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were placed in each corner and the sun of may was depicted in red a color used by the federalists since the time of artigas the changes introduced by rosas were not recorded in any law or decree so it is presumed that they were simply rosas s personal decision rosas also never established a special flag for the province of buenos aires federalist supporters often used these variants both in official and military contexts 15 in combat the federal army frequently carried dark blue versions of the argentine flag sometimes inscribed with slogans such as viva la confederación mueran los salvajes unitarios long live the confederation death to the savage unitarians in addition some regiments used a red and white bicolor flag by the late 1840s especially in the northern provinces where dissatisfaction with rosas was growing but still respecting his dominance flags bearing the slogan libertad constitución o muerte liberty constitution or death appeared in turn units of the grand army commanded by justo josé de urquiza used flags bearing the slogan constitución federal o muerte federal constitution or death 16 urquiza flag edit flag of the argentine confederation 1852 1861 justo josé de urquiza governor of entre ríos assumed national leadership as president of the argentine confederation after defeating rosas at the battle of caseros on 3 february 1852 under urquiza s leadership the inland provinces abandoned rosas dark flag and reverted to using the light blue stripes with the golden sun of may in the center unitarian party and state of buenos aires edit light blue flag used by unitarian party on sea light blue flag used by unitarian party on sea during the confederation era unitarian exiles in montevideo continued to use light blue national flags and their own naval flags these flags remained in use until 1852 flag of the state of buenos aires 1852 1861 buenos aires naval ensign 1852 1861 buenos aires merchant flag 1852 1861 on 11 september 1852 the unitarian party carried out a bloodless coup in the province which led to the creation of the state of buenos aires the state effectively controlled only the coast of la plata although buenos aires was then an independent state with its own diplomatic relations it tried to reintegrate with argentina the state of buenos aires used a flag consisting of two light blue stripes and a white one in the middle where the greater coat of arms of argentina was located it was replaced by the national flag with the unification of the country in 1861 since then no provincial flag has been used in buenos aires until the adoption of the current design buenos aires warships continued to use the naval ensign previously used by the unitary party this was the original light blue argentine flag with an additional thin white stripe at the top 17 18 argentine republic edit the sun of may as it appears on the argentine flag it has 32 rays alternately straight and wavy and the details are picked out in brown the inner sun s diameter is 2 5 of the total figure s height while the diameter of the sun equals 5 6 the height of the white stripe buenos aires and the confederation clashed at the battle of pavón which was won by the unitarians in 1861 after this victory buenos aires was reincorporated into the national structure and bartolomé mitre assumed office as president of the united argentine republic in 1862 his rule ushered in a more centralized government with buenos aires as its political and economic center in 1869 president domingo faustino sarmiento authorized the display of flags on homes and buildings during national holidays a practice that had previously been prohibited 19 on 24 september 1873 during the unveiling of the belgrano monument in buenos aires sarmiento delivered his discourse on the flag in it he rejected the former confederate flags calling them the invention of barbarians tyrants and traitors and declared that they could not be considered the argentine flag the debate over the flag s colors resurfaced in 1878 bartolomé mitre argued for maintaining the unitarian light blue and white while mariano a pelliza and c frigeiro argued that the original color of the 1818 flag was turquoise on 25 april 1884 president julio argentino roca issued a decree that again restricted the use of the sun flag to government institutions a year later a blue and white flag was approved for the diplomatic corps in 1895 president josé evaristo uriburu established light blue and white as the official colors a decision confirmed by president figueroa alcorta s decree of 24 may 1907 further regulations were introduced in 1943 under the administration of pedro pablo ramírez decrees 1027 5256 and 6628 issued on 19 june 13 august and 26 august of the same year defined the design of the official national flag the image of the sun and the manner of wearing the sash it stipulated that the national flag must always display the sun when flown by government offices while private individuals were required to use it without the sun on 8 june 1938 president roberto ortiz sanctioned national law no 12 361 declaring 20 june flag day a national holiday the date was decided as the anniversary of belgrano s death in 1820 in 1957 the national flag memorial a 10 000 m 2 monumental complex was inaugurated in rosario to commemorate the creation of the flag and the official flag day ceremonies have customarily been conducted in its vicinity since then according to the decree 10 302 1944 the article 2 stated that the official flag of the nation is the flag with sun approved by the congress of tucumán reunited in buenos aires on 25 february 1818 the article 3 stated that the flag with the sun in its center is to be used only by the federal and provincial governments while individuals and institutions use a flag without the sun 20 in 1985 the law 23 208 repealed the article 3 of the decree 10 302 1944 saying that the federal and provincial governments as well as individuals have the right to use the official flag of the nation 21 in november 2010 the exact design specifications for the flag were standardized and promulgated via presidential decree specifying the exact colors proportions and aspect ratio 22 anthems to the flag edit aurora sunrise edit alta en el cielo un águila guerrera audaz se eleva en vuelo triunfal azul un ala del color del cielo azul un ala del color del mar así en el alta aurora irradial punta de flecha el áureo rostro imita y forma estela el purpurado cuello el ala es paño el águila es bandera es la bandera de la patria mía del sol nacido que me ha dado dios es la bandera de la patria mía del sol nacido que me ha dado dios high in the sky a warrior eagle rises audacious in its triumphal flight one wing is blue sky colored one wing is blue sea colored in the high radiant aurora its golden face resembles the tip of an arrow and its purple nape leaves a wake the wing is cloth the eagle is a flag it is the flag of my fatherland born of the sun that god gave me it is the flag of my fatherland born of the sun that god gave me lyrics by luigi illica and héctor cipriano quesada music by héctor panizza it is sung during flag raising ceremonies saludo a la bandera salutation to the flag edit salve argentina bandera azul y blanca jirón del cielo en donde impera el sol tú la más noble la más gloriosa y santa el firmamento su color te dio yo te saludo bandera de mi patria sublime enseña de libertad y honor jurando amarte como así defenderte mientras palpite mi fiel corazón hail argentina blue and white flag shred of the sky where the sun reigns you the most noble the most glorious and holy the heavens gave its color to you i salute you flag of my fatherland sublime ensign of freedom and honor swearing to love you as well as to defend you for as long as my faithful heart beats mi bandera my flag edit aquí está la bandera idolatrada la enseña que belgrano nos legó cuando triste la patria esclavizada con valor sus vínculos rompió aquí está la bandera esplendorosa que al mundo con sus triunfos admiró cuando altiva en la lucha y victoriosa la cima de los andes escaló aquí está la bandera que un día en la batalla tremoló triunfal y llena de orgullo y bizarría a san lorenzo se dirigió inmortal aquí está como el cielo refulgente ostentando sublime majestad después de haber cruzado el continente exclamando a su paso libertad libertad libertad here is the idolized flag the flag that belgrano left to us when the sad enslaved homeland bravely broke its bonds here is the splendorous flag that surprised the world with its victory when arrogant and victoriously during the battles the top of the andes it has climbed here is the flag that one day triumphantly rose in the middle of the battle and full of pride and gallantry to san lorenzo it went immortal here it is like the shining sky showing sublimate majesty after having crossed the continent shouting in its way freedom freedom freedom pledge to the flag edit as flag day is celebrated on 20 june the following pledge is recited to students nationwide on this day by their respective school principals or grade level advisers in large towns where students are gathered en masse the pledge is taken by the local town or city executive preceded by words of advice and honor to the memory of its creator manuel belgrano using the following or similar formulas traditional pledge edit summons niños alumnos la bandera blanca y celeste dios sea loado no ha sido atada jamás al carro triunfal de ningún vencedor de la tierra niños alumnos esa bandera gloriosa representa a la patria de los argentinos prometáis rendirle vuestro más sincero y respetuoso homenaje quererla con amor inmenso y formarle desde la aurora de la vida un culto fervoroso e imborrable en vuestros corazones preparándonos desde la escuela para practicar a su tiempo con toda pureza y honestidad las nobles virtudes inherentes a la ciudadanía estudiar con empeño la historia de nuestro país y la de sus grandes benefactores a fin de seguir sus huellas luminosas y a fin también de honrar la bandera y de que no se amortigüe jamás en vuestras almas el delicado y generoso sentimiento de amor a la patria en una palabra prometéis lo que esté en las medidas de vuestras fuerzas que la bandera argentina flamee por siempre sobre nuestras murallas y fortalezas en lo alto de los mástiles de nuestras naves y a la cabeza de nuestras legiones y para que el honor sea su aliento la gloria su aureola la justicia su empresa response sí prometo 23 summons children students the white and sky blue flag god be praised has never been carried in the triumphal carts of any victors of this earth children students this glorious flag represents the fatherland of the argentines i ask you all to promise to pledge your most sincere and respectful homage to love it and nurture with immense love from the dawn of life a fervent and indelible cult in your hearts preparing yourselves from school to practice in its time with all purity and honesty the noble virtues inherent in citizenship studying with determination the history of our country and that of its big benefactors in order to continue its luminous traces and as a way to honor the flag so that there should never get depressed in your souls the delicate and generous feeling of love for the fatherland in one word do you promise to the extent of your capabilities that the flag of argentina flames forever over our walls and forts on top of the masts of our ships and at the head of our legions and so that honor should be its breath glory its aurora justice its company response yes i promise standing to attention and extending the right arm towards the flag versions of this include references to belgrano and to all who fought for the country during the argentine war of independence and other wars that followed modern pledge edit summons niños alumnos esta es la bandera que creó manuel belgrano en los albores de nuestra libertad simboliza a la república argentina nuestra patria es el símbolo de nuestra libre soberanía que hace sagrados a los hombres y mujeres y a todos los pueblos del mundo convoca el ejercicio de nuestros deberes y nuestros derechos a respetar las leyes y las instituciones es la expresión de nuestra historia forjada con la esperanza y el esfuerzo de millones de hombres y mujeres los que nacieron en nuestra tierra y los que vinieron a poblarla al amparo de nuestra bandera y nuestra constitución representa nuestra tierra y nuestros mares nuestros ríos y bosques nuestros llanos y montañas el esfuerzo de sus habitantes sus sueños y realizaciones simboliza nuestro presente en el que día a día debemos construir la democracia que nos ennoblece y conquistar el conocimiento que nos libera y nuestro futuro el de nuestros hijos y el de las sucesivas generaciones de argentinos niños alumnos prometen defenderla respetarla y amarla con fraterna tolerancia y respeto estudiando con firme voluntad comprometiéndose a ser ciudadanos libres y justos aceptando solidariamente en sus diferencias a todos los que pueblan nuestro suelo y transmitiendo en todos y cada uno de nuestros actos sus valores permanentes e irrenunciables response sí prometo 24 summons children students this is the flag that manuel belgrano created at the dawn of our freedom the symbol of our fatherland the argentine republic it is the symbol of our free sovereignty which renders sacred the men and women and all the peoples of the world it calls on us to exercise our duties and our rights to respect our nation s laws and institutions it is the expression of our history forged with the hope and the efforts of millions of men and women those who were born in our land and those who came to settle it under our flag and our constitution it represents our land and our seas our rivers and forests our plains and mountains the efforts of its inhabitants their dreams and achievements it symbolizes our present in which day by day we must build the democracy that ennobles us and conquer the knowledge that frees us as well as our future that of our children and the successive generations of argentines children students do you promise to defend respect and love it with fraternal tolerance and respect studying with determination committing to be free and honest citizens accepting in solidarity the diversity of all those who inhabit our lands and passing on these permanent and irrevocable values in everything you do response yes i promise standing to attention and extending the right arm towards the flag the glorious reveille may be sounded by a military or a marching band at this point and confetti may be showered upon the students in the armed forces of the argentine republic and civil uniformed services the pledge is similar but with a different formula and response of si juro yes i pledge military police variant edit summons juráis a la patria seguir constantemente su bandera y defenderla hasta perder la vida response sí juro 25 summons do you therefore pledge to the f...