Meta tags:

Headings (most frequently used words):

patent, and, european, with, effect, validity, cooperation, agreements, convention, contents, history, legal, nature, content, substantive, law, unified, prosecution, phase, opposition, grant, need, for, translations, enforcement, term, duration, of, relation, the, treaty, see, also, notes, references, further, reading, external, links, non, contracting, states, extension, validation, unitary, infringement,

Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (480), patent (220), #european (195), and (135), epc (116), article (88), for (63), treaties (61), convention (55), states (51), epo (51), national (47), office (47), property (42), law (42), patents (40), intellectual (39), contracting (38), may (33), from (33), are (33), with (31), october (31), application (28), that (28), not (27), grant (26), which (26), march (25), retrieved (24), state (23), edit (22), effect (21), july (21), under (19), january (19), archived (19), date (19), validation (18), pct (18), also (18), international (17), extension (17), unitary (17), appeal (17), opposition (17), 2015 (17), see (17), extended (16), agreement (16), procedure (16), 2022 (16), filing (16), its (16), one (16), infringement (16), legal (15), this (15), november (15), into (15), applications (15), filed (15), all (14), 2010 (14), language (13), december (13), granted (13), june (13), articles (12), subject (12), translation (12), protocol (12), french (11), wayback (11), force (11), case (11), designated (11), notes (11), wikipedia (10), was (10), netherlands (10), organisation (10), official (10), boards (10), proceedings (10), machine (10), can (10), but (10), countries (10), have (10), other (10), known (10), view (9), 2026 (9), 2013 (9), org (9), moldova (9), enforcement (9), 2019 (9), april (9), 2006 (9), original (9), within (9), agreements (9), however (9), validity (9), then (9), term (9), languages (8), text (8), san (8), marino (8), germany (8), republic (8), montenegro (8), unified (8), court (8), isbn (8), before (8), substantive (8), 2007 (8), section (8), has (8), each (8), only (8), 2017 (8), munich (8), treaty (8), union (8), these (8), those (8), cooperation (8), main (8), macedonia (7), 1973 (7), guidelines (7), revocation (7), council (7), february (7), further (7), route (7), any (7), invention (7), 2018 (7), 2009 (7), member (7), after (7), rights (7), such (7), some (7), claims (7), courts (7), history (7), non (6), 2025 (6), english (6), serbia (6), latvia (6), switzerland (6), albania (6), 1977 (6), decisions (6), 978 (6), examination (6), system (6), first (6), decision (6), 138 (6), provisions (6), methods (6), regulations (6), protection (6), islands (6), two (6), phase (6), 2004 (6), toggle (5), use (5), page (5), need (5), links (5), slovenia (5), malta (5), north (5), monaco (5), liechtenstein (5), italy (5), ireland (5), united (5), kingdom (5), france (5), belgium (5), tunisia (5), morocco (5), georgia (5), upc (5), parties (5), 2000 (5), singer (5), stauder (5), 2020 (5), newsletter (5), pdf (5), september (5), provides (5), reasons (5), 2012 (5), justice (5), same (5), 2024 (5), implementing (5), august (5), special (5), meaning (5), jurisdiction (5), except (5), party (5), signed (5), field (5), particular (5), does (5), means (5), regional (5), proprietor (5), been (5), content (5), prosecution (5), interpretation (5), since (5), right (5), inventions (5), commonly (5), contents (4), search (4), terms (4), german (4), british (4), description (4), turkey (4), sweden (4), romania (4), norway (4), luxembourg (4), lithuania (4), iceland (4), croatia (4), greece (4), cyprus (4), laos (4), cambodia (4), committee (4), journal (4), relating (4), board (4), limitation (4), administrative (4), texts (4), 2008 (4), 1992 (4), information (4), translations (4), respect (4), time (4), animal (4), excluded (4), patentability (4), period (4), disclosure (4), 2023 (4), accedes (4), 1996 (4), even (4), more (4), than (4), priority (4), 269 (4), footnote (4), synopsis (4), territorial (4), situation (4), independent (4), cross (4), border (4), single (4), 2003 (4), entry (4), matter (4), patentable (4), must (4), nationally (4), group (4), what (4), during (4), though (4), industrial (4), required (4), file (4), procedures (4), requirements (4), 1978 (4), hide (4), move (4), sidebar (4), table (3), additional (3), apply (3), using (3), site (3), trademark (3), organization (3), inc (3), sources (3), new (3), slovakia (3), portugal (3), poland (3), hungary (3), finland (3), spain (3), estonia (3), denmark (3), west (3), czech (3), bulgaria (3), austria (3), entered (3), concluded (3), bosnia (3), herzegovina (3), third (3), london (3), fees (3), review (3), enlarged (3), revised (3), practical (3), procedural (3), sweet (3), maxwell (3), commentary (3), preamble (3), economic (3), ceasing (3), receiving (3), functions (3), closure (3), sentence (3), according (3), art (3), 123 (3), 1990 (3), specification (3), vii (3), diagnostic (3), human (3), body (3), limited (3), cases (3), iii (3), 9th (3), edition (3), research (3), service (3), opinion (3), point (3), nature (3), direct (3), rules (3), between (3), become (3), consulted (3), 40th (3), europe (3), staff (3), work (3), longchambon (3), plan (3), setting (3), year (3), considered (3), most (3), acts (3), incorrect (3), requested (3), applies (3), hong (3), kong (3), overseas (3), territories (3), applied (3), hague (3), character (3), pursuant (3), community (3), said (3), jurisdictions (3), person (3), out (3), above (3), remitted (3), held (3), etc (3), drawings (3), used (3), respective (3), participating (3), throughout (3), his (3), where (3), prescribed (3), publication (3), subsequently (3), centrally (3), exclusions (3), 1994 (3), 2002 (3), eurasian (3), tools (3), subsection (3), add (2), contact (2), about (2), privacy (2), policy (2), available (2), registered (2), last (2), categories (2), cs1 (2), updating (2), dates (2), short (2), wikidata (2), isle (2), man (2), antilles (2), business (2), software (2), practice (2), bulletin (2), related (2), version (2), including (2), external (2), guide (2), veronese (2), watchorn (2), margarete (2), dieter (2), 421 (2), 178 (2), volume (2), 2003a (2), granting (2), reading (2), ministry (2), development (2), tourism (2), web (2), via (2), 150 (2), elected (2), certain (2), brevets (2), relative (2), roche (2), nederland (2), primus (2), over (2), products (2), regarding (2), chapter (2), made (2), rule (2), limit (2), practised (2), relevant (2), 164 (2), 2016 (2), constitutes (2), paris (2), largely (2), based (2), solely (2), modelled (2), therefore (2), general (2), will (2), tunisie (2), updates (2), dated (2), act (2), now (2), ecj (2), pages (2), 1969 (2), aimed (2), had (2), strasbourg (2), 1949 (2), 1989 (2), president (2), berlin (2), sub (2), references (2), applicant (2), establishment (2), there (2), consistent (2), expression (2), refer (2), addition (2), rectification (2), designation (2), needs (2), furthermore (2), well (2), years (2), registration (2), possible (2), region (2), crown (2), dependencies (2), commonwealth (2), branch (2), very (2), consider (2), seems (2), rather (2), tom (2), scourfield (2), bundle (2), until (2), true (2), namely (2), closed (2), through (2), conflict (2), prevail (2), relation (2), requires (2), regulatory (2), approval (2), supplementary (2), certificate (2), duration (2), entitled (2), specific (2), ground (2), resulting (2), post (2), amendments (2), carried (2), competent (2), limits (2), following (2), injunctions (2), covering (2), against (2), brussels (2), product (2), processes (2), parts (2), injunction (2), ownership (2), expressly (2), entirely (2), few (2), process (2), extent (2), conferred (2), determined (2), systems (2), attributes (2), common (2), exceptions (2), validated (2), another (2), avoid (2), shall (2), central (2), example (2), fee (2), confers (2), mention (2), later (2), effectively (2), possibility (2), types (2), months (2), lead (2), maintenance (2), litigation (2), level (2), judicial (2), prosecuted (2), they (2), three (2), includes (2), considerations (2), public (2), essentially (2), regarded (2), exhaustive (2), list (2), should (2), providing (2), inventive (2), step (2), complement (2), centralisation (2), privileges (2), immunities (2), recognition (2), detail (2), several (2), 1970 (2), enforceable (2), although (2), became (2), formalities (2), 2005 (2), diplomatic (2), conference (2), members (2), signature (2), initiated (2), wikisource (2), green (2), appearance (2), upload (2), changes (2), read (2), log (2), create (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), topic, mobile, cookie, statement, statistics, developers, code, conduct, safety, contacts, disclaimers, you, agree, profit, wikimedia, foundation, creative, commons, attribution, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, edited, utc, hidden, webarchive, template, dmy, written, matches, wallis, futuna, saint, pierre, miquelon, réunion, caledonia, mayotte, martinique, guadeloupe, southern, antarctic, lands, polynesia, guiana, clipperton, island, establishing, intergovernmental, organizations, czechoslovakia, https, index, php, title, european_patent_convention, oldid, 1378611315, israel, gnd, viaf, authority, control, databases, standing, advisory, sacepo, restitutio, integrum, representation, prohibition, reformatio, peius, observations, judges, symposium, round, eurotab, register, institute, epi, espacenet, epoline, divisional, topics, successful, petitions, 112a, opinions, book, petition, organs, founding, alphen, aan, den, rijn, kluwer, 9789403545011, visser, annotated, benkard, beckedorf, ingo, ehlers, jochen, eds, auflage, münchen, beck, 406, 76195, europäisches, patentübereinkommen, marcus, müller, cees, mulder, edward, elgar, publishing, 78471, 010, success, andrea, peter, kastner, 937082, professionals, candidates, qualifying, 2003b, 83170, thomson, 83150, gerald, paterson, van, empel, 1975, springer, 286, 0365, italian, opening, accession, closing, regular, conditions, instance, fiction, laurent, teyssedre, accessed, blog, droit, européen, des, nullité, tirée, motif, est, 539, gesellschaft, für, antriebstechnik, lamellen, und, kupplungsbau, beteiligungs, take, precedence, 299, fsr, 181, improver, corp, remington, southco, dzus, implementation, examining, division, admissible, 1920, breath, test, infai, 154, defined, grace, specified, breach, confidence, recognised, exhibition, simplifying, access, enters, ordinances, corresponds, operating, country, concerned, cover, remarks, takes, a105, enter, européens, accord, entre, oeb, entrera, vigueur, 1er, décembre, recognises, way, 39th, 396, 2011, notice, concerning, deposit, fifteenth, instrument, ratification, revision, joins, europa, britannica, 2021, tookey, martinus, nijhoff, publishers, 1971, 247, 1218, yearbook, bossung, otto, begun, iic, return, 218, summary, facts, submissions, rare, missed, successfully, obtained, usage, uses, authoritative, ended, still, performed, requesting, inventor, indeed, terminated, guid, update, faroe, greenland, anguilla, bermuda, virgin, cayman, falkland, gibraltar, guernsey, jersey, montserrat, turks, caicos, belize, fiji, grenada, guyana, kiribati, solomon, tuvalu, generally, explained, finally, sar, administration, 546, a97, ratified, presently, foreword_6, aruba, sint, maarten, curaçao, caribbean, actually, located, rijswijk, issues, convenient, turn, theoretical, reinforced, wrote, commenting, cipa, 535, forum, becomes, reality, likely, continue, elude, owners, gat, luk, breaks, appear, plausible, both, systematically, vienna, glossary, twelve, their, obtain, without, entering, obtaining, reopened, result, transition, stages, euro, give, being, actual, designating, necessarily, earlier, compensate, pre, marketing, spc, eea, improper, pretending, raise, nullity, persons, broadened, extends, beyond, permit, skilled, grounds, invalidity, specifies, standards, late, 1990s, issued, interpreting, enforced, unavoidable, infringements, litigated, lawsuit, companies, attached, constitute, indirect, divided, equivalents, extraterritorial, outside, making, exports, assembly, infringing, whole, remedies, bad, faith, damages, attorney, civil, penalties, wilful, equitable, defences, coexistence, daughter, identical, assignment, extensions, interventions, patented, primarily, reference, older, interpretive, aids, determining, guidance, construed, fair, middle, position, neither, strict, literal, nor, mere, considering, course, authentic, documents, almost, independently, discussed, imposes, adopts, opted, benefits, status, eliminating, scenarios, invalidated, yet, upheld, conducted, loss, prescribe, intends, drawn, supply, option, requirement, partially, waived, due, void, initio, document, whether, deemed, never, existed, described, below, contrast, comprise, words, request, existing, executed, governed, allows, amended, form, simultaneously, dispute, suspend, pending, outcome, running, parallel, uncertainties, arise, quasi, proceeding, upon, paying, once, comes, existence, similar, fashion, searched, published, examined, compliance, adopted, communications, aspects, treatment, surgery, therapy, socio, ethical, substances, compositions, therapeutic, health, plant, varieties, biological, production, plants, animals, contrary, morality, ordre, second, set, include, mathematical, aesthetic, creations, schemes, performing, mental, playing, games, doing, programs, computers, presentations, relates, areas, negative, scientific, theories, discoveries, indications, specifically, sets, forth, fundamental, provision, governs, fields, technology, involve, susceptible, important, introduction, deals, exclusively, function, determine, how, integral, 1883, 1967, paragraph, currently, would, allow, enforceability, note, unity, applicability, novelty, applicable, respectively, payment, completion, behalf, exist, assist, 1997, 1995, 1998, 1991, 1986, 1980, 1979, revise, amongst, things, integrate, developments, informally, called, separate, membership, different, were, fixed, meeting, joined, officially, took, place, sometimes, accomplishment, decade, long, discussion, many, father, played, decisive, role, françois, savignon, kurt, haertel, senator, proposed, creation, proposal, marked, beginning, found, practicable, experts, matters, meetings, nevertheless, led, conventions, 1953, 1954, 1963, classification, henri, framework, harmonised, permits, multilateral, instituting, autonomous, revocable, narrowing, epla, historical, proposals, regime, centralization, harmonization, biotech, directive, full, government, federal, depositary, signatories, six, whose, territory, total, number, amounted, least, 180, 000, condition, effective, location, dark, light, blue, free, encyclopedia, item, projects, printable, download, print, export, switch, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, cite, permanent, link, here, actions, talk, vèneto, українська, русский, português, polski, nederlands, 한국어, 日本語, italiano, magyar, français, suomi, español, deutsch, български, asturianu, العربية, top, personal, recent, portal, learn, help, contribute, random, current, events, navigation, jump,

Text of the page (random words):
iled for example in ireland if the european patent is in english in those contracting states where the london agreement is in force the requirement to file a translation of the european patent has been entirely or partially waived 60 if a translation is required a fee covering the publication of said translation may be due as well 61 european patent with unitary effect edit main article unitary patent since june 2023 unitary effect may be requested for a granted european patent the european patent with unitary effect also known as the unitary patent is a european patent which benefits from unitary effect in the participating member states of the european union unitary effect means the patent has a common legal status throughout all the participating states eliminating scenarios in which a patent may be invalidated by courts in one participating member state yet upheld by courts in another infringement and revocation proceedings relating to unitary patents are conducted before the unified patent court upc enforcement and validity edit main article enforcement of european patents almost all attributes of a european patent in a contracting state i e ownership validity and infringement are determined independently under respective national law except for the opposition procedure limitation procedure and revocation procedure as discussed above though the epc imposes some common limits the epc expressly adopts national law for interpretation of all substantive attributes of a european patent in a contracting state with a few exceptions 62 however since june 2023 non opted out nationally validated european patents and unitary patents are subject to the jurisdiction of the unified patent court upc infringement edit infringement is remitted entirely to national law and to national courts and to the upc if competent 63 in one of its very few substantive interventions into national law the epc requires that national courts must consider the direct product of a patented process to be an infringement 64 the extent of the protection conferred by a european patent is determined primarily by reference to the claims of the european patent rather than by the disclosure of the specification and drawings as in some older patent systems though the description and drawings are to be used as interpretive aids in determining the meaning of the claims 65 a protocol on the interpretation of article 69 epc provides further guidance that claims are to be construed using a fair middle position neither strict literal nor as mere guidelines to considering the description and drawings though of course even the protocol is subject to national interpretation 66 the authentic text of a european patent application and of a european patent are the documents in the language of the proceedings 67 68 all other substantive rights attached to a european patent in a contracting state such as what acts constitute infringement indirect and divided infringement infringement by equivalents extraterritorial infringement infringement outside the term of the patent with economic effect during the term of the patent infringement of product claims by processes for making or using exports assembly of parts into an infringing whole etc the effect of prosecution history on interpretation of the claims remedies for infringement or bad faith enforcement injunction damages attorney fees other civil penalties for wilful infringement etc equitable defences coexistence of an ep national daughter and a national patent for identical subject matter ownership and assignment extensions to patent term for regulatory approval etc are expressly remitted to national law 69 for a period in the late 1990s national courts issued cross border injunctions covering all ep jurisdictions but this has been limited by the european court of justice in two cases in july 2006 interpreting articles 6 1 and 16 4 of the brussels convention the european court of justice held that european patents are national rights that must be enforced nationally that it was unavoidable that infringements of the same european patent have to be litigated in each relevant national court even if the lawsuit is against the same group of companies and that cross border injunctions are not available 70 validity edit validity is also remitted largely to national law national courts and the upc if competent article 138 1 epc limits the application of national law to only the following grounds of invalidity and specifies that the standards for each ground are those of national law if the subject matter of the european patent is not patentable within the terms of articles 52 to 57 epc see substantive patent law section above if the disclosure does not permit the invention to be carried out by a person skilled in the art 71 if amendments have been made such that the subject matter extends beyond the content of the application as filed 72 if the claims have been broadened post grant e g in opposition proceedings 73 an improper proprietor 74 in some jurisdictions only the person pretending to be entitled to the european patent can raise this specific ground so that the resulting nullity of the patent may be relative to some persons only 75 term duration of a european patent edit the epc requires all jurisdictions to give a european patent a term of 20 years from the filing date 76 the filing date being the actual date of filing an application for a european patent or the date of filing of an international application under the pct designating the epo the filing date is not necessarily the priority date which can be up to one year earlier notes 9 the term of a granted european patent may be extended under national law if national law provides term extension to compensate for pre marketing regulatory approval 77 for eea member states this is by means of a supplementary protection certificate spc relation with the patent cooperation treaty edit a european patent application may result from the filing of an international application under the patent cooperation treaty pct i e the filing of a pct application and then the entry into european regional phase 78 i e the transition from the international to the european procedural stages the european patent application is therefore said to be a euro pct application and the epo is said to act as a designated or elected office 79 in case of conflict between the provisions of the epc and those of the pct the provisions of the pct and its regulations prevail over those of the epc 80 twelve epc contracting states namely belgium cyprus france greece ireland latvia 81 malta 82 monaco montenegro 83 the netherlands san marino 84 and slovenia have closed their national route 85 this means that for these countries it is not possible to obtain a national patent through the international pct phase without entering into the regional european phase and obtaining a european patent the national route for italy was closed until 30 june 2020 but italy then reopened it for pct applications filed on or after 1 july 2020 86 see also edit glossary of patent law terms vienna convention on the law of treaties 1969 notes edit the view that a european patent issues as independent national patents in each designated contracting state is very convenient from a practical point of view some however consider this view as incorrect the view that after grant a european patent breaks up into a bundle of national patents in designated contracting states may appear plausible but it is incorrect both in law and systematically singer stauder the european patent convention a commentary munich 2003 under article 2 singer stauder s view seems in turn rather theoretical in view of decisions roche nederland bv v primus and gat v luk of the european court of justice see also enforcement and validity section which reinforced the independent character of a european patent in each contracting state as tom scourfield wrote in an article commenting on these two decisions a european patent is no more than a bundle of national patents pursuant to a single application until a true community patent becomes a reality it seems likely that true community enforcement will continue to elude patent owners tom scourfield jurisdiction and patents ecj rules on forum for validity and cross border patent enforcement the cipa journal august 2006 volume 35 no 8 p 535 the hague branch of the epo is actually located in rijswijk 4 the european patent convention epc applies also to french overseas territories see synopsis of the territorial field of application of international patent treaties situation on 1 march 2013 epo oj 4 2013 p 269 footnote 4 the european patent convention was ratified on 7 october 1977 for the european netherlands from 4 april 2007 the epc applied also to the netherlands antilles presently caribbean netherlands curaçao and sint maarten the convention does not apply to aruba see synopsis of the territorial field of application of international patent treaties situation on 1 march 2013 epo oj 4 2013 p 269 footnote 6 and guidelines for examination in the epo section foreword_6 contracting states to the epc the european patent convention also applies to the isle of man see synopsis of the territorial field of application of international patent treaties situation on 1 march 2013 epo oj 4 2013 p 269 footnote 7 furthermore european patents in force in the uk can also be registered in the crown dependencies and overseas territories anguilla bermuda british virgin islands cayman islands falkland islands gibraltar guernsey jersey montserrat and turks and caicos islands as well as the british commonwealth countries belize fiji grenada guyana kiribati solomon islands and tuvalu generally within 3 years of grant of the european patent as explained in registration of european patents uk in crown dependencies uk overseas territories and commonwealth countries oj epo 2018 a97 finally regarding registration of european patent applications and patents in the hong kong special administrative region sar is also possible see patent protection in hong kong special administration region oj epo 2009 546 and patent law in hong kong the european patent convention does not apply however to greenland and the faroe islands see synopsis of the territorial field of application of international patent treaties situation on 1 march 2013 epo oj 4 2013 p 269 footnote 3 in addition to the opposition procedure and even after it has ended particular acts can still be performed before the european patent office such as requesting a rectification of an incorrect designation of inventor under rule 19 1 epc needs update rectification may indeed be requested after the proceedings before the epo are terminated guid a iii 5 6 there is no consistent usage of a particular expression to refer to the european patent in a particular designated contracting state for which it is granted the article uses the expression a european patent in a contracting state which is considered to be the most consistent with the authoritative text i e the epc in rare cases the filing date can be even more than one year after the priority date if the applicant missed the priority year and successfully obtained a re establishment of rights in respect of the priority period see guidelines for examination in the epo section f vi 3 6 references edit article 2 1 epc article 14 epc 1 2 article 75 1 a epc enlarged board of appeal decision g 7 88 administrative agreement of 16 11 1990 summary of facts and submissions v 3 decision of the president of the european patent office dated 10 may 1989 on the setting up of a filing office in the berlin sub office of the european patent office archived 13 january 2017 at the wayback machine oj 1989 218 article 75 1 b epc bossung otto the return of european patent law in the european union iic 27 3 1996 archived from the original on 4 march 2012 retrieved 30 june 2012 work on a european patent law aimed at a european patent had begun in strasbourg in 1949 with the longchambon plan 1 2 g w tookey patents in the european field in council of europe council of europe staff european yearbook 1969 martinus nijhoff publishers 1971 pages 76 97 isbn 90 247 1218 1 european patent office britannica retrieved 4 october 2021 ecj case c 1 09 opinion point 3 europa eu retrieved 17 july 2022 the european patent convention the epc signed at munich on 5 october 1973 is a treaty to which 38 states including all the member states of the european union are now parties the european union is not a party to the epc member states of the european patent organisation european patent office retrieved 30 july 2022 1 2 republic of moldova to become 40th epo member state epo org european patent office 25 march 2026 retrieved 16 may 2026 republic of moldova joins european patent organisation as 40th member state epo org european patent office 1 june 2026 retrieved 19 june 2026 official journal of the epo 2 2006 notice from the european patent office dated 27 january 2006 concerning deposit of the fifteenth instrument of ratification of the epc revision act archived 18 october 2012 at the wayback machine epo web site san marino accedes to the european patent convention archived 11 may 2009 at the wayback machine updates 8 may 2009 consulted on 8 may 2009 see also epo san marino accedes to the european patent convention archived 19 july 2011 at the wayback machine epo official journal 6 2009 p 396 albania accedes to the european patent convention archived 24 august 2010 at the wayback machine updates 1 march 2010 consulted on 2 may 2010 serbia accedes to the european patent convention archived 3 august 2010 at the wayback machine 30 july 2010 consulted on 31 july 2010 montenegro on its way to become 39th epc contracting state on 1 october 2022 epo org european patent office 27 july 2022 retrieved 30 july 2022 1 2 morocco recognises european patents as national patents european patent office 19 january 2015 archived from the original on 22 january 2015 retrieved 25 january 2015 1 2 brevets européens en tunisie l accord de validation entre l oeb et la tunisie entrera en vigueur le 1er décembre european patents in tunisia the validation agreement between the epo and tunisia will enter into force on december 1 in french european patent office 3 october 2017 archived from the original on 7 october 2017 retrieved 6 october 2017 1 2 validation of european patents in cambodia kh with effect from 1 march 2018 european patent office 9 february 2018 archived from the original on 11 february 2018 retrieved 10 february 2018 1 2 oj epo 2023 a105 validation of european patents in georgia ge with effect from 15 january 2024 epo org retrieved 23 january 2024 1 2 validation agreement with laos takes effect epo org european patent office 1 april 2025 retrieved 4 may 2025 guidelines for examination in the epo section a iii 12 1 extension and validation of european patent applications and patents to in states not party...