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floor plan wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 overview toggle overview subsection 1 1 plan view 2 variations toggle variations subsection 2 1 reflected ceiling plan 2 2 3d floor plans 2 3 plan diagrams 3 see also 4 references 5 external links toggle the table of contents floor plan 35 languages afrikaans العربية বাংলা català čeština dansk deutsch esperanto español eesti euskara suomi français עברית hrvatski magyar հայերեն bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 한국어 nederlands norsk bokmål polski português srpskohrvatski српскохрватски simple english slovenčina slovenščina српски srpski svenska türkçe українська 粵語 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia architectural drawing showing interior layout of a building for integrated circuit diagrams see floorplan microelectronics for the financial term see retail floorplan first floor plan of a single family house showing a north arrow room tags furniture layouts window and door placement relative wall thicknesses and window specification details part of a series on graphical projection planar projections parallel projection orthographic projection isometric projection oblique projection perspective projection curvilinear perspective reverse perspective views bird s eye view cross section cutaway drawing exploded view drawing fisheye lens multiviews panorama worm s eye view zoom lens topics 3d projection anamorphosis axonometry computer graphics computer aided design descriptive geometry engineering drawing map projection picture plane plan drawing projection linear algebra projection plane projective geometry stereoscopy technical drawing true length vanishing point video game graphics viewing frustum v t e part of series on technical drawings by field architectural drawing floor plan electrical drawing engineering drawing plumbing drawing structural drawing scientific illustration mechanical systems drawing working drawing archaeological illustration types sketches blueprint technical drawing assembly drawing cross section cutaway diagram line drawings patent drawings technical illustration cad product and manufacturing information exploded view standards int iso 128 us ansi asme y14 1 ru eskd see also outline of drawing and drawings 3d projection v t e in architecture and building engineering a floor plan is a technical or diagrammatic drawing that illustrates the horizontal relationships of interior spaces or features to one another at one level of a structure they are typically drawn to scale and in orthographic projection to represent relationships without distortion they are usually drawn approximately 4 ft 1 2 m above the finished floor and indicate the direction of north the level of detail included on a floor plan is directly tied to its intended use and phase of design for instance a plan produced in the schematic design phase may show only major divisions of space and approximate square footages while one produced for construction may indicate the construction types of various walls floor plans may indicate specific dimensions or square footages for particular rooms and or walls they may also include details of fixtures sinks water heaters furnaces etc notes to specify finishes construction methods or symbols for electrical items they may be rendered or drafted overview edit a floor plan of a temple carved on a statue of gudea 22nd century bc showing the exterior wall 1 similar to a map the orientation of the view is downward from above but unlike a conventional map a plan is drawn at a particular vertical position commonly at about four feet above the floor objects below this level are seen objects at this level are shown cut in plan section and objects above this vertical position within the structure are omitted or shown dashed plan view or planform is defined as a vertical orthographic projection of an object on a horizontal plane like a map the term may be used in general to describe any drawing showing the physical layout of objects for example it may denote the arrangement of the displayed objects at an exhibition or the arrangement of exhibitor booths at a convention drawings are now reproduced using plotters and large format xerographic copiers the art of constructing ground plans ichnography gr τὸ ἴχνος íchnos track trace and γράφειν gráphein to write 2 pronounced ik nog rəfi was first described by vitruvius i 2 and included the geometrical projection or horizontal section representing the plan of any building taken at such a level as to show the outer walls with the doorways windows fireplaces etc and the correct thickness of the walls the position of piers columns or pilasters courtyards and other features which constitute the design 3 as to scale plan view edit a plan view is an orthographic projection of a three dimensional object from the position of a horizontal plane through the object in other words a plan is a section viewed from the top in such views the portion of the object above the plane section is omitted to reveal what lies beyond in the case of a floor plan the roof and upper portion of the walls may typically be omitted whenever an interior design project is being approached a floor plan is the typical starting point for any further design considerations and decisions roof plans are orthographic projections but they are not sections as their viewing plane is outside of the object a plan is a common method of depicting the internal arrangement of a three dimensional object in two dimensions it is often used in technical drawing and is traditionally crosshatched the style of crosshatching indicates the type of material the section passes through variations edit reflected ceiling plan edit a reflected ceiling plan rcp shows a view of the room as if looking from above through the ceiling at a mirror installed one foot below the ceiling level which shows the reflected image of the ceiling above this convention maintains the same orientation of the floor and ceilings plans looking down from above rcps are used by designers and architects to demonstrate lighting visible mechanical features and ceiling forms as part of the documents provided for construction 3d floor plans edit a 3d floor plan is a perspectival rather than orthographic representation of a plan they are usually produced using a digital model of a building floor plan and rendered they are often used to convey architectural plans to individuals not familiar with floor plans despite the purpose of floor plans originally being to depict 3d layouts in a 2d manner technological expansion has made rendering 3d models much more cost effective 3d plans show a better depth of image and are often complemented by 3d furniture in the room this allows a greater appreciation of scale than with traditional 2d floor plans plan diagrams edit simplified plan views may be used to indicate various non technical information such as the location of fire exits interior circulation patterns programmatic arrangements or solid void relationships these are primarily used in the design process or as presentation rather than construction drawings see also edit 3d printing 3d scanner architect s scale architectural drawing list of floor plan software house house plan indoor positioning system ips room number magicplan references edit gudea b dit architecte au plan ao 2 louvre retrieved 2025 05 04 t f hoad ichnography the concise oxford dictionary of english etymology 1996 encyclopedia com 4 jan 2010 one or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain chisholm hugh ed 1911 ichnography encyclopædia britannica vol 14 11th ed cambridge university press p 243 external links edit media related to floor plans at wikimedia commons renaissance visual thinking architectural representation as medium to contemplate true form federica goffi hamilton archived 2008 11 16 at the wayback machine v t e construction types home construction offshore construction underground construction tunnel construction history architecture construction industrialization infrastructure structural engineering timeline of architecture water supply and sanitation world s tallest buildings professions architect building engineer building estimator building officials chartered building surveyor civil engineer civil estimator clerk of works project manager quantity surveyor site manager structural engineer superintendent trades workers list banksman boilermaker bricklayer carpenter concrete finisher construction foreman construction worker electrician glazier ironworker millwright plasterer plumber roofer steel fixer welder organizations american institute of constructors aic american society of civil engineers asce asbestos testing and consultancy association atac associated general contractors of america agc association of plumbing and heating contractors aphc build uk construction history society chartered institution of civil engineering surveyors cices chartered institute of plumbing and heating engineering ciphe civil engineering contractors association ceca the concrete society construction management association of america cmaa construction specifications institute csi fidic home builders federation hbf lighting association national association of home builders nahb national association of women in construction nawic national fire protection association nfpa national kitchen bath association nkba national railroad construction and maintenance association nrc national tile contractors association ntca railway tie association rta royal institution of chartered surveyors rics scottish building federation sbf society of construction arbitrators by country india iran japan romania taiwan turkey united kingdom united states regulation building code construction law site safety zoning architecture floor plan style list industrial architecture british indigenous architecture interior architecture landscape architecture vernacular architecture engineering architectural engineering building services engineering civil engineering coastal engineering construction engineering structural engineering earthquake engineering environmental engineering geotechnical engineering methods list earthbag construction modern methods of construction monocrete construction slip forming other topics building material list of building materials millwork builder s signature builders rites construction bidding construction delay construction equipment theft construction robots cornerstone floor loan construction management construction robots construction waste demolition design build design bid build dfma heavy equipment interior design illegal construction lists of buildings and structures megaproject megastructure plasterwork damp proofing parge coat roughcast harling real estate development real estate bubble stonemasonry sustainability topping out unfinished building urban design urban planning outline category list of construction occupations authority control databases international gnd national czech republic latvia other nara yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title floor_plan oldid 1365615126 categories technical drawing architectural terminology hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 encyclopaedia britannica with wikisource reference wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 encyclopædia britannica commons category link is on wikidata webarchive template wayback links this page was last edited on 23 july 2026 at 13 01 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents floor plan 35 languages add topic