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first officer aviation wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 requirement 2 role 3 see also 4 references 5 bibliography toggle the table of contents first officer aviation 24 languages العربية betawi বাংলা čeština deutsch español فارسی français frysk עברית հայերեն bahasa indonesia 日本語 한국어 limburgs nederlands polski português русский simple english slovenčina türkçe українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia flight crew role co pilot redirects here for other uses see co pilot disambiguation this article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations november 2021 learn how and when to remove this message a first officer at the controls of a de havilland canada dash 8 passenger aircraft in aviation the first officer fo also called co pilot is a pilot who serves as the second in command of an aircraft alongside the captain who is the legal commander in the event of incapacitation of the captain the first officer will assume command of the aircraft 1 requirement edit historically large aircraft had several personnel on the flight deck such as a navigator a flight engineer and a dedicated radio operator improvements in automation and reliability have reduced this to two many aircraft require a minimum of two flight crew the minimum crew requirement will be stated in the aircraft manuals by the manufacturer in the european union all turbo propeller aeroplanes with a maximum approved passenger seating configuration of more than nine and all turbo jet aeroplanes require two pilots 2 role edit control of the aircraft is normally shared equally between the first officer and the captain with one pilot normally designated the pilot flying and the other the pilot not flying or pilot monitoring for each flight even when the first officer is the flying pilot however the captain remains ultimately responsible for the aircraft its passengers and the crew in typical day to day operations the essential job tasks remain fairly equal often the first officer will log time as pilot in command under supervision picus for the purpose of working towards an airline transport pilot license traditionally the first officer sits on the right hand side of a fixed wing aircraft right seat and the left hand side of a helicopter the reason for this difference is related to in many cases the pilot flying being unable to release the right hand from the cyclic control to operate the instruments thus they sit on the right side and do that with the left hand 3 on a long haul flight there may be multiple captains and first officers on board to act as relief crew while the captain rests the senior of first officers sits in the left hand seat as for example on air france flight 447 some airlines have the rank of junior first officer for pilots who are not yet fully qualified 4 modern airliners require two pilots when a junior first officer is undergoing training a safety pilot will sit in the jump seat to monitor the junior first officer and the captain 5 6 a junior first officer is sometimes known as a second officer after a certain number of flight hours and experience a first officer can be promoted to senior first officer 7 a senior first officer will typically have at least 1 500 hours flight experience 8 a first officer may be older or have more experience than a captain a captain may choose to return to a first officer role to take a job at a different airline some pilots prefer to remain a senior first officer than pursue an upgrade to captain due to the benefits of seniority 9 see also edit aircrew chief mate second officer aviation third officer aviation references edit leone dario 2022 04 24 airline pilot explains why the co pilot is more important than the captain on a plane and why he would rather have a good co pilot than a good 2 engine any day the aviation geek club retrieved 2023 11 11 eu ops 965 subpart n ops 1 940 composition of flight crew airline captain and first officer explained atp flight school atpflightschool com retrieved 2023 11 11 career progression pilot kaki retrieved 24 february 2023 how to become a boeing 737 ryanair pilot johanaero 9 may 2017 retrieved 24 february 2023 secchi beatrice 12 november 2021 ryanair line training afta graduate blog afta retrieved 24 february 2023 airline pilot job profile www prospects ac uk retrieved 24 february 2023 page charlie the path to becoming an airline captain how pilots climb the ranks retrieved 24 february 2023 how are pilots evaluated for raises or promotions askthepilot com retrieved 24 february 2023 bibliography edit harris tom how airline crews work howstuffworks com website june 14 2001 retrieved september 2 2014 smith patrick patrick smith s ask the pilot when a pilot dies in flight archived 2015 05 02 at the wayback machine askthepilot com website 2013 which in turn cites smith patrick cockpit confidential everything you need to know about air travel questions answers and reflections sourcebooks 2013 isbn 1402280912 isbn 978 1402280917 flying the world in clipper ships at flightjournal com 2007 v t e commercial aviation airlines airline codes airline holding companies cargo airline charter airlines flag carriers low cost airlines non scheduled airline passenger airlines regional airlines alliances oneworld skyteam star alliance value alliance vanilla alliance u fly alliance trade groups international aco atag iata iatan ifalpa istat united states a4a raa europe a4e asd eca ebaa era etwf other regions aaco aapa afraa raaa aircrew pilot in command captain first officer second officer third officer relief crew flight attendant flight engineer loadmaster aircraft pilot purser dead mileage airliner travel class first class first class travel business class premium economy class economy class basic economy class aircraft cabin aircraft lavatory aircraft seat map airline meal airline seat buy on board crew rest compartment in flight entertainment inflight smoking galley sickness bag airport aerodrome airline hub airport check in airport lounge airport rail link airport terminal airside pass airstair boarding domestic airport gate international airport jet bridge low cost carrier terminal runway transit hotel customs immigration arrival card border control internal departure card passport timatic travel document travel visa electronic environmental effects hypermobility environmental effects of aviation law air transport agreement air route authority between the united states and china bermuda agreement uk us 1946 1978 bermuda ii agreement uk us 1978 2008 cross strait charter beijing convention cape town treaty chicago convention convention on the marking of plastic explosives european common aviation area flight permit freedoms of the air eu us open skies agreement hague hijacking convention hague protocol montreal convention paris convention of 1919 rome convention sabotage convention tokyo convention warsaw convention intergovernmental organizations icao ecac eurocontrol easa encasia baggage bag tag baggage allowance baggage carousel baggage cart baggage reclaim baggage handler baggage handling system baggage sizer checked baggage hand luggage lost luggage worldtracer luggage lock aviation safety air rage air traffic control air traffic service aircraft safety card airport authority airport crash tender airport police airport security airspace class area control center brace position civil aviation authority control area control zone controlled airspace evacuation slide flight information region flight information service flight recorder instrument flight rules overwing exits pre flight safety demonstration sky marshal special use airspace us special visual flight rules terminal control area terminal control center uncontrolled airspace upper information region visual flight rules airline tickets airline booking ploys airline reservations system airline ticket airline timetable bereavement flight boarding pass codeshare agreement continent pass electronic ticket fare basis code flight cancellation and delay frequent flyer program government contract flight one way travel open jaw ticket overbooking overselling passenger name record red eye flight round the world ticket standby tracking travel agency ground crew aircraft maintenance technician aircraft ground handling baggage handler flight dispatcher miscellaneous air cargo air travel airplane film aviation taxation and subsidies mile high club steffen boarding method retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title first_officer_ aviation oldid 1370082840 categories titles occupations in aviation hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata articles lacking in text citations from november 2021 all articles lacking in text citations webarchive template wayback links this page was last edited on 19 august 2026 at 01 17 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents first officer aviation 24 languages add topic