 kg 40 at the time or eur 27 at current rates on the use of oil coal natural gas liquefied petroleum gas petrol and aviation fuel used in domestic travel industrial users paid half the rate between 1993 and 1997 25 and preferred industries such as commercial horticulture mining manufacturing and pulp and paper were exempted entirely as a result the tax only covers around 40 of sweden s carbon emissions 48 the rate was raised to sek 365 60 in 1997 49 and sek 930 in 2007 50 according to a 2019 study the tax was instrumental in substantially reducing sweden s carbon dioxide emissions 51 the tax is also credited by swedish society for nature conservation climate change expert emma lindberg and university of lund professor thomas johansson with spurring a significant move from hydrocarbon fuels to biomass lindberg said it was the one major reason that steered society towards climate friendly solutions it made polluting more expensive and focused people on finding energy efficient solutions 52 53 see also edit wikimedia commons has media related to energy in sweden electricity sector in sweden wind power in sweden biofuel in sweden sweden national renewable energy action plan nordic energy market renewable energy in norway renewable energy in finland renewable energy in denmark renewable energy by country sysav waste to energy plant references edit our world in data 20 june 2024 share of electricity generated by low carbon sources sweden retrieved 7 july 2024 jean paul harreman clement bouilloux montel group 5 february 2024 european power exports analysis france returns to top spot retrieved 7 july 2024 jordan cheung earth org 4 march 2022 carbon pricing and carbon tax in sweden retrieved 7 july 2024 eurostat 27 february 2024 renewable energy for heating cooling up to 25 in 2022 retrieved 7 july 2024 carolina yang stockholm environment institute 31 may 2023 accelerating sweden s climate action in transportation retrieved 7 july 2024 international energy agency 2024 energy system of sweden retrieved 7 july 2024 our world in data 20 june 2024 per capita co 2 emissions sweden world retrieved 7 july 2024 eurostat 3 january 2024 renewable energy statistics retrieved 7 july 2024 1 2 energy consumption in sweden 2020 iea key world energy statistics statistics 2019 archived 31 december 2019 at the wayback machine 2017 2015 archived 4 march 2016 at the wayback machine 2014 2012r as in november 2015 archived 5 april 2015 at the wayback machine 2012 as in march 2014 is comparable to previous years statistical calculation criteria 2013 archived 2 september 2014 at the wayback machine 2012 archived 9 march 2013 at the wayback machine 2011 archived 27 october 2011 at the wayback machine 2010 archived 11 october 2010 at the wayback machine 2009 archived 7 october 2013 at the wayback machine 2006 archived 12 october 2009 at the wayback machine iea october crude oil p 11 coal p 13 gas p 15 balances definitions total primary energy supply energy in sweden 2010 archived 16 october 2013 at the wayback machine facts and figures the swedish energy agency table 8 losses in nuclear power stations table 9 nuclear power brutto summary of the commission assessment of the draft national energy and climate plan 2021 2030 pdf retrieved 17 august 2023 sweden grantham institute climate change and environment 30 october 2015 retrieved 2 april 2016 eu renewables usage shows steady increase economist intelligence unit 16 march 2016 retrieved 2 april 2016 1 2 3 eurostat news release february 2016 ec europa eu retrieved 10 january 2018 european commission energy 2015 progress reports sweden ec europa eu retrieved 10 january 2018 swedish energy agency 30 november 2015 electricity supply and use 2001 2014 gwh statistics sweden archived from the original on 16 march 2016 retrieved 2 april 2016 energy use in sweden swedish institute 22 january 2016 archived from the original on 24 september 2019 retrieved 2 april 2016 sweden the electricity certificate system international energy agency 11 march 2014 retrieved 2 april 2016 the electricity certificate system swedish energy agency 20 october 2015 retrieved 2 april 2016 support for renewables concessions for nuclear in energy deal sr international radio sweden 10 june 2016 retrieved 23 january 2017 william steel 16 june 2016 analysis mixed picture for wind as sweden plots all renewable route recharge retrieved 23 january 2017 renewables 2014 global status report page 70 pdf ren21 net significant increase in energy from wind power archived 19 april 2012 at the wayback machine the swedish energy agency energiläget i siffror 2014 18 sveriges elproduktion per kraftslag och total elanvändning 1970 2012 electricity supply and use 2001 2015 gwh statistics sweden 30 november 2016 retrieved 6 february 2017 atle staalesen 23 august 2016 sweden is europe s quickest growing on wind power the independent barents observer retrieved 6 february 2017 the advanced energy r evolution a sustainable energy outlook for sweden pdf greenpeace org archived from the original pdf on 5 march 2016 retrieved 10 january 2018 renewables 2014 global status report page 56 pdf ren21 net retrieved 10 january 2018 grid connected solar installations number and installed power from 2016 swedish energy agency 4 november 2025 retrieved 26 november 2025 share of electricity production from solar sweden our world in data 27 june 2025 retrieved 26 november 2025 om solenergi svensk solenergi 2022 retrieved 13 january 2023 morvant christophe 3 september 2025 neoen and alight inaugurate sweden s largest solar park in hultsfred 100 mwp neoen retrieved 22 september 2025 wave power department of engineering science archived from the original on 24 march 2019 retrieved 11 june 2018 kardoudi omar 21 july 2026 100 ton buoy earns world first wave energy certification new atlas retrieved 26 july 2026 sweden adds name to growing list of coal free states in europe 21 april 2020 sweden without gas 2 june 2015 renewables 2014 global status report page 29 pdf ren21 net retrieved 10 january 2018 sustainable bioliquids 2011 webbshop cm se retrieved 10 january 2018 cite web cs1 maint deprecated archival service link renewables 2014 global status report page 35 37 pdf ren21 net retrieved 10 january 2018 1 2 3 4 gillin kristina 27 february 2020 nuclear decommissioning in sweden a priority for the 2020s ns energy retrieved 3 june 2020 sweden s ringhals 1 closes for last time world nuclear news 31 de...